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Male mortality excess by causes of death in selected European countries in 2000-2013 period
Knížová, Karolína ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Male mortality excess by causes of death in selected European countries in 2000-2013 period Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyse and to evaluate current differences in mortality between males and females in selected European countries by causes of death. The thesis tries to capture the main features of so-called male mortality excess, and also tries to find its specifics in each individual state. Selected countries (the Czech Republic, Sweden, France and Spain) represent individual European macro-regions. The analyzed causes of death (neoplasms, diseases of nervous system, diseases of circulatory system, diseases of respiratory system and external causes) were selected based on the highest difference in the proportion of standardized mortality rates in total mortality between males and females. In the analytical part of the thesis, the methods of standardization, mortality tables and Pollard's two-dimensional decomposition of the difference in life expectancy at birth between males and females are used. To illustrate the situation of male mortality excess on the different groups of causes of death, contour plots of contributions to the difference in life expectancy at birth between males and females were created. The most significant differences in life expectancy between males and females were...
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Population development in the political district of Kutná Hora in the period of 1880-1910
Nováková, Iveta ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Velková, Alice (referee)
Population development in the political district of Kutná Hora in the period of 1880-1910 Abstract This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of population development in the political district of Kutna Hora during years 1880-1910. The political district of Kutna Hora was divided in two judicial districts - Kutna Hora and Uhlirske Janovice. The area of Kutna Hora belonged to the Czech regions where changes of ongoing demographic revolution were implemented very soon. This was thanks to the district town where more job opportunities in industry and services occurred. The judicial district of Uhlirske Janovice belonged to the regions oriented more on agriculture. Handcraft and glass industry were traditional for the villages in this region. Keywords: Population development, structure of population, Historical demography, Political District of Kutna Hora, Birthrate, Mortality, Marriage rate, Population increase
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Regional differentiation of fertility according to legitimacy in the Czech Republic, 1993-2012
Říhová, Kristýna ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee)
Regional differentiation of fertility according to legitimacy in the Czech Republic, 1993-2012 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze the evolution of marital and extra-marital fertility in the Czech Republic between 1993-2012. In addition to a brief overview of the Czech Republic, the focus is on data for the districts. To demonstrate the developments and comparisons, we selected the starting and ending years and also the years 1999 and 2008. Thus, the years in when the least and the most children were born. Because of different numbers of births during the years surveyed between individual districts, comparisons of percentages of births were chosen. We have demonstrated that there are differences between districts and larger proportion of children who were born outside of marriage, especially single mothers in the districts in the northwest, the north, and the northeast of the Czech Republic. These data were illustrated in using cartograms with the help of ArcMac. We also focused on the relationship between the birth order of the child and the mother's marital status. Here, we demonstrated that the share of children born to single mothers is higher in children of the firstborn than of the second- and third- born. Keywords: Marital and extra-marital fertility, mother's marital status, birth order,...
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The Spanish Flu Pandemic 1918/19 with particular reference to the Bohemian Lands and Central European relations
Salfellner, Harald ; Hlaváčková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee) ; Pock, Lumír (referee)
Charles University First Medical Faculty Study programme: History of Medicine Summary of dissertation The Spanish Flu Pandemic 1918/19 with particular reference to the Bohemian Lands and Central European relations Dr. med. univ. Harald Salfellner Prague, 2017 Summary Towards the end of the First World War, in 1918 and 1919, humanity faced a previously unparalleled flu pandemic; within a few months, more people had been killed than in all the battles of the 1914-18 war put together. The precise number of victims is unknown but is today generally reckoned at between 20 and 50 million. The whole world was affected by the Spanish flu, with the exception of a few remote islands, and Europe, already bled to death by industrialised warfare, was particularly hard hit. In summer 1918, the pandemic reached Bohemia in an early, relatively benign wave. A few weeks later, thousands were struck down in Prague in a second and far more deadly phase of the illness. In October 1918, as the First Czechoslovakian Republic arose from the ashes of the multiethnic Austrian state, and the masses celebrated in the cities, thousands of feverish patients were coughing behind drawn curtains, and facing an uncertain fate. In the USA, the flu pandemic - the greatest health disaster of the 20th century - has been the subject of many...
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Composition of Population, Families and Households in Chodsko at the End of the 19th Century
Oplatková, Barbora ; Velková, Alice (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Composition of Population, Families and Households in Chodsko at the End of the 19th Century Abstract The knowledge of historical life of population is very important. This thesis is historical-demographic research of Chodsko in the second half of the 19th century. The main aim of this thesis is to compare the composition of population, families and households. The chosen data were for years 1869, 1880, 1890 and 1900. The years when the first censuses were taken in Czech Lands. Population, families and households were analyzed separately using historical-demographic, demographic analysis and statistics methods. The results showed that inhabitants of Chodsko were not so different from the inhabitants from the rest of Czech Lands. The most common were patriarchal nuclear households. Families were mostly about average size with two to four members. Hypothesis that the countryside population had more family members was not confirmed. Keywords: Composition of Population, Composition of Families, Composition of Households, Chodsko, 19th Century
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Structures of population in Rakovník town at the beginning of the 20th century
Rešová, Kateřina ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Velková, Alice (referee)
Structures of population in Rakovník town at the beginning of the 20th century Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to analyse and describe the structures of population, families and households in the central bohemian town Rakovník at the beginning of the 20th century. The thesis is based on the data from 1910 and 1921 censuses. The data was excerpted from the census sheets. The work is divided into 10 chapters. It focuses on demographic, social, ethnic and economic charakteristics of the population. The place of birth is analyzed and the structures of families and households are also studied in detail. The results show how big was the impact of the first world war on people in Rakovník. The sex-age structure was changed between the analyzed years. Also changes like the aging of population and increase of the proportion of widoved persons were registered. Between the years 1910 and 1921 the change in religion of people in town was noticed as well. Keywords: population, families, households, historic demography, Rakovník
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The using of combat sports in physical education at high school
Dvořáček, Jan ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Pavelka, Radim (referee)
Title: The using of combat sports in physical education at high school Goals: To find out the high school pupils' relation to physical education, their relation to combat sports and their relation to class of combat sports Methods: This is a quantitative research, in which will be used method of questioning by questionnaire. Results: Results indicate what the relations of high school pupils to physical education, to combat sports and to the class of combat sports. We found out, that the relations are mostly positive. Key words: Using, combat sports, physical education, high school
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The Size and Structure of Families and Households in Australia during the period 1991-2031
Čížková, Barbora ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
The Size and Structure of Families and Households in Australia during the period 1991-2031 Abstract Diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of changes in the size and structure of families and private households in Australia between years 1991-2011. Furthermore, it also tries to predict the possible future development in their size, number and structure in 2012-2031. Emphasis is placed on the comparison of Australian states and territories. The analysis in this thesis is primary based on censuses. In the first part there are outlines of theories of family and second the demographic transition. There is also focus on Australian indigenous people, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, as the organization of family life and households differs from the European system. Attention is also paid to demographic development of Australia and its states and territories in 1991-2011, because it is an important precondition of the analysis of changes in the size and structure of families and households. For the projection of private households was used modified method of the headship rates model called the standard propensity model. The results suggest that in the period 1991-2011, the number of private households increased in Australia. The smallest increase occurred in the number of couple families with children...
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Mortality in Cisleithania in 1881-1911
Sykáčková, Petra ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
Mortality in Cisleithania in 1881-1911 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze mortality in Cisleithania in general and its parts within 1881-1911. Trends in mortality and its level during this period were significantly influenced by the contemporary social situation and economic development which were parts of the process of modernization. Therefore when analyzing mortality rates the economic and social situation of each country was taken into account. The analysis showed significant regional mortality differences. Important factor affecting the mortality level in the above mentioned period was proportion of the population working in industry and agriculture sectors and related proportion of the population living in urban and rural areas. The mortality analysis in this thesis is based on the standardized crude death rate, the infant mortality rate and abridged life tables. The changes in mortality level were additionally analyzed by various decomposition methods providing more comprehensive information about mortality in Cisleithania. Keywords: mortality, Cisleithania, process of modernization, proportion of the population working in industry and agriculture sectors, proportion of the population living in urban and rural areas, decomposition
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Family Policy of Scandinavian Countries: Similarities and Differences
Vykoukalová, Helena ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
The diploma thesis, Family Policy of Scandinavian Countries: Similarities and Differences, is focused on comparison of family policy, fertility development and public opinion on family support in Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland. The thesis follows up development of family policy from the first half of 20th century and sets it into the historical context. It aims the attention to measurements related to pre-school children. Fertility is analysed by mean age of mother at birth, birth order and marital status of mother. Public opinions of family are based on International Social Survey Programme and analysed using chi-square test and binary logistic regression. We focused on differences among citizens by demographic characteristics in each state as well as among the states. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse development of family policy of Scandinavian states, discover the main similarities and differences, and decide whether countries meet the requirements of Scandinavian model by Esping-Andersen's typology (1990). Despite of the differences in development of family policy, Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland represent Scandinavian model. Fertility postponement, later start of family, and increasing proportion of children born outside marriage is characteristic to all of the states. As...
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