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Basic income and its ethical aspects: the right to exist or the right to idle?
Šenková, Eva ; Štica, Petr (advisor) ; Bouma, David (referee)
The basic income concept is a bold, challenging, and provocative proposal. It is an income unconditionally paid by a government, at a uniform level and at regular intervals, to each adult member of society. The grant is paid irrespective of whether the person is rich or poor, lives alone or with others, is willing to work or not. It should guarantee that all recipients have sufficient material conditions for their existence. This scheme is proposed as a mechanism of distributive justice, and as a tool to combat unemployment without increasing poverty. The economic independence would secure real freedom for all - an opportunity to do what they might want to do, including the permanent idleness. Implementing the basic income is to change current economic and social realities, not only the welfare system. The aim of this diploma thesis is to find ethically relevant aspects in the argumentation of positives and negatives of a basic income and to point out problems that are related to the concept of a basic income in ethical terms.
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The eucharist from Benedikt XVI. - Joseph Ratzinger's point of view
Nevělíková, Nela ; Mohelník, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bouma, David (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the concept of the Eucharist sacrament in selected writings of Joseph Ratzinger, which deal directly with the Eucharist, or in which the sacrament plays an important role. The aim of this work is to describe and evaluate how Ratzinger approaches the Eucharist, its essence, history and way of celebration. First, the use of biblical sources and citations of ancient, medieval and modern authors is analyzed in this work. In the next section, attention is paid to how Ratzinger uses the terms of the Eucharist, especially the following: sacrifice, communion, Lord's Supper. The last chapter deals with the form of the liturgical celebration of the Eucharist and the connection between its external and internal aspects, between form and content. Ratzinger views the Eucharist primarily as a sacrifice and accentuates its Christological-soteriological dimension. It is also very important for him to keep the triunity of events - the Last Supper, the Crucifixion and the Resurrection - which led to the establishment of the Eucharist and which only together make sense to this sacrament, in the understanding of the Eucharist.
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Influence of burnout syndrome on christian-ethical argumentation examined in the form of a case study of a clergyman
Esterlová, Helena ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Bouma, David (referee)
Helena Esterlová Aplikovaná etika, KTF UK Anotace diplomové práce v AJ Název práce: Influence of burnout syndrome on christian-ethical argumentation examined in the form of a case study of a clergyman Abstract: The burnout syndrome affects usually people who live to the fullest, who feel to be called to some activity, It gives them the meaning of their life. However, various outer and inner influences can cause that the meaning of the life starts to disappear, in the worst cases people lose their vision completely. The burnout often affects people who are engaged in other people and their problems. These people are also clergymans, who encounter the other's problems every day. A person is paralysed during contending a burnout in all areas of life: physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual. He is losing the meaning of life and needs a total restart unconditionally. If a cleric is losing the meaning of life his service in church in a serious danger. One of the crucial things for restoring the internal balance is finding the meaning of life again and subsequent organizing the values in the way that allows to live stably and doesn't lead to a burnout again. The area of values is the area explored by ethics. On the verbal level the anchoring of person's values is shown by his (ethical) argumentation....
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Son of Mary in the basic sources of Islam
Kotek, Václav ; Bouma, David (advisor) ; Salvet, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis gives an overview of Jesus in the basic sources of Islam, the Qur'an and Sunnah. In a brief biography of Prophet Muhammad, it deals with the influence of Christians in his life. It follows the creation of the Qur'an and mentions some aspects of its doctrine. The thesis selects the Qur'anic verses about Christians and especially those which are related directly or indirectly to Jesus. It analyzes the meaning of the names, which the Qur'an assigns to Jesus. The selected Hadiths, in which some of the names of Jesus appear, are systematized into thematic areas. The thesis observe the role that this Islamic tradition assigns to him. It compares the differences between the view on Jesus in Islam and Christianity. It notes that there are different meanings in both religions under the same sounding names and titles of Jesus. The thesis brings reason why the image of Jesus in Islam is different. It shows whether the person of Jesus can be the object and starting point for interreligious dialogue. In conclusion, it offers the possibilities of inspiration for restoring Christian faith by Muslim Jesus.
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The Role of Emotions in Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola
Štamberg, Jan ; Červenková, Denisa (advisor) ; Bouma, David (referee)
The Role of Emotions in Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola This thesis deals with the topic of emotions in spiritual exercises of Ignatius of Loyola. It describes the main principles of these exercises and their original sources. By using of publications of several Jesuit authors and psychiatrist Gerald May shows the importance of properly experienced emotional movements, not only for our spiritual life. The thesis operates both with the knowledge of the authors of the last century and the 21st century. The outcome of this thesis is to summarize findings, emphasising of the essential information from the point of view of the author and possible additions.
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The integration of shadow projections in the teaching of C.G. Jung and its possible benefits for theological ethics of interpersonal relationships
Otáhal, Tomáš ; Červenková, Denisa (advisor) ; Bouma, David (referee)
In the first part, this thesis is examining the psychology of C. G. Jung, especially those parts, which are somehow connected to interpersonal relationships. That means foremostly the psychological projections and mechanisms, which are causing those projections. By those mechanisms, I mean the dynamics of consciousness - unconsciousness, the shadow and the cognitive functions. Besides those concepts and mechanisms, the thesis aims to explore the way which Jung ascribes to deal with those shadow projections - in favor of improving the interpersonal relationships. This deed lays mainly in the so-called individuation, with main focus on the shadow integration. The aim of the second part of this thesis is to reflect upon the C. G. Jung's psychology from the theological ethics point of view. The thesis is defining the criteria of goodness of the interpersonal relationship from the theological ethics standpoint. Then further uses those criteria to clarify the conditions under which could be maintained the dialogue and cooperation between theology and psychology and thus, under which conditions is theologically acceptable to utilize C. G. Jung's findings.
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Theme of "night" in John of the Cross and in the current spirituality
Andil, Jan ; Červenková, Denisa (advisor) ; Bouma, David (referee)
This thesis deals with the theme of the dark night in the work of St. John of the Cross and its influence on the formation of contemporary spiritual authors. Firstly, it focuses on the Spanish Carmelite mystic, John of the Cross social and biographical facts. These provide background to John's spiritual formation and without them the symbol of the dark night loses its historical context. This is followed by a list and brief description of the key works of John of the Cross. Of these texts, the dark night motif is dealt with in "Ascent of Mount Carmel" and "Dark Night," which constitute two aspects of a single journey leading to union with God. We encounter the dark night motive itself in the third chapter. First, we look at the dark night as described by John from the Cross. Then we focus on the symbolism of the dark night in the saint's work, its articulation and outcome. The last chapter introduces us to the view of contemporary spiritual authors, namely Thomas H. Greene, Thomas Halik, Iain Matthew, Gerald G. May, and Wilfrid Stinissen on the dark night theme.
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The universal inclusivist soteriology (of Pauline type?) according to Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Novák, Petr ; Houkal, Jan (advisor) ; Bouma, David (referee)
This bachelor thesis elaborates the topic of ontological and functional significance of the person of Jesus Christ, according to French philosopher and scientist PierreTeilhard de Chardin. At present time, his theological contribution is appreciated by Pope Benedict XVI and Francis. But many of his thoughts and genial writings were censored and forbidden in the preconciliar Catholic discourse during his lifetime. All his major works were published posthumously. However, he still remains a controversial author. The study aims to assess whether it could be considered the functional christology of Teilhard de Chardin as the universal inclusivist soteriology of Pauline type. The basis and frame of reference for coparison are proto-Pauline epistles of The New Testament (especially Romans, First Corinthians and Philippians). The inclusivist concept of salvation in the works of Teilhard de Chardin can be come the starting-point for ecumenical dialogue between the Christian denominations that share the Apostle Paul. Keywords christology, inclusivism, Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, Saint Paul, soteriology
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Teilhard de Chardin's apologetics of Christianity
Procházka, Leoš ; Bouma, David (advisor) ; Nosek, Lukáš (referee)
The thesis "Teilhard de Chardin's apologetics of Christianity" starts with a brief introduction to apologetics and fundamental theology in general, on the basis of Teilhard's thought, presents the main critical comments and addresses the methodological question of the approach to his thinking. In the main part, develops the structure of apologetics from the phenomenological description of the world's evolution, from the particles and animals through the emergence of consciousness and man. This is showed on the basis of the "law of complexity and consciousness", which shows the increase of consciousness with the increase of the complexity. And then, through noogenesis (evolution of the spirit), it reaches the point of Omega. The thesis addresses the question of the legitimacy of such extrapolation and continues to the philosophical deduction of Omega's characteristics, as essentially transcendent, to an entropy independent, attractive and present. From the philosophically introduced point of Omega, seeks to show the possibility of identifying Christ of revelation with the Omega point through the theological reflection, as proof and defense of the truth of Christianity. The thesis tries to critically evaluate the apologetics thus built, to elaborate the philosophical view and to evaluate the...
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The church of secret - secret of the church
Orel, Miroslav Metoděj ; Bouma, David (advisor) ; Červenková, Denisa (referee)
The thesis deals with the theme of secrets as itself and how it is related to the church. Its main issue if is it a church that creates mystery, or whether the mystery is creates church. Furthermore, the work seeks to examine the veracity of statements II. Vatican concilium, which identify the Church as sacrament, that mean the secret. The work examines the main approaches to the mystery and the language they speak about him. While access to the mystery, which has Gnostic character and is well characterized and defined conceptually, it can be seen that the designation anit-gnostic mystery of missing a simple term. Work and offers use of the term exotheric, which is contrary to esoteric and further work highlights the typical character and timbre of this exotheric mystery. The work also aligns with the mystery as objective scientific phenomenon and examines whether the other sciences (mathematics or astronomy) may be encountered exoteric and objective mystery. Investigate the findings are eventually applied to the discourse on the Church, which shows that if the church was not defined as secret, it would be reduced to mere human community and vice versa, if the Church was reduced only as a community insider secrets, it would be just another gnostic sect.
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