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Proportional reinsurance
Kubišová, Barbora ; Mazurová, Lucie (advisor) ; Branda, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of proportional reinsurance. It describes the basic types of proportional reinsurance, Quota Share, Surplus and their modi- fications, Variable Quota Share and Table of Lines Surplus. Furthermore, the paper explains how reinsurance changes aggregate claim amounts in the indivi- dual risk model. In this thesis we introduce two criteria for finding optimal ratio of proportional reinsurance. First, the de Finetti's criterion which minimizes the variance of the result of the insurer subject to a given level for the expected re- sult. Second is the optimality criterion which minimizes the (conditional) value at risk of total costs of the insurance company. Finally, we present numerical examples where on the basis of optimality criteria we find the optimal quota, respectively optimal retention level of the reinsurance. 1
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Econometric Modelling and Forecasting of Natural Gas Spot Prices
Kubišová, Barbora ; Hendrych, Radek (advisor) ; Hudecová, Šárka (referee)
The thesis deals with modeling and forecasting of natural gas spot prices, con- sumption of natural gas and average daily temperature. We assume that these three variables are influenced by each other, because as temperature decreases, consumption increases, which in turn increases the price with the increasing de- mand. Therefore, we propose to model these variables by vector autoregression. We compare this model with one-dimensional models where for each one we build a model from the ARMA-GARCH class. Models are estimated using historic va- lues and then designed models are used to simulate scenarios. Analysis of scenarios provides information to gas supply companies estimates of portfolio consumption and financial flows related to the purchase concerning natural gas. 1
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Proportional reinsurance
Kubišová, Barbora ; Mazurová, Lucie (advisor) ; Branda, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of proportional reinsurance. It describes the basic types of proportional reinsurance, Quota Share, Surplus and their modi- fications, Variable Quota Share and Table of Lines Surplus. Furthermore, the paper explains how reinsurance changes aggregate claim amounts in the indivi- dual risk model. In this thesis we introduce two criteria for finding optimal ratio of proportional reinsurance. First, the de Finetti's criterion which minimizes the variance of the result of the insurer subject to a given level for the expected re- sult. Second is the optimality criterion which minimizes the (conditional) value at risk of total costs of the insurance company. Finally, we present numerical examples where on the basis of optimality criteria we find the optimal quota, respectively optimal retention level of the reinsurance. 1
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Czech pension system and its further development compared with pension schemes of selected states of the European Union
KUBIŠOVÁ, Barbora
The theme of my diploma thesis is a comparison of the Czech pension system with pension systems of chosen European Union countries. I focus also on planned changes and a further development in the Czech pension system and in chosen states. For the comparison I chose four states ? the Slovak Republic, Poland, Germany and the Great Britain. I chose the Slovak Republic, Poland and Germany because these are states with the pension systems similar to the Czech Republic. On the contrary I selected the Great Britain because its system is very different. The aim of this thesis was to compare pension systems in chosen European Union countries: the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic, Poland, Germany and the Great Britain and to map their further development. The thesis was processed theoretically and it is focused only on the pension that secures a man in the retirement age. The introduction outlines a demographic development, which is one of the factors why there are changes in individual systems. Furthermore, in this thesis there are characterized pension systems of the chosen states. There are mentioned conditions for a participation in the pension schemes, types of retirement pensions and conditions for an entitlement to a pension payment. To outline the development of individual systems, I tried, in the second part of the thesis, to briefly describe pension reforms and current changes that occurred. In all countries a necessary condition for an entitlement to pension payments is to pay a social security insurance that is why I compared amounts of the insurances in individual states, which I further took into account in a discussion. I always compared the Czech Republic with the other states in the discussion. I focused on the comparison of the retirement age, years of the insurance required for the entitlement for the retirement pension, current changes and especially an opt-out system in the Czech Republic which is planned for the next year. I tried to compare the conditions that were during the implementation of this system established in other states and which are planned in this country. I believe that the thesis can be used by a professional and lay public for a better orientation in the legislation of pension systems of the chosen states.
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Leisure activities in homes for the elderly in the city compared with the village
KUBIŠOVÁ, Barbora
A topic of this bachelor thesis is "Leisure activities in homes for the elderly in the city compared with the village". A theoretical part of the bachelor thesis is divided into three circuits, in the first one there are explained conceptions of an old age, ageing process and changes associated with it. The second circuit is devoted to a leisure time of the elderly and an introduction of possible activities. Last, but not least, there is mentioned a social work with seniors. A practical part is focused on achieving the defined objectives. The fist goal was to compare leisure activities in chosen homes for the elderly in cities and villages with the help of a secondary data analysis. Activity plans and their websites underwent the secondary data analysis in the chosen homes for the elderly. The second goal was to find out seniors´ satisfaction with provided leisure time activities. The satisfaction was measured through a questionnaire. The research showed that the seniors are satisfied with the leisure activities in all the chosen homes both in the cities and in the villages. Following hypotheses were established before an implementation of the research: Hypothesis No. 1: Leisure activities in homes for the elderly in cities are comparable with leisure activities in the homes for the elderly in the villages. This hypothesis was confirmed by the research. In all selected homes for the elderly there is an emphasis on leisure activities, all homes for the elderly hold similar (comparable) leisure activities for their clients. Hypothesis No. 2: There are no differences between an organization of leisure activities in the homes for the elderly in cities and villages, was not confirmed. The secondary analysis revealed that the homes for the elderly in the cities have more employees engaged in the leisure activities. Therefore they can devote more attention to immobile clients. Additionally there still come volunteers to those homes, who individually attend to the single clients of the homes. The thesis can be used by both by professionals and the general public to obtain information about leisure activities in the homes for the elderly in the cities and villages and a possibility to assess any differences in an offer of the leisure time activities.
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