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The statistical capturing of taxes
Kleinová, Nikola ; Sixta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vltavská, Kristýna (referee)
Nowadays taxes are the most important tax income of the state budget and at the same time they affect the standard of living of the population in various ways. Although the countries try to harmonize tax systems, there are still considerable differences between them. The aim of the thesis is to capture taxes in the Czech Republic from the point of view of statistics and then perform the comparison within the countries of the European Union. The thesis contains a brief characterization of the national accounts and the classification of the taxes in the national accounts according to the ESA 2010. It further deals with the description of the Czech tax system, including a definition of the individual taxes. The subsequent section captures the tax burden expressed by tax quota and the rest of the thesis is devoted to the cluster analysis, which is then applied to the data from the annual national accounts. Using cluster analysis, EU countries have been divided into groups according to similarities and differences in tax systems and in particular on the basis of the tax quota.
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Economic and Social Statistics from Gender Perspective
Slavníková, Lucie ; Sixta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Fabiánová, Jana (referee)
Statistical data collection is on high level at this time in European countries including Czech Republic. However, there is still a space for enriching statistics and looking for innovative ways of using obtained data. In context of the governments' efforts to promote equal opportunities for women and men, gender statistics is being addressed. It should serve as a base for detecting a position of women and men in all areas of the society and it should help to evaluate the impact of various actions ex ante as well as ex post. The aim of this diploma thesis is to continue to fulfill the intention to provide an interconnected picture of need for gender statistics in connection with diploma thesis written by Ing. Barbora Stanislavová in 2013. The emphasis is put on adding information on current course of gender studies connected with economy and on describing selected gender statistics indicators. The previous thesis covers general gender equality indicators and labour market area, this diploma thesis concentrates on indicators in family area. Gender statistics description is accompanied by actual data for Czech Republic and other European countries in order to provide illustrative example of use of gender statistics.
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Construction of estimates of interregional commodity flows by using gravity model
Kieslichová, Kateřina ; Zbranek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Sixta, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of my thesis is the construction of estimates of interregional commodity flows for the regions of the Czech Republic, by using a gravity model. Gravity model is based on Newton's law of gravitation. Gravity models can be used in two different information contexts. The first is an information context, when the spatial interaction flows are known a priori, and the model is used to explain the trade flows' behaviour. And the second is an information context in which these interactions are totally unknown a priori and the flows must be estimated. This paper is focused on the second information context. When we estimating commodity flows we need to know the value of exports and imports for individual regions. Estimated interregional commodity flows are the results of this work. Estimated interregional flows are put into the regional input-output tables compiled by the Department of Economic Statistics. Regional input-output tables are arranged so as to reached the equality of resources and use. On the basis of the resulting tables for all regions, I conducted a input-output analysis. Input-output analysis examines the impact of model changes to investment on selected commodities, to estimated interregional flows and selected macroeconomic indicators.
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Economic and social statistics by gender perspective
Stanislavová, Barbora ; Sixta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vopravil, Jiří (referee)
Gender statistics should play an important role in any analysis, because many indicators must be declared for men and for women separatelly. So, it is not just about demographic data, which are thus presented with a matter of course, but also the economic a social data, where is this sort often neglected. The subject of the dissertation "Economic and social statistics by gender perspective" is to provide a coherent picture of the need for gender statistics, because the data in this area for men and women are often very different and it is necessary to identify possible causes and options for their removal.
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The Analysis of Impact of Regulations: A Dynamic Input-Output Model Approach
Šafr, Karel ; Sixta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Pertold, Filip (referee)
This diploma thesis discusses utilization of dynamic Input-Output models as a basis for decision-making for policy makers. The first part is focused on theoretical derivation of the basic dynamic models. This part is followed by a practical application of the presented models, which proposes a method of deriving the matrix of capital and it facilitates the construction of data sources. The results show that the dynamic models are usable, but it is necessary to take into consideration their structural constraints and data limits. Data applied for 2009 show that the economic crisis has led to a 6% decline in GVA growth rates.
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Demographic factors of economic growth
Fabiánová, Jana ; Sixta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Zbranek, Jaroslav (referee)
Development of the economic situation in recent years raises number of issues, including defining what are the factors of this development and whether it is possible to affect them. This thesis deals with the demographic factors of economic growth; those are factors associated with general population and factors which may have an impact on the country's economy. The main aim of this work is to precisely identify the demographic factor and analyze their development in the Czech Republic since the early 1990s to the present days. Furthermore, the economic development is analyzed along with the indicators of economic activity in sorting by various demographic factors. Special attention is given to the status of working foreigners within the labor market. To emphasize the specifics of the development of the various sectors of national economy the construction industry was selected as a case example. The analysis of the employment in the construction industry was conducted in regard to demographic and economic indicators. To illustrate the results of the analysis column, line and pie charts were used in addition to the figures in the tables.
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Indirect methods of quarterly estimates of macroeconomic aggregates
Klučka, Jiří ; Hronová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Sixta, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of my diploma thesis is to describe indirect methods that are used in the compilation of quarterly national accounts. The diploma thesis is divided into three parts and three chapters. The first chapter presents the theoretical background and describes the development of national accounts in the Czech Republic and the basic macroeconomic aggregates. The second chapter is devoted to the quarterly national accounts and mathematical and statistical methods that are used in their compilation. The third chapter describes in detail selected indirect methods, which consists in linking the indicator and aggregate. Consequently, this method is applied to the data of the Czech Republic and then quarterly estimates are constructed which are compared to actual values.
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Regionalisation of the final consumption expenditure
Kramulová, Jana ; Sixta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kahoun, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to regionalize the final consumption expenditure of households, general government and also non-profit organisations serving households. It is necessary to search for suitable regionalisation keys (weights) for each of consumption expenditure of all three sectors mentioned above. With these keys it is then possible to divide the national value (taken from national accounts) into the regions. The national values are regionalised to NUTS 3 level (14 regions called "kraj" in the Czech Republic). In the thesis obtained results are also assessed from the regional point of view. Further, the potential alternative indicators are being discussed, that are not possible to use now, but could be a good aim for further research in this topic.
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National accounts exploitation for economical modelling
Javorská, Eva ; Sixta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Rojíček, Marek (referee)
The master thesis deals with national accounts, particularly with symmetric input-output tables and utilisation for research of investments change impact. The main aim is to show national accounts exploitation for economical modelling and a manual for modelling of concrete impact. This thesis concentrates on the topic of calculation of static model with application on real data of Czech Republic. The base of calculation is technical coefficients analyse.
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