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Suicides at an all-time high in covid 19 pandemic ridden and post pandemic India
Gupta, Jayesh ; Kasal, Alexandr (advisor) ; Nekola, Martin (referee)
The entire globalized world became victims of the covid 19 pandemic, however, a number of other significant social problems like suicides got impacted by it and the lockdown. In India, the suicide rate and annual number of suicides were already at a rising trend prior to the pandemic and reached an all-time high during the covid 19 pandemic in 2020. Emile Durkheim in his book on suicide called Le suicide identifies 4 types of suicides, they were also occurring in India mainly due to the covid 19 lockdown and its impacts and caused a significant damage along with mismanagement of the pandemic and bad government policies. The large-scale internal migration of helpless migrant workers due to the lockdown and the government's failure in arranging a solution for them to travel back to home is evident to the bad government planning and the mismanagement of the covid 19 pandemic, resulting in a number of suicides by migrant workers, daily wage earners, alcoholics suffering from withdrawals. While many Indians stepped up to volunteer and help the people affected by lockdown and suicidal tendencies, the major donations went to the government which failed to reach the ones that needed it. The results of thesis suggests that the two most common suicides happening in indian society during covid pandemic were...
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Suicides at an all-time high in covid 19 pandemic ridden and post pandemic India
Gupta, Jayesh ; Kasal, Alexandr (advisor) ; Nekola, Martin (referee)
The entire globalized world became victims of the covid 19 pandemic, however, a number of other significant social problems like suicides got impacted by it and the lockdown. The suicide rate and annual number of suicides were already at a rising trend prior to the pandemic and reached an all-time high during the covid 19 pandemic in 2020. Emile Durkheim in his book on suicide called Le suicide identifies 4 types of suicides, they were also occurring in India mainly due to the covid 19 lockdown and its impacts and caused a significant damage along with mismanagement of the pandemic and bad government policies. The large-scale internal migration of helpless migrant workers due to the lockdown and the government's failure in arranging a solution for them to travel back to home is evident to the bad government planning and the mismanagement of the covid 19 pandemic, resulting in a number of suicides by migrant workers, daily wage earners, alcoholics suffering from withdrawals. While many Indians stepped up to volunteer and help the people affected by lockdown and suicidal tendencies, the major donations went to the government which failed to reach the ones that needed it.
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Implementation Barriers and Facilitators in Suicide Prevention Interventions: Implementation Analysis Optics
Kasal, Alexandr ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Dragomirecká, Eva (referee) ; Čermáková, Pavla (referee)
Introduction: This dissertation addresses the issue of implementation barriers and facilitators of suicide prevention measures in the context of the field of public and social policy. Implementation barriers and facilitators can be identified across the whole implementation process. This paper seeks to identify them in published scientific studies and contextualize them for the Czech environment through expert group interview. The thesis uses two theoretical frameworks, the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and the Conceptual Framework for Implementation Analysis (CFIA). The thesis simultaneously questions the suitability of these frameworks to achieve the aforementioned objectives and the possibility of synthesising these frameworks. Methods: Systematic literature review and group expert interview were conducted. The thesis applies the frameworks mentioned above to structure the results, with the CFIA serving as a supporting framework to categorize the results of the group expert interview that could not be assigned to the CFIR framework. Results: 63 relevant studies containing 239 implementation barriers and 405 implementation facilitators were identified through a systematic review. These were unevenly distributed across CFIR domains and constructs. In total, thirteen...
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Suicidality in CZ as public policy problem and prevention options
Kasal, Alexandr ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Dragomirecká, Eva (referee)
Suicide rate is above EU average in Czechia. At the same time, no initiative trying to solve this problem exist. Aim of this thesis is suggest content of suicide prevention policy suitable for Czech environment. Author adopts optics of evidence-based policy approach and in line with this, meta- review (systematic review of systematic reviews; MR) and group discussion were conducted. MR identified 73 potentially effective interventions, 47 (64%) of these were recommended for assessment for Czech context. These interventions were critically reviewed by seven experts and discussion resulted in set of comments and other relevant outputs. Results of MR and group discussion were then put together in relation to broader context and in this sense they represent optimal basis for complex suicide prevention policy in Czechia.
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The Issue of Availability of Psychotherapy Through the Lens of Key Stakeholders.
Lemonová, Lucie ; Kasal, Alexandr (advisor) ; Musílková, Markéta (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of availability of psychotherapy in the Czech Republic. The work analyzes the possible causes of unavailability of psychological services for their users and interprets the future of the system of providing mental health care with special emphasis on psychotherapy. To answer the research questions, semi-structured interviews were conducted with actors with different perspectives on the issue. The interviews provided not only a description and evaluation of the current and future state of the mental health care system, but also suggestions for its improvement. The conceptual and theoretical framework of the work consists of a model of actors generating the agenda in arenas (also known as the A-A- A model) and policy analysis. As the main factor influencing the availability of psychotherapy, respondents mentioned the generally poor systemic setting of its provision. However, respondents agreed that the Czech Republic is well placed to improve the overall system of mental health care through the ongoing Psychiatric Care Reform, which should respond to the shortcomings of the system through the strategy document Psychiatric Care Reform Strategy (2013). The National Action Plan for Mental Health is a document expanding the Strategy for the Reform of Psychiatric...
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Suicide preventive tools: an overview of the topic and evaluation by people with a history of suicidal ideation
Smrčková, Růžena ; Kasal, Alexandr (advisor) ; Rybová, Lucie (referee)
In the area of social media, suicide prevention needs to be improved. There are many social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. This fact indicates the growth of potential people in crisis online as users of social networks. Hand by hand with this reality goes the fact that the number of people using the internet is increasing. A significant part of social network users is formed by the age group 15 to 35 years. The second most common cause of death in the age group 15 to 29 years is suicide. This fact is also showing the value of suicide prevention improvement in the social media area. Other supporting information is that social media can provide a shield of anonymity. Therefore, anonymity affords confidence. Under this anonymity shield, the social network user can share a post with suicidal thoughts, but how can we recognise these signals with a lack of suicide prevention tools. Suicide prevention could increase its effectiveness if it focused more on social media like Facebook, Twitter or Instagram.
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Social Value and Social Return on Investment
Williams, Stacy ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Kasal, Alexandr (referee)
Social value incorporates economic, environmental, and social impact in public policy decision- making. Social Return on Investment (SROI) has emerged as a popular way to measure social value. SROI is a tool for nonprofit organizations and social enterprises to measure their impact and express it in a common economic unit. This study employed a systematic review approach to assess the quality of SROI reports in the advocacy and human rights sector. The goal of this study was to determine whether SROI can measure the broader social effects of a program. Findings indicate that SROI has been used primarily by health and social services and significantly less often by advocacy and human rights groups. As such, the methodology has not yet been robustly applied to study very broad social effects associated with advocacy and human rights interventions. The social outcomes are usually captured qualitatively and not often quantitatively. Further, the social outcomes are rarely monetized due to a lack of financial proxies. SROI would benefit from being applied to a robust advocacy or human rights program, specifically focusing on broad social effects.
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Potential synergies in suicide prevention interventions in Czechia
Vávra, Vojtěch ; Kasal, Alexandr (advisor) ; Tušková, Eva (referee)
In this bachelor thesis the author discusses the synergistic effect of suicide prevention interventions in the Czech Republic and the view experts have on these interventions. This work thus provides an overview of how the interaction of different interventions is mapped and what is known about it, while also providing insights into the prevention of suicide in the Czech Republic overall. Attention is also paid to what the literature says about this interaction, which is used as part of a non-systematic research involving basic knowledge about the issue of suicide. The theoretical part focuses on bringing the reader up to date with the theoretical basis of this work, the research carried out, and the basic concepts with which this work operates. In practical part, the author focuses on his qualitative research, which provides answers to research questions, and in which the primary data was obtained by means of semi-structured interviews conducted with experts in the field of study; this work is then framed by secondary data, which consists of scientific literature and direct policy formulations in the form of public policy papers. The conclusion of this work compiles these data and illustrates how the Czech Republic stands on preventing suicide and whether or not these preventive measures work...
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Suicidality in CZ as public policy problem and prevention options
Kasal, Alexandr ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Dragomirecká, Eva (referee)
Suicide rate is above EU average in Czechia. At the same time, no initiative trying to solve this problem exist. Aim of this thesis is suggest content of suicide prevention policy suitable for Czech environment. Author adopts optics of evidence-based policy approach and in line with this, meta- review (systematic review of systematic reviews; MR) and group discussion were conducted. MR identified 73 potentially effective interventions, 47 (64%) of these were recommended for assessment for Czech context. These interventions were critically reviewed by seven experts and discussion resulted in set of comments and other relevant outputs. Results of MR and group discussion were then put together in relation to broader context and in this sense they represent optimal basis for complex suicide prevention policy in Czechia.
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Marijuana use amongst people older than fifty years and dynamics of rules developed around that usage
Kasal, Alexandr ; Morávek, Jan (advisor) ; Čada, Karel (referee)
Bachelor thesis "The use of marijuana by persons over fifty years and the dynamics of rules developed around this use", which is based on the theory of controlled drug use, focusing on users of marijuana over fifty years. Focusing on their cannabis user career on changing patterns of use over time and with the main focus on rules that arise around the use of cannabis. These rules are then analyzed with focus on their dynamics - from their formation up to the eventual giving up those rules. Three frequently mentioned concepts by interwieved are "drug ", "set" and "setting". They are a major component of the rules and such factors which respondents engaged in efforts to reach a pleasant state of intoxication without negative consequences. To investigate the phenomenon of dynamic of rules around marijuana use, eight qualitative interviews were made (instructed interview) (Hendl 2005). Data were then analyzed using grounded theory method. In the final part of the text is presented dynamics scheme rules with regard to the various intervening conditions.
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