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Influence of surfactants and cosmetic polysaccharides on skin parameters and human skin microbiome
Pilipenco, Alina ; Hurčíková, Andrea (referee) ; Ilona,, Matějková (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis was to investigate the effect of surfactants and cosmetic polysaccharides on skin parameters and its microbiome. Three surfactants were tested to determine their effect: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB), Decylglucoside (DG). Distilled water was also used for comparison. For the next part of the experimental work were selected 6 polysaccharides: high molecular weight Hyaluronic Acid (HMW HA), very low molecular weight Hyaluronic Acid (VLMW HA), Sodium Caproyl Hyaluronate (CaproylHA), Sodium Carboxymethyl -Glucan (NaCMG), Schizophyllan and Glucomannan. For comparison, placebo and untreated control (only CAPB treatment) were also included in the tests. The first part of the work is a literature search on the assigned topic, which contains the following parts: skin anatomy and its biophysical properties, skin microbiome and its functions, description of used surfactants and polysaccharides. The experimental part is mainly focused on bioengineering methods for evaluation of skin parameters and qRT-PCR to determine the relative proportion of main bacterial species of skin microbiome. First, the effect on the CT gene of 16S rDNA was analysed, and Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains were selected for further analysis. In conclusion are presented an overview of all properties of selected substances and assessment of their application in cosmetics.
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Hydrogels amino-dextran-surfactant: phase diagram
Daňková, Kristýna ; Hurčíková, Andrea (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with a study about hydrogel systems based on the physical interactions of the oppositely charged particles, specifically interactions between positive polyelectrolyte and negative detergent. The phase diagrams were created based on the visual evaluation of results of the laboratory experiment, which is a part of this thesis, for in advance chosen concentration of the polymer diethylaminoethyl-dextran hydrochloride and detergents sodium dodecyl sulphate and sodium tetradecyl sulphate. These phase diagrams characterize incurred dextran systems.
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Characterization catanionic vesicular system by HRUS
Kopřivová, Hana ; Sovová, Šárka (referee) ; Hurčíková, Andrea (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is about catanionic vesicular systems, which could serve as carriers of drugs or genes in the future. These systems are prepared from the cationic surfactants CTAB and DDAC, the anionic surfactant SDS and cholesterol, which serves as a stabilizer. In the experimental part, these vesicles were characterized by high-resolution ultrasonic spectroscopy. The behavior of systems with different percentages of cholesterol was monitored. As next, the temperature properties of the vesicles were studied using temperature scans between 10 °C and 65 °C. The density of the samples was examined by densitometry at temperatures of 25 °C and at a human body temperature of 37 °C.
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Influence of particle size of cosmetic pigments on final properties product
Obručová, Kateřina ; Hurčíková, Andrea (referee) ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on the study of the influence of the of size cosmetics pigments on the properties of the final product. This effect was studied on samples of make-up given by industry partner. Make-up samples were measured by the rheology method and the yield stress of all samples was determined. Scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the size and shape of the pigment particles. Particle size was also measured by dynamic light scattering, but the results were influenced by forming aggregates. To easier determination of the types of pigments in the sample was determined elemental composition of the pigments (Ti, Fe, O, Al) by EDS detector. Due to the unknown composition of make-up, the information was supplemented by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, and it was possible to determine the compounds TiO2 (anatase and rutile), FeOOH and Fe2O3. The results obtained by these methods showed what pigments can be found in make-up samples, what their sizes and shapes are. It has been shown that the smaller the pigments are, the higher the viscosity and yield stress of the final product. The higher these quantities, the harder it is to handle the product.
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The characterisation of surfactant CAE
Obršlíková, Monika ; Pekař, Miloslav (referee) ; Hurčíková, Andrea (advisor)
CAE is a cationic surfactant derived from DL-Pyrrolidone Carboxylate, L-Arginine and a fatty acid. This surfactant is mainly used in the cosmetic industry. The exact value of critical micellar concentration of CAE is not known yet. In this research there were examined ultrasonic velocity, density, surface tension and scattered light intensity of CAE solutions in ultra-pure deionized water, in 10mM NaCl, 100mM NaCl and 150mM NaCl.
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Utilization of methods of physicochemical and structural analysis in characterization of biosurfactants
Nešpor, Tomáš ; Hurčíková, Andrea (referee) ; Sedláček, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the very actual topic of biosurfactants. In the theoretical part of the thesis, a literature review on this topic was carried out and on the basis of this research, physicochemical and structural analysis techniques suitable for testing these substances were selected. In the practical part, the model biosurfactants were first characterized by standard methods used to study these compounds. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry was chosen as a standard technique of structural analysis. As an example of a universal technique for the study of aggregation behavior was used tensiometry. In the next part of the thesis there were designed and optimized alternative techniques usable for fast and inexpensive physicochemical analysis of these substances. It was mainly a microplate assay and its modified alternatives. Thus, the methods of low sample consumption, but also effective in confirming the presence and a possible amount determination of the biosurfactant content in the solution. The result of this work is a few simple methods that have been proven effective in studying biosurfactants.
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Utilization of Light Scattering for the Study on the Structural and Conformation Changes during the Interaction of Biopolymers
Dobiášová, Andrea ; Hurčíková, Andrea (referee) ; Kalina, Michal (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to study structural and conformation changes during the interaction of biopolymers by ligth scattering methods. This study was focused on hyaluronic acid with two molecular weights 250 – 450 kDa and 1500 – 1750 kDa, on sodium alginate and dextran hydrochloride (DEAE). NaCl, CaCl2 and BSA were used as interacting agents. Simple physical-chemical methods, like UV-VIS spectrometry, dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering, were used in experimental part. The main used method for these purposes was size exclusion chromatography coupled with light scattering and viscosimetry detectors. The studied characteristics of experiment were molecular weight, gyration and hydrodynamic radius, zeta potential and coefficients of conformation and Mark-Howinks diagrams. Interactions have been proved between negatively charged polyelectrolytes and additives. NaCl practically did not interact with any polysaccharide, only increasing ionic strength. Positively charged dextran interacted only with the BSA, despite having the same charge.
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Characterization of carrageenan by densitometry
Poledňáková, Halina ; Krouská, Jitka (referee) ; Hurčíková, Andrea (advisor)
The density of the carrageenan solution was investigated by densitometry depending on temperature and concentration. Subsequently, ultrasonic velocity was examined using densitometry and high-resolution ultrasonic spectroscopy. The measurements were executed using aqueous and sodium chloride solutions of carrageenan in a broad range of concentrations. It was found that the carrageenan samples are not liable to irreversible changes of density and ultrasonic velocity in dependence on temperature and concentration . Furthermore, it was proved that carrageenan in both mediums is stable, the samples do not exhibit degradation or changes in the properties of the ionic strength effect.
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The intrecations of dextran with surfactant SDS
Marčanová, Milada ; Kalina, Michal (referee) ; Hurčíková, Andrea (advisor)
Before the itself of characterization interactions of dextran with surfactant SDS, there were investigated properties of dextran solution in water and in sodium chloride. At first it was measured by densitometer, where their density and ultrasonic velocity was investigated, depending on concentration and temperature. The ultrasonic velocity was further measured by high resolution ultrasonic spectroscopy. Subsequently the interactions of dextran with surfactant SDS was examined to determine the critical aggregation and critical micelle concentration.
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