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Biomarkers of subchondral bone damage caused by inflammation in axial spondyloarthritis.
Bubová, Kristýna ; Pavelka, Karel (advisor) ; Horák, Pavel (referee) ; Hrnčíř, Zbyněk (referee)
Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease affecting primarily the spine and its adjacent structures. The disease is characterized not only by destructive joint changes but also by excessive osteoproduction, which can lead to gradual ankylosis of the spine and thus significantly reduce the mobility and quality of life. The pathogenesis of the disease is not yet fully understood, but a strong genetic background is suggested, along with dysregulation of tissue metabolism resulting from an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory immune mechanisms. We are still lacking biomarker with sufficient sensitivity and specificity which could help to identify early diagnosis, to monitor subchondral damage, and to differentiate rapidly progressing patients. The aim of this work was to determine the levels of potential biomarkers of connective tissue metabolism, fat metabolism and new promising biomarkers for both disease subtypes, their relationship to disease activity and progressive structural changes. Results: We have shown increased serum/plasma levels of connective tissue metabolism biomarkers (especially matrix metalloproteinase mediated metabolites), which were able to differentiate patients with early and late forms of axSpA from healthy individuals (HC), were...
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Vliv provenience Dodonaea angustifolia na klíčení a růst této dřeviny vhodné pro protierozní opatření v okolí jezera Awassa
Horák, Pavel
The bachelor thesis is focused on issues of Dodonaea angustifolia and its using for erosion control around Lake Awassa in Ethiopia. There is a theoretical part, where materials about this specimen are collected, about location and previous erosion control projects of MENDELU. In next part data about experimentally germinated individuals from different provenances with using various ways of stratification have been introduced. Based on this data most suitable provenance and way of stratification for direct sowing has been chosen. Statistically significant differences of the observed parameters occurred only in five cases. Seed treatment most often resulted in increased biomass in seedlings from treated seed. For use during anti-erosion measures, it seems that Umbulo Kajima is the best proveniency.
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The effect of physical activity interventions on the course and activity of selected rheumatic diseases
Špiritović, Maja ; Tomčík, Michal (advisor) ; Horák, Pavel (referee) ; Soukup, Tomáš (referee)
Introduction: This work focused on two rare rheumatic diseases systemic sclerosis (SSc) and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Skin and musculoskeletal involvement in patients with SSc leads to disability and loss of functional abilities of an individual. Chronic inflammation of the muscles, subsequent muscle atrophy and permanent muscle damage in patients with IIM are the cause of a decrease in muscle strength and endurance. Moreover, both diseases also affect internal organs and manifest often with impaired lung and heart function. All of these involvements in both diseases lead to a decrease in the quality of life of patients. The data on efficacy of non-pharmacological care in SSc and IIM are very limited due to the heterogeneity of the studied interventions and/or outcomes. However, due to limitations in pharmacological therapy, non-pharmacological interventions could help bring patients back into their everyday life and improve their quality of life. Objectives: The main objective of this project was to evaluate the impact of physical intervention on disease course and activity in a substantial number of SSc and IIM patients, with the aim of minimizing the limitations of available studies, thereby improving the quality and reliability of the obtained results. Methods: This is a...
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The impact and influence of Action Commitees of the National Front in the chosen districts of Eastern Bohemia
Horák, Pavel
HORÁK Pavel, The impact and influence of Action Commitees of the National Front in the chosen districts of North-eastern Bohemia. Hradec Králové: Faculty of Arts, University of Hradec Králové, 2017, 257 p. Doctoral Dissertation. This doctoral dissertation is focused on impact and influence of Action Comittees of the National front (AC NF) in these districts: Hradec Králové, Náchod, Nový Bydžov and Trutnov in 1948- 1954. Based on analysis and comparation followed of the process of formation working of the AC NF in the chosen districts and the work reveals some local features which essentialy influenced National Front Action Committees working on regional basis. The aim of the dissertation is to contribute to better understanding of the issue of National Front Action Committee and to complete the gaps in history of the districts mentioned above. The author paid attention on the creation of AC NF itself, consequences of its decisions to local inhabitants but also difficulties which AC NF had to deal with. The issue of NF elements and their mutual co- working with Action Committee takes a big part in this work. Keywords: National Front Action Committees, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, National Front, February 1948, Hradec Králové, Náchod, Nový Bydžov, Trutnov, North-eastern Bohemia, Czechoslovakia 1948-1954
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Importance of Concomitant Fibromyalgia in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus
Tomš, Jan ; Malý, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Pavelka, Karel (referee) ; Horák, Pavel (referee)
Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic syndrom characterized by dysfunction of pain processing and regulation. It occurs relatively often in concomitance with the connective tissue diseases (CTD), in particular rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). FM may be involved in their final clinical manifestation and may have important consequencies for diagnosis and treatment. Objectives: To examine frequency of FM in the prime CTD, FM impact on their clinical manifestation and relationship to assessment of the clinical activity in regional, monocentric, cross- sectional, descriptive study. Methods: Study groups of 120 adult patients with RA, 91 with SLE, 30 with polymyositis/ dermatomyositis (PM/DM) and 28 with systemic sclerosis (SSc) were evaluated. Each patient was examined on the presence of concomitant FM according to ACR (American College of Rheumatology) classification criteria (1990). The following data were recorded: sociodemographic data, history including comorbidities, contemporary immunosupressive and analgesic therapy, laboratory parameters (serum inflammatory markers, relevant autoantibodies). Pain, fatigue and muskuloskeletal stiffness were assessed on horizontal 100 mm visual analogue scale. Patients' function status was evaluated using HAQ (Health...
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Modeling Sound Field in Closed Space at Low Frequencies
Hořák, Pavel ; Kiska, Tomáš (referee) ; Schimmel, Jiří (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with issues of low frequency acoustics and simulation. In this work the FTDT method of simulation is used. Measuring and simulation are focused on live-sound system and are evaluated using basic sound system optimisation techniques. Main output of this work is verification of basic low-frequency acoustics principles using simulation and measuring.
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Instrumentation for study of nanomaterials in NPI REZ (New laboratory for material study in Nuclear Physics Institute in REZ)
Bejšovec, Václav ; Cannavó, Antonino ; Ceccio, Giovanni ; Hnatowicz, Vladimír ; Horák, Pavel ; Lavrentiev, Vasyl ; Macková, Anna ; Tomandl, Ivo ; Torrisi, Alfio ; Vacík, Jiří
Nano-sized materials become irreplaceable component of a number of devices for every aspect of human life. The development of new materials and deepening of the current knowledge require a set of specialized techniques-deposition methods for preparation/modification of the materials and analytical tools for proper understanding of their properties. A thoroughly equipped research centers become the requirement for the advance and development not only in nano-sized field. The Center of Accelerators and Nuclear Analytical Methods (CANAM) in the Nuclear Physics Institute (NPI) comprises a unique set of techniques for the synthesis or modification of nanostructured materials and systems, and their characterization using ion beam, neutron beam and microscopy imaging techniques. The methods are used for investigation of a broad range of nano-sized materials and structures based on metal oxides, nitrides, carbides, carbon-based materials (polymers, fullerenes, graphenes, etc.) and nano-laminate composites (MAX phases). These materials can be prepared at NPI using ion beam sputtering, physical vapor deposition and molecular beam epitaxy. Based on the deposition method and parameters, the samples can be tuned to possess specific properties, e.g., composition, thickness (nm-μm), surface roughness, optical and electrical properties, etc. Various nuclear analytical methods are applied for the sample characterization. RBS, RBS-channeling, PIXE, PIGE, micro-beam analyses and Transmission Spectroscopy are accomplished at the Tandetron 4130MC accelerator, and additionally the Neutron Depth Profiling (NDP) and Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation (PGNA) analyses are performed at an external neutron beam from the LVR-15 research reactor. The multimode AFM facility provides further surface related information, magnetic/electrical properties with nano-metric precision, nano-indentation, etc.
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Study of lithium encapsulation in porous membrane using ion and neutron beams
Ceccio, Giovanni ; Cannavó, Antonino ; Horák, Pavel ; Torrisi, Alfio ; Tomandl, Ivo ; Hnatowicz, Vladimír ; Vacík, Jiří
Ion track-etched membranes are porous systems obtained by etching of the latent ion tracks using a suitable etchant solution. In this work, control of the pores' spatial profiles and dimensions in PET polymers was achieved by varying etching temperature and etching time. For determination of the pores' shape, Ion Transmission Spectroscopy technique was employed. In this method, alterations of the energy loss spectra of the transmitted ions reflect alterations in the material density of the porous foils, as well as alterations of their thickness. Simulation code, developed by the team, allowed the tomographic study of the ion track 3D geometry and its evolution during chemical etching. From the doping of porous membranes with lithium-based solution and its analysis by Thermal Neutron Depth Profiling method, the ability of porous PET membranes to encapsulate nano-sized material was also inspected. The study is important for various applications, e.g., for catalysis, active agents, biosensors, etc.
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Production and characterization of micro-size pores for ion track etching applications
Cannavó, Antonino ; Havránek, Vladimír ; Lavrentiev, Vasyl ; Torrisi, L. ; Cutroneo, Mariapompea ; Ceccio, Giovanni ; Torrisi, Alfio ; Horák, Pavel ; Vacík, Jiří
For many years the applications of ion track etch materials have increased considerably, like charged particles detection, molecular identification with nanopores, ion track filters, magnetic studies with nanowires and so on. Over the materials generally used as track detector, the Poly-Allyl-Diglycol Carbonate (PADC), offers many advantages, like its nearly 100 % detection efficiency for charged particle, a high resistance to harsh environment, the lowest detection threshold, a high abrasion resistance and a low production costs. All of these properties have made it particularly attractive material, even if due to its brittleness, obtaining a thin film (less than 500 μm) is still a challenge. In this work, PADC foils have been exposed to a-particles emitted by a thin radioactive source of 241Am and to C ions from the Tandetron 4130 MC accelerator. The latent tracks generated in the polymer have been developed using a standard etching procedure in 6.25 NaOH solution. The dependence of the ion tracks' geometry on the ion beam energy and fluence has been evaluated combining the information obtained through a semiautomatic computer script that selects the etched ion tracks according to their diameter and mean grey value and nanometric resolution images by atomic force microscopy.
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Laser-generated nanoparticles to change physical properties of solids, liquids and gases
Torrisi, Alfio ; Cutroneo, Mariapompea ; Ceccio, Giovanni ; Cannavó, Antonino ; Horák, Pavel ; Torrisi, L. ; Vacík, Jiří
Synthesis of nanoparticles was possible employing a Nd: YAG pulsed laser at fundamental harmonic. The production of nanoparticles in water depends mainly on the laser parameters (pulse duration, energy, wavelength), the irradiation conditions (focal spot, repetition rate, irradiation time) and the medium where the ablation occurs (solid target, water, solution concentration). The nanoparticles can be introduced in solids, liquids or gases to change many physical characteristics. The optical properties of polymers and solutions, the wetting ability of liquids, the electron density of laser-generated plasma, represent some examples that can be controlled by the concentration of metallic nanoparticles (Au, Ag, Ti, Cu). Some bio-medical applications will be presented and discussed.
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