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Bioimpedance methods to measure somatometric and volumetric changes
Petr, M. ; Kohlíková, E. ; Navrátil, Tomáš
Assessment of human body composition has stimulated the need for an understanding of available methodologies of estimating fat free mass and percent body fat. In our study, we found statistical significant changes of body composition evaluated by multi-frequency bioelectrical analysis in a group of athletes following creatine supplementation. These results are consistent with literature i.e. supplemented creatine effects osmolality of cell´s membranes which leads to increased intracellular water retention. Multi-frequency BIA can be considered to be an accurate and sensitive method for assessment of human body composition.
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Evaluating the accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring by the patient through continuous glucose error grid analysis
Honsová, Š. ; Navrátil, Tomáš
The aim of the study is to compare the difference between the accuracy declared by the producer of continuous glucose determination using the MiniMed Paradigm REAL-Time system with the results achieved by patients in real life. The glucose sensor evaluates the catalytic transformation of glucose (enzyme glucose dehydrogenase) to hydrogen peroxide, the concentration of which is electrochemically evaluated. The accuracy of measurements was determined by Clarke Error Grid Analysis. It can be concluded that in normal glyceamia (4.4 to 10.0 mmol/l) the measurements realized by the parients are more accurate that it is supposed by the producer, opposite to the cases of hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia.
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Transport of divalent cations across the gel supported phospholipid membranes
Navrátil, Tomáš ; Šestáková, Ivana ; Mareček, Vladimír
This contribution deals with elucidation of principles of transporting processes of heavy metals (mainly lead, cadmium) across the biological membranes. The real membranes were for purposes of described experiments, replaced by model membranes, which were composed of phospholipid bilayers. Two different phorpholipids (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and the mixture of phospholipids obtained from soybeans (under commercial name Asolectin)) were used as the building elements for the formation of these membranes on the surface of the constructed gel electrode. The registered transporting processes have been characterized using voltammetry, and electrochemical impendance spectrometry (EIS). The impact of some parameters on these systems and processes was investigated.
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Electrochemical behaviour of metallothioneins on silver amalgam electrodes
Šestáková, Ivana ; Josypčuk, Bohdan
Three different types of silver amalgam electrodes (p-AgSAE - polished silver solid amalgam electrode, m-AgSAE - mercury meniscus modified silver solid amalgam electrode and AgA-PE - silver amalgam paste electrode) were applied for voltammetric detection of metals bound in metallothionein (MT) molecule and for Brdička reaction with Co(III). The signals obtained with m-AgSAE and silver amalgam paste electrode correspond to signals observed on hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). Only p-AgSAE exhibits different behavior which is explained by the formation of AgMT. Formation of AgMT was demonstrated by dissapearance of Cd-Zn-MT peaks and by the increase of new peaks at -573 and -1050 mV, observed by differential pulse voltammetry on HMDE, when silver ions in excess were added to the Cd-Zn-MT solution.
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Polycrystalline gold electrode modified by thiols
Šustrová, Barbora ; Mareček, Vladimír ; Štulík, K.
The article reports on our continued investigation of modification of the gold electrode surface by thiolated compounds aimed at construction of an ion-selective sensor. Our previous work was focused on utilization of calix[4]arene molecules as a cavity sized ligand molecule. In this paper, calixarene and linear undecanethiol molecules were used as modifiers. We compared two ways of deposition thiol molecules, namely the spontaneous self-assembly process and the electrochemical deposition, in which the potential was applied on the electrode immersed into an adsorption solution. The concentration, time and potential conditions were optimized from the point of view of the SAM homogeneity. The modifying layers of calixarene and undecanthiol molecules were visualized by atomic force microscopy.
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Monolayers at electrodes as basis for models of natural membranes
Josypčuk, Bohdan ; Mareček, Vladimír
Properties of thiol (HS(CH2)10COOH) monolayers were investigated at stationary electrodes based on silver, copper, bismuth and cadmium solid amalgams covered by a mercury meniscus or by a mercury film. For comparison, parallel experiments were performed at a classical hanging mercury drop electrode. Dependences of monolayer parameters on time of electrochemical deposition of thiol and on scan rate were performed. Statistical evaluation of all obtained results has confirmed that solid amalgam electrodes are a convenient tool for research of thiol layers.
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