|
|
Physiological, structural, and biochemical leaf traits of selected Poaceae species involved in oxidative stress protection and acclimation to different light conditions
Hunt, Lena Macrie ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Lux, Alexander (referee) ; Šantrůček, Jiří (referee)
This thesis examines physiological, structural, and biochemical leaf traits in grasses (Poaceae family) and how they contribute to oxidative stress protection. Light is a major factor contributing both to oxidative stress in plants and the induction of protective mechanisms at the leaf level. The agriculturally important species barley (Hordeum vulgare) was used to investigate responses to varying irradiance and atmospheric CO2 levels. Barley was further used as a model organism to study the influence of different spectral qualities on oxidative protective mechanisms, particularly phenolic compound induction. This thesis also examines the protective leaf functional traits of wild grass species (Nardus stricta, Calamagrostis villosa, Molinia caerulea, and Deschampsia cespitosa) in a high-irradiance arctic-alpine tundra grassland. Phenolic compounds are important protective secondary metabolites in plants that protect against oxidative stress from high irradiance. This thesis evaluates phenolic compounds and their contributions to plant stress tolerance and introduces a novel method of quantifying the histochemical detection of phenolics in leaf cross-sections. Key results indicate that light quantity and quality play major influential roles in the accumulation of phenolic compounds. High irradiance...
|
|
|
Study of Coniferous Needles in Relation to Environmental Factors Using Approaches of Quantitative Anatomy and Laboratory Spectroscopy
Lhotáková, Zuzana ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Šantrůček, Jiří (referee) ; Lukac, Martin (referee)
SYNTHESIS - CONCLUSIONS: This thesis combines two methodical approaches at different hierarchical levels of plant ecophysiology, which both are applied in field research and bring new valuable information for comprehension of several aspects of carbon cycle in forest ecosystem, particularly coniferous. The quantitative anatomy represents the first approach. At the leaf level application of confocal microscopy on fresh and frozen-stored needles and subsequent stereological estimation of mesophyll geometrical parameters proved to be suitable and sensitive enough for estimation of changes in mesophyll after simulated acid rain or differentiation of sun and shade needle ecotype. Application of systematic uniform random sampling of sections along the needle axis revealed insight to heterogeneity of mesophyll geometrical parameters within the needle and confirmed representativeness of the sampling from the middle region of the spruce needles. The second approach, laboratory measurement of shoot reflectance, represents important step in verification of relationships between leaf biochemical and optical properties, which can be subsequently used for monitoring of forest health, foliar or soil chemistry using remote sensing techniques. At the level of Norway spruce crown, samples of even-aged needles from the upper...
|
|
|
What is the water contribution of fog to atmospheric deposition? Use of stable isotopes.
Hanusková, Darina ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Šantrůček, Jiří (referee)
The objective of the Master thesis is to estimate the fog contribution on atmospheric deposition with the usage of stable isotopes. The crucial part of the thesis was to perform (first of its kind in the Czech Republic) the relative isotope composition 18 O a 2 H of fog. In the same time, the composition of rain and throughfall was performed. The collection of each type of precipitation took place in five sampling points of Academy of Science within three mountain regions including Krkonoše, Šumava and Jizerské Hory during October and November 2017. The sampling took 14 days in total and it was performed by using TC/EA ThermoBremen and mass spectrometer Delta ThermoBremen at South Bohemian University in České Budějovice. The results confirmed that fog is isotopically heavier in comparison to regular rain. As for the relative isotope composition 18 O and 2 H of each areas, no significant difference was observed. Results of the fog participation on atmospheric deposition in Krkonoše and Šumava can be seen after drafting a simple linear mixing model. The fog contribution on atmospheric deposition in Šumava for 18 O is 4,7 % and for 2 H is 6,4 18 O. For one area in Krkonoše, the average participation for 18 O is 3,6 %. Key words: stable isotopes, oxygen, hydrogen, fog
|
|
|
What is the water contribution of fog to atmospheric deposition? Use of stable isotopes.
Hanusková, Darina ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Šantrůček, Jiří (referee)
The objective of the Master thesis is to estimate the fog contribution on atmospheric deposition with the usage of stable isotopes. The crucial part of the thesis was to perform (first of its kind in the Czech Republic) the relative isotope composition 18 O a 2 H of fog. In the same time, the composition of rain and throughfall was performed. The collection of each type of precipitation took place in five sampling points of Academy of Science within three mountain regions including Krkonoše, Šumava and Jizerské Hory during October and November 2017. The sampling took 14 days in total and it was performed by using TC/EA ThermoBremen and mass spectrometer Delta ThermoBremen at South Bohemian University in České Budějovice. The results confirmed that fog is isotopically heavier in comparison to regular rain. As for the relative isotope composition 18 O and 2 H of each areas, no significant difference was observed. Results of the fog participation on atmospheric deposition in Krkonoše and Šumava can be seen after drafting a simple linear mixing model. The fog contribution on atmospheric deposition in Šumava for 18 O is 4,7 % and for 2 H is 6,4 18 O. For one area in Krkonoše, the average participation for 18 O is 3,6 %. Key words: stable isotopes, oxygen, hydrogen, fog
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Study of Coniferous Needles in Relation to Environmental Factors Using Approaches of Quantitative Anatomy and Laboratory Spectroscopy
Lhotáková, Zuzana ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Šantrůček, Jiří (referee) ; Lukac, Martin (referee)
SYNTHESIS - CONCLUSIONS: This thesis combines two methodical approaches at different hierarchical levels of plant ecophysiology, which both are applied in field research and bring new valuable information for comprehension of several aspects of carbon cycle in forest ecosystem, particularly coniferous. The quantitative anatomy represents the first approach. At the leaf level application of confocal microscopy on fresh and frozen-stored needles and subsequent stereological estimation of mesophyll geometrical parameters proved to be suitable and sensitive enough for estimation of changes in mesophyll after simulated acid rain or differentiation of sun and shade needle ecotype. Application of systematic uniform random sampling of sections along the needle axis revealed insight to heterogeneity of mesophyll geometrical parameters within the needle and confirmed representativeness of the sampling from the middle region of the spruce needles. The second approach, laboratory measurement of shoot reflectance, represents important step in verification of relationships between leaf biochemical and optical properties, which can be subsequently used for monitoring of forest health, foliar or soil chemistry using remote sensing techniques. At the level of Norway spruce crown, samples of even-aged needles from the upper...
|
|
| |
|
| |
guest ::
RSS feed.