|
|
Compensatory benefit in pregnancy and maternity and its place in the system of sickness insurance of the Czech Republic before and after year 2009
Hanušová, Daniela ; Kubelková, Karina (advisor) ; Štekláč, Jiří (referee)
The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the compensatory benefit in pregnancy and maternity paid in the Czech Republic before the year 2009 and after this year. The year 2009 was important because a new law 187/2006 Sb. came into force. The aim of this thesis is to answer whether this benefit has its place in the system of sickness insurance of a modern welfare state in the future. The theoretical part of this work pursues the aim of putting the compensatory benefit in pregnancy and maternity into a wider context. It deals with the welfare system in the Czech Republic in general and later focuses on the system of sickness insurance in a greater detail. It also looks directly into the compensatory benefit in pregnancy and maternity itself. The practical part of this thesis analyzes the trend of state expenditures resulting from the existence of this benefit in the years 2003 to 2015. It also evaluates the share of this expenditure as a proportion of all expenditures within the scope of sickness insurance benefits and as a proportion of the GDP of the Czech Republic. One chapter is also dedicated to analyze and compare the compensatory benefit in pregnancy and maternity in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. This thesis concludes that the expenditure amounts for this benefit are increasing in time and that the interest of Czech citizens in this benefit is not in decline even in the modern welfare state. Another conclusion drawn is that the share of expenditures caused by this benefit is relatively negligible in the context of all sickness insurance state expenditures.
|
|
|
Comparation of the degree of income inequality in the Czech Republic and Hungary between years 2009 and 2013
Slámová, Adéla ; Barák, Vladimír (advisor) ; Štekláč, Jiří (referee)
The thesis compares the degree of income inequality in the Czech Republic and Hungary. It focuses on the historical development of both countries especially during transition, the degree of their European integration and provides some economic theories, which deals with the distribution of income in society. Part of this thesis is the analysis of the factors that contribute to the final size of the extent of income inequality and a comparasion of the size of the Gini coefficient for each year in the period 2009 and 2013. The main contribution of this analysis is that in the Czech Republic, the biggest problem is the lack of university students with the main filed in technology and expectable crisis of the pension systém, while in Hungary, the main reason for the ever growing income inequality is mainly low-educated population and high social benefits for parents, which discourages them from re-entering the labor market.
|
|
|
Pure time preference theory of interest analysis
Kos, Michael ; Doležal, Ondřej (advisor) ; Štekláč, Jiří (referee)
The following thesis analyses the pure time preference theory of interest. First, the major elaborations of the theory are compared. It is concluded that the Misesian approach to time preferences involves many factual differences in contrast to that of Fetter. The second part proceeds from Murphy´s and Potužák´s neoclassical critique to argue against conclusions based on the imaginary construct of evenly rotating economy. Two arguments are made suggesting that if reached, the evenly rotating economy would not isolate the pure time preference alone in the form of market interest rate.
|
|
|
Economic impacts of regulation in production and trade of ultralight aircraft in the EU and USA during years 2015-2013
Novotná, Nikola ; Štípek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Štekláč, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with regulations affecting the industry of ultralight aircraft. Examined regulations are currently valid in the European Union and The United States of America. Legislation of both units is analyzed and then compared. New model of aircraft has to be certified. Certification itself creates barrier to market entry. Theoretical part describes economical theories of regulations, which justify the existence of regulations. In practical part legislations are analyzed. Cost estimations are made for comparison financial impacts of regulations in EU and USA. The analysis shows that united USA legislation causes lower costs and creates smaller barriers to market entry. On the other side, legislation valid in European Union is less effective.
|
|
|
Analysis of effectiveness of the psychoactive drugs prohibition and economic and social consequences of legalization
Mráz, Vít ; Štekláč, Jiří (advisor) ; Doležal, Ondřej (referee)
Nowadays, there is lot of discussion about drug legalization or about the inefficiency of the current prohibitive policy. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the economic and social impact of prohibition, compare them with the likely economic and social impact of legalization and then, from this comparison, evaluate which of these two policies is more efficient. The first part is an introduction of the topic of illicit drug policy and illicit drugs in general. In the second part, I evaluate the impact of these two policies on the wide spectrum of domains which drug policy affects. In the third part, where I summarize and compare the impacts of these two policies, I reach the conclusion, that prohibition compared to legalization causes significant increase in criminality, increases the harm of drugs used, increases the expenditure and lowers the revenue of the state budget and a lot of other negative effects. On the other hand, prohibition probably reduces the amount of drug users. Moreover I reach the conclusion that drug policy will be soon challenged by problems raised by new technologies. The thesis concludes that legalization would be better since it has the potential to reduce or completely minimize the negative impacts of prohibition.
|
|
|
Economic aspects of the global population development in the eyes of proponents and critics of TR Malthus
Zelinka, Jan ; Štekláč, Jiří (advisor) ; Maialeh, Robin (referee)
Discussions regarding resources depletion and populations are currently at the forefront of society. Against each other are standing groups of supporters and groups of critics of Thomas Malthus. The objective of this thesis is economic analysis of threats and benefits of the current population development with regard to theories of both groups. To the solution is used statistical data of the World Bank, through which it assesses the situation in selected countries and in the world. Nowadays dominates critic's opinions rather, which are pointing to the improving condition of the planet. Population growth has slowed down in recent years and the population is close to its peak, which would open possibilities for increasing human capital, which is the most important resource that we have. Ensuring the growth of human capital has the potential to provide solving future problems related to the lack of existing natural resources.
|
|
|
The Factors that Influence the Relationship between Money Supply and Inflation
Holoubek, Lukáš ; Jílek, Josef (advisor) ; Štekláč, Jiří (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the factors that influence the relationship between money supply and inflation and to determine how these factors show over time. The work is based on the current knowledge of the quantity theory of money based on the synthesis of monetarist and new keynesianism approach. The main starting point of this thesis is the fact that there is a widening of the gap between money supply growth and inflation. In the thesis were observed the factors that influence the money supply, velocity of money and inflation. These factors are for exapmle political decisions, greater concentration of wealth in society, uncertainty in financial markets and the possible impact of the shadow economy and the increasing importance of sharing economy. The result of this thesis was the finding that in case of no significant change in the current system, the widening of the gap between the money supply growth and inflation will continue.
|
|
|
Analysis of the impact of foreign exchange interventions of the Czech National Bank in the years 1993-2013
Kuchařová, Martina ; Štekláč, Jiří (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Pavel (referee)
The bachelor thesis is analyzing the impact of foreign exchange intervention by Czech National Bank in years 1993 -- 2013. The main goal is to analyze and evaluate impact of realized monetary policies, especially of foreign exchange intervention, on real economics. First, I am elaborating on theoretical background of concept of central bank and I am trying to provide comprehensible explanation about its role in forming monetary policy of the country. Particular instruments and their application by Czech National Bank are also introduced. In practical section of the bachelor thesis I am showing usage of individual monetary policy tools in the past in the context of economically situation of the Czech Republic. The bachelor thesis presents to the reader basic idea about status and activity of the central bank of our country and about impact of realized measures on real economy.
|
|
|
Analysis of nanotechnology in the Czech Republic in the years 1993-2003 and its contribution to the economic growth
Konečný, Lukáš ; Štekláč, Jiří (advisor) ; Lukášová, Tereza (referee)
The goal of this paper is to analyse the development of nanotechnology in the Czech Republic in the years 1993-2013. The main focus is on contribution of nanotechnology to the economic growth of the Czech Republic. The first part of the paper is focused on history and importance of nanotechnology in the world. It contains a review of theories of economic growth in relation to technological progress. The second part describes the history of Czech nanotechnology and reveals its current state. The main section of this part provides an analysis of the Czech nanotechnology businesses and their development in the years 1993-2013.
|
|
|
The role of the United States dollar as world’s reserve currency since the Bretton Woods monetary system to the present
Schödel, Michael ; Šimíček, Petr (advisor) ; Štekláč, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the role of the United States dollar since The Bretton Woods monetary system to the present. During the Bretton Woods monetary system US dollar gained the dominant position. It was taken from British pound and is maintained till now. Neither crash of this system in the seventies of the 20th century nor establishment of the common European currency -- Euro, did not end the privileged position of US dollar. In my thesis I deal with advantages and disadvantages of this privileged position for USA and for other countries. Further I analyze the position of the US dollar and USA within The International Monetary Fund and I also compare selected indicators of relevant global currencies. Then I focus on the present biggest currency competitor of the US dollar -- the Euro, and the currency with the greatest potential for the future -- the Chinese yuan.
|
guest ::
