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Preventing Terminal Hospitalization in Nursing Home for Older Adults
Pechová, Karolína ; Loučka, Martin (advisor) ; Kubalčíková, Kateřina (referee) ; Dobríková, Patricia (referee)
This dissertation deals with the topic of terminal hospitalizations of residents of nursing homes for older adults and was written within the framework of the doctoral study of Social Work at the Faculty of Humanities, Charles University. The aim of the thesis is to understand the factors that lead to terminal hospitalization of residents of nursing homes for older adults. The research design is mainly descriptive in nature and exploratory to a lesser extent. The thesis consists of peer-reviewed articles, three of which have been published in peer- reviewed journals, and a fourth is currently under review. The first article is a directed documentary analysis. It focuses on analyses of a public policy document for older adults, tracking how elements of palliative or end-of-life care are emerging in those documents in the 13 most rapidly aging populations. It provides insight into the system in which terminal hospitalizations are happening. The next two articles focus on terminal hospitalizations of nursing home residents. The second study is qualitative; the article summarizes the findings of an analysis of 27 semi-structured interviews conducted with general nurses, social workers in nursing homes and general practitioners who had their patients in nursing homes. The third article (under review)...
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Use of respiratory physiotherapy in freestyle swimming technique
PECHOVÁ, Karolína
The aim of this thesis is to describe the effect of respiratory physiotherapy in freestyle swimming technique, what effect respiratory physiotherapy has on the strength of inspiratory and expiratory muscles and what subjective changes occur when introducing respiratory physiotherapy into training. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes general information about the anatomy and physiology of respiration, respiratory mechanics, including the implementation of the optimal breathing pattern. Furthermore, the crawl swimming style and the main muscle groups that are needed for this style are described here. In the practical part, case reports of 4 probands who have been training regularly in the swimming section for several years are detailed. Oral pressures were measured using a MicroRPM instrument, which evaluates the strength of the inspiratory and expiratory muscles. It also includes the design of therapy, which focuses on respiratory techniques, but also on the mobility of the chest, shoulders and overall posture, including the involvement of a deep spinal stabilization system. The resulting effect of the therapy is positive, when there was an increase in the initial values of maximum oral pressures, but mainly to greater chest mobility, better involvement of the DSSS and better respiratory stereotype. An important result of the therapy is the subjective perception of probands.
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Shark as a cultural concept
Pechová, Karolina ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Půtová, Barbora (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyze shark as a cultural concept. From cultural point of view, we are able to look at the shark as a pattern, which is always changing in time and environment, in other words, sharks are not only sea species but also creatures holding symbol of meaning. In many world cultures, shark became a symbol of many meanings. Using the system analysis approach, I will attempt to describe the shark from different point of view of Human sciences. First of all I will make a research about shark as a biological part and its importance and indispensableness in perfectly balanced ocean life. Including possible consequences of losing this fascinating creature by exterminating it. From biological and ecological outlook I will move to socio-cultural and symbolical part, which I comprehend as a pivotal point in this research as whole. This chapter is dedicated to the question of overall negative perception of sharks by people. Among other topics, I will also attempt to describe symbolical meaning of sharks in Pacific cultures and compare with its role in western culture. Media and its influence on general perception of sharks will be the subject of the following chapter. Media are powerful tool for shaping the public opinion, it is a fact. As Winston Churchill said - "There is no public...
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The specifics of negotiations with Chinese business partner
Lin, Bei Zhen ; Švecová, Lenka (advisor) ; Pechová, Karolína (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyze Chinese business etiquette and how to achieve mutual understanding between Chinese and western people moreover how to avoid negative effect during mutual communication which is caused by cultural differences. First of all I will make a research based on a questionnaire, which is focused on Czech businessmen who are dealing with Chinese partners. Based on these facts I will attempt to describe the way of possible negotiation. The text consists of three relatively independent parts. The first part pertains to the general information such as demography, social conditions, culture, and population. The second part represents Chinese business etiquette. The third part consists of an analysis of the practical experience, which is based on experience of Czech businessmen.
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