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Variability in selected haematological traits related to gastrointestinal microbiota in parrots (Psittaciformes)
Dlugošová, Sylvie ; Vinkler, Michal (advisor) ; Volf, Jiří (referee)
Thousands of parrots all over the world suffer from illnesses and medical complications that can result from interactions between their immune system and bacteria in their digestive tract. The aim of this master's thesis is to understand the link between symptoms of these medical issues, the composition of blood and gastrointestinal microbiota in parrots. Using the hematological methods, 198 blood samples representing 53 parrot species were analyzed. The composition of microbiome was defined by combination of a molecular approach using bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing in 132 fecal samples, 12 intestine samples, 228 cloacal swabs and 236 beak swabs representing in total 61 parrot species and a diagnostic approach by psittacine fecal Gram's stain method. Significant association of hematological parameters with individual, environmental and clinical factors was observed, as well as its considerable interspecific variability. Absolute heterophile and lymphocyte counts have been shown more useful for infectious and autoimmune disease monitoring than H/L ratio. Relative numbers of basophiles were the best indicator for behavioral disorders. In relation to hematological parameters, the effect of the bacterial family Flavobacteriaceae, as part of the oral microbiota, and the bacteria Escherichia or...
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Variability in selected haematological traits related to gastrointestinal microbiota in parrots (Psittaciformes)
Dlugošová, Sylvie ; Vinkler, Michal (advisor) ; Volf, Jiří (referee)
Thousands of parrots all over the world suffer from illnesses and medical complications that can result from interactions between their immune system and bacteria in their digestive tract. The aim of this master's thesis is to understand the link between symptoms of these medical issues, the composition of blood and gastrointestinal microbiota in parrots. Using the hematological methods, 198 blood samples representing 53 parrot species were analyzed. The composition of microbiome was defined by combination of a molecular approach using bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing in 132 fecal samples, 12 intestine samples, 228 cloacal swabs and 236 beak swabs representing in total 61 parrot species and a diagnostic approach by psittacine fecal Gram's stain method. Significant association of hematological parameters with individual, environmental and clinical factors was observed, as well as its considerable interspecific variability. Absolute heterophile and lymphocyte counts have been shown more useful for infectious and autoimmune disease monitoring than H/L ratio. Relative numbers of basophiles were the best indicator for behavioral disorders. In relation to hematological parameters, the effect of the bacterial family Flavobacteriaceae, as part of the oral microbiota, and the bacteria Escherichia or...
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Evolutionary dynamics of the CD45 molecule
Dlugošová, Sylvie ; Vinkler, Michal (advisor) ; Aghová, Tatiana (referee)
Determining the health state and condition of vertebrates based on hematological traits is currently dependent on technically imperfect and erroneous quantification of blood cells. Solution of this problem can be found in the use of flow cytometry. This is, however, complicated by the presence of nuclear erythrocytes in all vertebrate groups outside the mammals. To distinguish erythrocytes from leukocytes, it is necessary to use specific labeling with a leukocyte marker, which is the CD45 surface molekule encoded by the PTPRC gene. Current literature suggests high expression and structural interspecific variability of this molecule, which highly complicates the possible use of this marker in zoological research. Based on the prediction of domains from genomic sequence data, my analysis comparing the structure of the CD45 in various vertebrate representatives showed a high variability of the extracellular part, even in fibronectin domains, which have been earlier described as conservative. Although the CD45 receptor function has not been sufficiently resolved yet, the existing research results indicate strong positive selection aimed to this molecule. Taken together, although the CD45 is a useful molecular marker, the possibility of designing a universal antibody allowing testing of a wide range of...
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