|
|
Pathophysiological characterization of autoimmune bullous skin diseases
Krabcová, Jana ; Arenbergerová, Monika (advisor) ; Kuklová, Ivana (referee) ; Salavec, Miloslav (referee)
SOUHRN DISERTAČNÍ PRÁCE V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE Autoimmune bullous diseases are severe and chronic conditions, which involve skin and mucosal surface. The etiology is unknown. The specific antibodies against structural components of cellular adhesions molecules of epidermis, at the dermal-epidermal junctions or at the basement membrane zone, are characteristic. The connection between antibodies and targeted antigens leads to cell-cell or cell-matrix discontinuity, which develops into blister formation. Intraepidermal disruption is typical for pemphigus diseases, dermo-epidermal (sub- epidermal) blistering process is specific for pemphigoid diseases. Detection of specific autoantibodies either tissue-bound or circulating in serum is essential to diagnose autoimmune nature of autoimmune bullous disease. The specific antibodies for bullous pemphigoid against the hemidesmosomal antigens BP 180, BP 230 are seen, which connect the basal keratinocytes to basement membrane. The correct diagnosis is based on positivity of minimally 2 markers - histological proof, detecting of tissue- bound antibody Immunoglobulin G and C3 component of complement at the basement membrane zone by direct immunofluorescence, detection of circulating Immonoglobulin G by indirect imunofluorescence on the monkey or rabbit esophagus or...
|
|
|
Antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and antiprotease effects of silver used for treatment of infected wounds
Pavlík, Vojtěch ; Arenbergerová, Monika (advisor) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee) ; Resl, Vladimír (referee)
Chronic wounds pose a socioeconomic problem and burden to patients worldwide. There are several causes of wound chronicity. One of the major issues of the non-healing state of a wound is its infection. Bacteria provoke a proinflammatory response, which disrupts the proper sequence of wound healing phases. Also, inflammation raises the production and activity of proteases. These enzymes digest the extracellular matrix, resulting in deceleration or hindrance of granulation tissue maturation. In addition to the inflammation-induced proteases, some bacterial species produce proteases that contribute to tissue degradation and increase bacterial virulence. Antiseptics are used to lower the bacterial burden in chronic wounds. Antiseptics act non-specifically, which may be their asset as well as drawback. They act as a double-edged sword. Antiseptics act on bacterial cells. However, host cells are caught in the crossfire as antiseptics may damage eukaryotic cells as well. The damage of eukaryotic cells complicates wound closure. Silver is probably the most used antiseptic to treat chronic wounds. Silver is also suspected of inducing nonspecific damage to eukaryotic as well as prokaryotic cells. This doctoral thesis is aimed at investigating the multitude of effects that silver may exhibit. We chose in vitro...
|
|
|
Pathophysiological characterization of autoimmune bullous skin diseases
Krabcová, Jana ; Arenbergerová, Monika (advisor) ; Kuklová, Ivana (referee) ; Salavec, Miloslav (referee)
SOUHRN DISERTAČNÍ PRÁCE V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE Autoimmune bullous diseases are severe and chronic conditions, which involve skin and mucosal surface. The etiology is unknown. The specific antibodies against structural components of cellular adhesions molecules of epidermis, at the dermal-epidermal junctions or at the basement membrane zone, are characteristic. The connection between antibodies and targeted antigens leads to cell-cell or cell-matrix discontinuity, which develops into blister formation. Intraepidermal disruption is typical for pemphigus diseases, dermo-epidermal (sub- epidermal) blistering process is specific for pemphigoid diseases. Detection of specific autoantibodies either tissue-bound or circulating in serum is essential to diagnose autoimmune nature of autoimmune bullous disease. The specific antibodies for bullous pemphigoid against the hemidesmosomal antigens BP 180, BP 230 are seen, which connect the basal keratinocytes to basement membrane. The correct diagnosis is based on positivity of minimally 2 markers - histological proof, detecting of tissue- bound antibody Immunoglobulin G and C3 component of complement at the basement membrane zone by direct immunofluorescence, detection of circulating Immonoglobulin G by indirect imunofluorescence on the monkey or rabbit esophagus or...
|
|
| |
|
|
Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma - Epidemiology, risk factors and prevention
Moan, Jon Magne ; Arenbergerová, Monika (advisor)
Worldwide, 160 177 people were diagnosed with cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in 2002. According to WHO, the incidence of CMM is increasing faster than any other cancer. Recent epidemiological studies show that this pattern is fading out in some regions, and that the incidence is even falling in some countries. Norway together with the rest of Scandinavia and Northern America are countries where this change is most evident. Still, in Norway, CMM is one of the most frequent cancers in young people. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main environmental risk factor for developing CMM, but genetic susceptibility also plays an important role. The effect of sunscreens and the risk of sun bed use are debated. More research on these topics are needed. Early recognition of melanoma is of prime importance for improving the survival rate. It is documented, that public education, as a preventive measure, in respect of sun exposure habits and recognition of changing nevi can decrease the incidence of CMM.
|
|
| |
guest ::
