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Aplikace nástrojů hospodářské politiky v oblasti managementu přírodních zdrojů se zvláštním zaměřením na koncept ekosystémových služeb
Louda, Jiří ; Jílková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Geuss, Erik (referee) ; van Koten, Silvester (referee)
The dissertation deals with application of economic approaches and instruments in natural resource management. The paper puts a special emphasis on the developing concept of ecosystem services (mainly abroad) and its application in the Czech Republic's context. The objective of the thesis is to cultivate academic discussion of the importance of methods employed in environmental economics for application of economic policy tools in natural resource management in the Czech Republic's context and, among other things, to clarify whether (and if so, how) the concept of ecosystem services may contribute to the formulation of these tools. The paper also discusses possible limitations of using purely quantitative econometric methods in environmental policy. The dissertation is designed as a cumulative paper. The results of five scholarly articles presented document that application of economic approaches (such as valuation of environmental goods and services) may contribute to efficient meeting of environmental policy goals and that the ecosystem service concept brings new capabilities for application of economic theories in practical natural resource management. One of the new instruments grounded in this concept is the payments for ecosystem services, increasingly implemented abroad. However, the research results also point out the fact that isolated application of outcomes from quantitative environmental goods and services/ecosystems assessment methods has its limitations and may lead to design of measures and tools that will not have the desired effect. The recommendation is therefore to combine outcomes from quantitative methods with qualitative approaches (such as institutional analysis or stakeholder analysis).
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ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CHANGE OF VEHICLE FLEET FROM CLASSIC TO ALTERNATIVE FUELS
Růžičková, Tereza ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Branžovský, Antonín (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with clean mobility, which becomes one of the current topics of today's society. Limited oil reserves and the state of the environment leads the goverments of developer countries to introduce alternative fuels in transport. The aim of the thesis is to clarify the economic costs and benefits of the practical application of clean mobility and to answer the question if the using of alternative fuels is economically rational. The Response is influenced by many factors and depends on the type of alternative fuel, the legislative framework of the country, the society awareness and others. Strength of the CNG's alternative fuel is mainly the lower fuel cost as well as for electromobility. The weakness of these fuels is the insufficient accessibility network of filling / charging places. An economic analysis of vehicle fleet modification of the Czech Environmental Inspectorate demonstrates that, under the current conditions, it is less costly to operate a vehicle with CNG alternative fuel. It is valid as well when the social cost of emissions are included.
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Trust and Environmental Regulations
Hlaváček, Jan ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Macháč, Jan (referee)
This thesis analyzes impact of social trust on environmental regulations stringency. Negative effect is suggested. Thesis documents that, in a cross section of countries, there is no evidence of such an effect. On the other hand, there is evidence of positive impact of GDP per capita and level of education.
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Economic analysis of passive houses
Řezníčková, Tereza ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Branžovský, Antonín (referee)
The master thesis deals with passive houses and their profitability's economic analysis. The thesis focuses on both new buildings and renovations, which have the greatest potential for energy savings in the building's sector. The cost-effectiveness of proposed measures is evaluated using the example of reconstruction of an existing house with passive and low-energy standard. Low-energy option of reconstruction is more profitable from an investor's perspective than the passive one. At 4% annual growth in energy prices, both options become comparable. The result of the calculation is not generally applicable. The profitability always depends on a specific building and various measures. Besides the cost-effectiveness, the investor's decision about an investment is also influenced by an increasing level of living comfort, subsidies and environmental protection.
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Voluntary approaches to the environmental protection and their use within enterprise
Kuchta, Jiří ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Hadrabová, Alena (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of voluntary approaches to the environmental protection, it firstly describes the importance of protecting the environment, further regulation of environmental protection and possible approaches to environmental protection in the context of social development. Subsequently, attention is also paid to voluntary approaches to the environmental protection, namely the basic division of voluntary approaches to environmental management systems, environmental labeling, eco-design, cleaner production, all-out quality management and environmental management accounting. In the practical part of the text were evaluated voluntary approaches to environmental protection in selected companies, namely Unilever and Hochtief, through the realization of my research was mainly detected, whether the company was, is or will be, effective introduction of voluntary approaches to environmental protection or not, i.e. what are the motives of the company for the introduction and implementation of these voluntary approaches.
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Analysis of collective systems and their possible impacts to photovoltaics
Karasová, Markéta ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Branžovský, Antonín (referee)
Diploma work analyzes the collective systems which are solving the disposal of photovoltaic's panels, classified as electrical equipment subject to recollection since last year, and tries to get answer to question if the collective systems should ensure a smooth disposal. Biggest wave of disposal photovoltaic's panels is expected in the next 15 -- 20 years. Operators and manufacturers have a statutory obligation to pay a fee, for every kilogram of photovoltaic's panels.The question under consideration is the check of the collective systems setting and also, comparative analysis of collective systems which are dealing with disposal of photovoltaic's panels and other electrical equipment. Furthermore, the survey conducted and processed according to the conclusions of the various groups (collective systems operators, operators of PV plants, lawmakers, and public) and also, the analysis of systems is presented.
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Analysis of normative instruments of regulation within ecological policy on the example of EU Directive on industrial emissions.
Turková, Andrea ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Branžovský, Antonín (referee)
Within the frame of the ecological policy, there exists a number of instruments for a protection of environment and to solve problems related to it. Single types of instruments are established on diferent principles which leads to long-lasting arguments of economists on fitness or unfitness for purpose. At the application of administrative instruments of regulation, as it is described by neoclassical economy theory, a question arises, if this strict solution is effective and practical in light of meeting targets of the environmental policy. Arguments which hold the view that the EU Directive on industrial emissions in the metallurgy sector implementation, as an above mentioned administrative instrument, is effective and practical can be displaced in case of comparison with well set alternative instrument - marketable emission licences.
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Analysis of determinants of production functions and environmental regulation and its impact on air pollution with a perspective of partial equilibrium model
Račan, Martin ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Branžovský, Antonín (referee)
The diploma thesis covers themes of pollution intensity of production, informal environmental regulation and voluntary approaches. The theoretical part of thesis consists of main theories and empirical results of environmental regulation and impacts on manufacturing production. In the practical part author presents the econometric model of emission intensity equilibria is designed. Plants observations are gathered from IRZ registry in period 2005-2011 and air pollution is proxied by PM10 and C8H8 emissions. Following econometric analysis of emission intensity equilibria measures an influence by factors of production function and environmental regulation variables on intensity. As results have shown, significance of factors such as voluntary approaches, IPPC and socio-economic specifics haven't been proved. On the other hand statistically significant factors are firm's size and average wage of employees.
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Analysis of regulatory impact assesment on specific environmental legislative act proposal
Kopřiva, Martin ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Jílková, Jiřina (referee)
This thesis is comparing impacts defined by Regulatory impact assessment (RIA) with real impacts discovered with online survey related to the specific Czech environmental legislative act. There is described RIA, experience with RIA in Czech and comparison of development and experience of RIA in EU and USA. As a result, comparison of the impacts within RIA and the ones identified by the survey is that real impacts are different from the predicted ones within RIA. The summary of this thesis is that process RIA is alright but accuracy of predicted impacts is dependent on RIA processor, rigorousness and complexity of RIA.
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Practical application of non market evaluation on example of public green on Prague 15
Adámková, Veronika ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Branžovský, Antonín (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is application of non market evaluation on particular example of public green in Prague 15 and considering the possibility of using this method by public sector. Decisions of public sector aren't often transparent and systematic, in this study is proposed, how such a decision would be going on, if it was based on economic theory. First part of this study is concentrated on typology of goods, theory of non market evaluation and choice of the method applied on a particular example of a public green. Analytical part of this study contains description of application of contingent evaluation that estimates willingness to pay for a preservation and improvement of a public green. The last part of the study contains discussion of possibility of using this method by public sector.
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