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The temperature and precipitation course in Prague-Karlov, 1961-2010
Střeštík, Jaroslav
The course of temperatures and precipitation in Prague over the last 50 years is presented and compared with scenarios of the further development of the climate. The temperature increased significantly and this increase is more rapid than that of the global temperature. Precipitation totals display only very small decrease over the last 50 years. However, precipitation totals in spring decreased more than the annual sums and a remarkable decrease of days with heavy rainfall takes place. These facts contribute to the observed decrease of the amount of moisture in nature and to the increased occurrence of droughts. There is no indication that all these observed trends could be different in future.
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The progress of wheat prices in France and in Germany between 1531 and 1785
Střeštík, Jaroslav ; Mikulecký, M. ; Mikulecký, L.
Mean annual wheat prices in Paris and in Cologne during the 16th – 18th century display a considerable similarity, which may be expected due to the small geographical distance. In the long-term scale the prices increase, later the increase becomes slower, and this course is similar in both countries. This variation is supplemented by short-time fluctuations, again similar in both countries. In the spectra of these time series a significant peak appears in the periods near 130 and 60 years, further ones near 35 and between 14-15 years, the latter being more apparent in data from Paris. The period of solar cycle (11 years) is not significant here. Correlation with mean annual air temperatures and mean annual sunspot numbers is negative, but only a little above the limit of significance (it moves between 0.14 and 0.22). In the long-term change long-term variations of mean annual air temperatures and solar activity, valid for both countries, reflect themselves. After subtraction of the parabolic trend these correlations become lower, on the other hand, correlations with precipitation totals are more distinct. All correlations are a little higher in Germany than in France.
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Possible periodicities in occurrence of wars in Europe during the last 500 years
Střeštík, Jaroslav ; Mikulecký, M.
The occurrence of wars and their regularities are always the subject of investigation for historians. During centuries one can find some relatively quiet periods as well as periods of frequent war conflicts. For a quantitative research special indices have been constructed some time ago, which are done for each year starting 1495 till 1975. In this series some significant periodicities can be found. The most significant appears around 55 years, further ones around 131, 78, and 35 years, and also some periods less significant. No one of them corresponds to significant periods occurring in most heliogeophysical quantities; only for some less significant a similarity can be found. Therefore the correlation with solar activity as well as with mean annual air temperatures is low, though not to be neglected. The similarity is higher for long-term variations than for shortterm fluctuation. During the long-term maximum of solar activity and long-term maximum of air temperatures, which occurs usually simultaneously, a quieter period may be expected.
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The effect of high long-lasting solar/geomagnetic activity on pressure fields in the winter northern lower atmosphere
Bochníček, Josef ; Davídkovová, Hana ; Hejda, Pavel ; Huth, Radan
The effect of high long-lasting solar/geomagnetic activity on stratospheric and tropospheric pressure distributions was investigated in the winter Northern Hemisphere. The analysis concerns winter period (December 1 – March 30) in 1952-2003. Solar activity is characterized by 30 day means of R number, geomagnetic activity by 30 day means of daily sum of Kp index. Stratospheric and tropospheric pressure distributions are described by 30 day mean anomalies in geopotential height (GPH) at 50 hPa/500 hPa. GPH anomalies are computed as the difference between the long-term 30 day averages (covering 33 year period, 1970-2003) and actual 30 day averages. Data are taken from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis
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The change of mean air temperatures i the town and outside the town during the last 65 years
Střeštík, Jaroslav
The climate in the town differs from that in the nearest surroundings in many respects: in the town higher air temperature. lower air humidity, much higher air pollution et. takes place. The town can be considered as an island with a different environment. Due to the increase of towns all mentioned differences between the town and its surroundings increase too. In this contribution the change of mean annual, and seasonal air temperature in the Prgue center (Klementinum) and on its boundary (airport Ruzyně) during 1946-2009, partly on airports Tuřany and Mošnov during 1951-2009, will be presented. Mean air temperatures on all stations display, besides a considerable fluctuation, a stable increase given by the global warming.
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A tool for determination finite seismic source parameters via stopping phases method
Kolář, Petr
We present a special (interactive) tool for particular processing of seismograms from West Bohemia region. The purpose of the data investigation is to determine the parameter of (simplified) seismic source. There are given basic information about the seismic region, its activity, about the used method and about its particular realization. The developed tool is described including screen shots of the graphical interfaces.
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Frequency of worldwide terroristic acts since the end of sixties
Střeštík, Jaroslav ; Grigoryev, P. ; Mikulecký, M.
The analysis was performed on the eight geopolitical areas (Africa, Eastern Europe, Middle East and Persian Gulf, North America, Central and South America, South-East Asia and Oceania, South Asia, and Western Europe), on their sum and on the solar and geomagnetic variables. There is a good correlation between frequencies of terroristic attacks in different regions. There is also a strong connection between terroristic attacks on one side and some heliogeophysical factors on the other side. All connections are different for different regions and external factors, respectively. Nevertheless, most of them are significant. The relationship to factors describing geomagnetic activity is a little higher than that for factors of solar activity.
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Salmonellosis and some solar and geomagnetic parameters
Střeštík, Jaroslav ; Mikulecký Jr., M. ; Mikulecký, M.
Salmonellosis is a common infection in our country and therefore it is necessary to investigate which factors contribute to the increase of its incidence. The influence of tidal acceleration has been investigated earlier and some semilunar variations have been found. The influence of heliogeophysical factors was not investigated though laboratory studies proved some connections. In this contribution daily numbers of hospital admissions at the Infectology Clinic in Bratislava from 2005-2006 have been used. The incidence of salmonellosis is considerably higher in summer than in winter, the maximum of incidence appears after the maximum of air temperature with a time shift more than one month. The higher geomagnetic activity contributes to higher incidence of salmonellosis too. Its influence is more significant than that of solar activity.
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History of magnetic measurements in Bohemia and long-term changes of ge.magnetic field components
Střeštík, Jaroslav
Regular measurement of components of the Earth's magnetic field started in Klementinum in Prague in 1830 as the first on the European continent, and finished in 1926. Contemporary Czech geomagnetic observatories cover the period since 1952 till now. Together with the data from Niemegk it is possible to convert all values so that a coherent series 1830-2007 can be prepared. Magnetic declination increases during the whole period, the speed of the increase regularly varies with the period of about 74 years. The last minimum was observed in 1910, maximum in 1947. The intensity of the field in the horizontal component varies too with nearly the same period and nearly the same positions of maxima and minima.
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