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You cannot step into the same fishpond twice - an evolution of fishpond ecosystems to hypertrophy
Vrba, Jaroslav ; Benedová, Z. ; Jezberová, Jitka ; Matoušů, Anna ; Musil, M. ; Nedoma, Jiří ; Pechar, L. ; Potužák, J. ; Řeháková, Klára ; Šimek, Karel ; Šorf, M. ; Zemanová, J.
Shallow manmade fishponds in south Bohemia were used for fish production for centuries, however, their ecosystems have changed dramatically due to excessive nutrient loading and fish stocking. Preliminary results of ten sampled fishponds suggested their hypertrophic status at present, while their plankton structure and dynamics reflected the actual size/age class of fish stock consisting predominantly of common carp. Planktivorous fish (both young carp and whitefish) remarkably reduced abundance, size, and species diversity of crustacean zooplankton, in particular large daphnids, whereas larger carp itself did not cause such a strong top-down effect. All other plankton components, i.e. phytoplankton, bacteria, protists, and rotifers showed rather high abundance and diversity, and suggested a reasonable impact of various microbial processes and interactions in the recent hypertrophic ecosystems.
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Carbon metabolism and nutrient balance in a hypertrophic production fishpond
Hejzlar, Josef ; Potužák, J. ; Drozd, B. ; Rutegwa, M.
Semi-intensive production of fish in pond culture is based on natural food in the form of zooplankton or zoobenthos and supplemental feeding and manuring applied with balanced nutrient budget. Measurement of the metabolism (i.e., primary production and respiration by the method of continuous measurement of dissolved oxygen in the water column) and the input / output balance for C, N and P in the semi-intensive Dehtář fishpond in the 2015 growth season have shown that additions of fish feeding and manure were from the point of view of utilisable fish feeding in a 3 – 4 fold excess, the efficiency of nutrient transfer through fish food chains was low and that most of the primary production remained unused for fish production, resulting in eutrophication problems with accumulation of biomass in water, high respiration of phytoplankton and microbial chains, hypoxia conditions, and intense N and P cycling.
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