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Description of Xenopus tropicalis pre-Sertoli cells in tissue culture
Ševčíková Jonáková, Jana ; Tlapáková, Tereza (advisor) ; Drda Morávková, Alena (referee)
5 Abstract Xenopus tropicalis is an important model organism used in developmental and cell biology. Long term primary mixed cell culture, derived from juvenile testis of Xenopus tropicalis, is the first tissue culture of this specie. Characterization of this tissue culture is important for its further handling and subsequent experiments. The culture is composed of Sertoli cell precursors. Feeder layer of this cells enables long term germinal stem cell cultivation. Influence of condicioned medium plays important role during the cell culture cultivation. Result of this task approved effect of condicioned medium for cell culture growth. Cell culture and testis gene expression analyse revealed, that in process of Sertoli cell differentiation many growth and differentiation factors are involved. Presence of marker genes has been approved by RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. This in vitro system can contribute to clarification of different roles of pre-Sertoli and Sertoli cells in testis differentiation, and therefore it establishes a new spermatogenesis model offering the possibility to distinguish parts of the pre-Sertoli and Sertoli cells differentiation, which is difficult in mammal models. Keywords: Xenopus tropicalis, tissue culture, pre-Sertoli cells, Sertoli cells, testicular differentiation, gene expression
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Gene mutations affecting the development of human testes
Macháčová, Simona ; Šebková, Nataša (advisor) ; Ševčíková Jonáková, Jana (referee)
Development of mammalian sex organs is remarkable process. Both ovaries and testes rise from the same precursor but then differentiate into morphologically and functionally different structure. The determining factors that decide the fate of undifferentiated structures are not just the genes themselves but also the timing of transcription regulatory genes and specific amount of their products. Development of male and female gonads manages a large set of regulatory genes that interact with each other. Together it forms the gene regulatory network. Crucial role in male sex differentiation plays an SRY gene which regulates the time and quantity of the other factors expression. Even slight errors (mutations) in genes sequences of regulatory genes could change their expression. This leads to disruption of the development of sex organs or even death of the whole organism. Naturally occurring mutations and their phenotype in humans are suitable for studies of gene sex regulatory factors. Thanks to these studies we are able to detect the cause of many birth defects what is a first step toward their eventual treatment.
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Description of Xenopus tropicalis pre-Sertoli cells in tissue culture
Ševčíková Jonáková, Jana ; Tlapáková, Tereza (advisor) ; Drda Morávková, Alena (referee)
5 Abstract Xenopus tropicalis is an important model organism used in developmental and cell biology. Long term primary mixed cell culture, derived from juvenile testis of Xenopus tropicalis, is the first tissue culture of this specie. Characterization of this tissue culture is important for its further handling and subsequent experiments. The culture is composed of Sertoli cell precursors. Feeder layer of this cells enables long term germinal stem cell cultivation. Influence of condicioned medium plays important role during the cell culture cultivation. Result of this task approved effect of condicioned medium for cell culture growth. Cell culture and testis gene expression analyse revealed, that in process of Sertoli cell differentiation many growth and differentiation factors are involved. Presence of marker genes has been approved by RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. This in vitro system can contribute to clarification of different roles of pre-Sertoli and Sertoli cells in testis differentiation, and therefore it establishes a new spermatogenesis model offering the possibility to distinguish parts of the pre-Sertoli and Sertoli cells differentiation, which is difficult in mammal models. Keywords: Xenopus tropicalis, tissue culture, pre-Sertoli cells, Sertoli cells, testicular differentiation, gene expression
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Zoorehabilitation and activities with animals for personality development and preventation of social-patology phenomenons
JONÁKOVÁ, Jana
ABSTRACT The zoorehabilitation is a branch coming into existence only at present despite the fact that people have been aware of beneficial effects of contacts with animals from time immemorial. The idea of using animals for treatment dates back to the 18th century when William Tuke, an English doctor, encouraged the use of animals in mental hospitals. In particular he recommended dogs, goats and hens. He assumed that patients can learn the self-control by talking care of animals that are weaker than them. Moreover, the animals played an important role during the Second World War when they were taken in hospitals to help injured soldiers. By dissipating the soldiers` sombre thoughts they had a positive effect on the soldiers` psyche, increasing thus the soldiers` chances for recovery. The research shows that animals directly influence the man on the biopsychosocial level. People who owned any animals lived for a longer time in comparions with those who had never had any animals at home. Any contact with animals, if perceived by the man positively, calms, slows down the pulse rate and reduces the blood pressure, relieves the tension, facilitates the communication, compensates missing abilities of the man. In the theoretical part of the Bachelor thesis, terms used in zoorehabilitation have been explained and further opportunities of using this rehabilitation technique have been outlined. A special attention has been paid to the identification of opportunities for the use of the zoorehabilitation as a socio-pathological phenomena prevention method. The main aim of the Bachelor thesis is to map out possibilities of zoorehabilitation and activities with animals and outline its further development and use oportunities, especially in the area of prevention. The output of the practical part of the Bachelor thesis is represented by qualitative research results obtained on the basis of document and secondary data analysis methods, involved observations, semi-standardised interviews and the CAMI method. The research has revealed potential ways of using this rehabilitation technique for a personality development and presented it as a nonviolent and effective method within the socio-pathological phenomena prevention.
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