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Effect of species composition on the sociality of macaw species in mixed aviaries
DUŠKOVÁ, Eliška
The main aim of this work was to find out and write down information about parrots and the genus Macaw itself. Then, using the information found, to say which species could work well together in a mixed aviary. In this work, the reader can read not only about the habitat of macaws, but also about the nesting habits, or get a glimpse into the social structure of the life of these colourful birds. The work focuses specifically on four selected species. The work focuses speci-fically on four selected species. These are the Macaws, Blue ? and ? Yellow macaws, Scarlet Macaws, Red ? and ? Green macaws, The Chestnut ? fronted macaws. For zoo visitors, mixed aviaries are very attractive as there is always something going on. One of the chapters is therefore dedicated to selected mixed aviaries in Czech and international zoos. Thanks to the obtained information about macaws, I have written in this thesis the factors influencing the assembly of a mixed macaw aviary, what to avoid when com-bining macaws and last but not least, suggestions for measures aimed at the successful assembly of mixed flocks of macaws.
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Effect of CO2 on free-radical damage
Dušková, Eliška ; Kalous, Martin (referee) ; Wilhelm, Jiří (advisor)
CO2, known for its role in acid-base regulations, is a mediator of peroxynitrite-induced oxidative damage and it also enhances Cu,Zn-SOD's antioxidant activity. These two means, by which CO₂ affects free-radical damage, are well-explored, but there are many other mechanisms. When CO2 joins in free radical reactions, carbonate radical is often produced. The carbonate radical specifically damages substrates, but it is not possible to generalize, if the effect is pro-oxidant or antioxidant. A protective role of CO2 has been observed during lipid peroxidation and during peroxynitrite-induced oxidation of DNA, when the carbonate radical caused injury to specific bases, but in the same time it prevented DNA strand breaks. Similarly, CO2 prevented peroxynitrite- induced protein fragmentation as well as it caused injury to specific aminoacids. These observations are mostly based on experiments in a chemical system, which means under simplified conditions. In vivo, CO2 exerts much more mechanisms to affect free radical reactions. Under more complex conditions, as cell culture is, there was an increase of oxidative stress after CO2 exposure. Increased concentration of CO2 causes a change in erythrocyte's function and an increase of oxidative stress on the organism's level.
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