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Removal of antibiotics from wastewater by advanced oxidation technologies
Macsek, Tomáš ; Rusník,, Igor (referee) ; Bodík,, Igor (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
Antibiotics are substances that inhibit the growth of microorganisms and are widely used in modern medicine. High consumption of antibiotics correlates with their elevated occurence in sewage systems, from where they are further released into the environment. The threat of their occurrence in the environment is in triggering the formation and spread of antibiotic resistance. This thesis focuses on the removal of selected antibiotics and partly on the antibiotic resistance from wastewater by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). AOPs are based on the creation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals, which are able to oxidize even highly persistent substances. The thesis focuses on the purification of effluents from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), which are identified as the main source of pharmaceutical pollution in the environment, by AOPs mainly based on ozonation. These processes were tested under laboratory conditions on model water as well as under real conditions as the tertiary stage of the treatment at Brno-Modřice WWTP under various operating states. As the results of the performed experiments show, it could be concluded that the studied AOPs are capable of effective degradation of studied antibiotics from the treated medium. Under real conditions, the antibiotics sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, azithromycin and clarithromycin were monitored. Output concentrations in each operational state were achieved to be below the limit of detection for all four antibiotics. The application of AOPs based on ozonation as the tertiary step of the treatment also had a positive effect on the reduction of microbial contamination and antibiotic resistance. Within the pilot plant experiments, a reduction of up to 4 orders of magnitude of E.coli, coliform microorganisms and a reduction of their resistant strains in the range of 1.4 - 4.0 logs were observed, compared to the effluent from the WWTP.
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Removal of micropollutants from wastewater by adsorbtion.
Trávníček, Jakub ; Macsek, Tomáš (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is to create a research on the issue of adsorption of micropolutants with a subsequent focus on biochar. The first part therefore deals with the micropolutants themselves, the origin of their formation in wastewater and their negative impact on the health of organisms. It also deals with adsorption technology, discusses its basic knowledge necessary to grasp the topic and describes known adsorbents and their use. It pays special attention to biochar. The second part of the thesis deals with practical filter tests of adsorption abilities of biochar on wastewater from tunnel maintenance and treatment carried out in the laboratory of the AdMaS centre.
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Unbalanced loading of small waste water treatment plants
Spurný, Martin ; Macsek, Tomáš (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the evaluation of the operation of a small wastewater treatment plant. In the research section the basic design parameters of WWTP and selected indicators of waste water pollution are defined as well as their limits according to the valid legislation. In the practical part the first years of operation of the newly built wastewater treatment plant in the town of Svitávka in the South Moravian Region are evaluated. The design parameters of the treatment plant are assessed according to the real measured flow rates spread throughout the year and the values of the basic water quality indicators.
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Structural and technical condition of the sewer system in the village
Hublová, Nikola ; Macsek, Tomáš (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis is focused on the evaluation of structural and technical condition of the sewer network in a selected municipality. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part lists the legislation related to the sewer network. Faults occurring on the sewer network are described together with selected factors influencing the condition of the sewer pipe. For fault detection were introduced pipeline monitoring methods with a description of codes intended for the evaluation of qdetected faults in accordance with ČSN EN 13508-2. The second part presents the municipality in which the network passport took place. According to the available documentation, all elements of the sewer network were traced and then geodetically oriented. All shafts were visually inspected and obtained informations were recorded in the register of elements. Selected sections of the pipeline were inspected by a robot with camera and all faults were classified according to the coding system from the standard ČSN EN 13508-2. The overall structural and technical condition of the sewer network was summarized and variants were presented representing the possibilities of how to deal with the information obtained.
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The amount of waste from wastewater treatment process
Žíla, Radim ; Macsek, Tomáš (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
This Bachelor's Thesis is focused on the amount of waste produced by the sewage treatment plants for the amount up to 2.000 equivalent inhabitants with the gravitational inflow. There are all the types of individual sewage treatment plants of the size up to 2.000 equivalent inhabitants listed in the first section of the theoretical part and the second section of the theoretical part deals with the thorough analysis of all the objects within the sewage treatment plant, their draft specifications and the description of the waste handeling. The practical part of this Bachelor's Thesis deals with the evaluation of the production of waste for the amount up to 2.000 equivalent inhabitants in individual municipalities within the South Moravian region. More specifically it describes the waste of screenings, sand, insoluble substances and sludge on one equivalent inhabitant and its subsequent comparison with the regulation according to ČSN. The evaluation compares all the municipalities among each other and their production of waste is also compared to ČSN.
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Assessment of operation of the pressure sewerage system of the Hradek u Sušice village
Macsek, Tomáš ; Kocůr, Pavel (referee) ; Ručka, Jan (advisor)
The thesis deals with the assessment of a low pressure sewer system (LPS) in the village of Hrádek u Sušice during its test operation. It assesses the functionality of the LPS, parameters of operation and lists types of failures, which were found during the test operation, as well as the causes for the failings. For the purpose of determination of the LPS functionality and causes of failures, continual measurements of pressure have been made on selected sites followed by a thorough analysis of the data.
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Technical solutions for blue-green infrastructure in cities
Císařová, Monika ; Macsek, Tomáš (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with knowledge in the field of rainwater use in cities. Inclusion of the term blue-green infrastructure and a description of the design technical elements used for efficient rainwater management in urban areas. The practical part proposes the solution of the elements of the blue-green infrastructure on Údolní Street in the city of Brno with the requirements of the utility network administrators and the sewer network operator BVK, a.s ..
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Use of microwave pyrolysis products
Zdeňková, Petra ; Macsek, Tomáš (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the use of microwave pyrolysis products. The first part deals with microwave pyrolysis and the use of products from it in industry. The second part of the thesis describes the testing of the waste water sample from the municipal WWTP on a filter column filled with a biochemist. The aim of this thesis is to determine the efficiency of removal of selected microcomputers
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Removal of selected pharmaceuticals from the treated wastewater by oxidation processes
Novotný, Hana ; Macsek, Tomáš (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
The aim of the work is research and summarize the currently available information about micropollutants with a focus on drugs and pesticides. The first part deals with the description, occurrence of micropollutants and their effects on organisms. The second part deals with the possibility of removing selected drugs from wastewater and the application of such methods in practice, and evaluates the effectiveness and economic aspects of O3, O3 + H2O2, O3 + UV and O3 + H2O2 + UV.
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Low pressure sewer systems design
Macsek, Tomáš ; Beránek, Josef (referee) ; Ručka, Jan (advisor)
The thesis deals with designing of low pressure sewer systems. It summarizes the general designing knowledge of low pressure sewers and pumping stations, summarizes the technical requirements according to Czech water companies for low pressure sewer systems and compares them with the established technical standards. The thesis also contains the search and comparison of several equation methods used to define the amount of designed flow of the low pressure sewers, in addition to reviewing the present situation of the pumping station, considering the technical standards and technical requirements.
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