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Roman and Germanic brooches in Central Europe. (The archaeology of barbarians 2012)
Droberjar, E. ; Komoróczy, Balázs
The collected volume, which comprises papers from 49 authors, is thematically focused on brooches of the Iron Age, Roman Period and Migration Period. Brooches represent one of the most important categories of artefacts in protohistoric archaeology and their role in the acquisition of knowledge about barbarian communities is often irreplaceable. Celtic, Roman or Germanic brooches are remarkable, quantitatively representative and morphologically variegated finds. The wide spectrum of their information possibilities often goes beyond the potential of the other tangible evidence. They represent one of the buttresses of relative-chronological systems and contribute significantly to the detailed knowledge of many aspects of human cultures in the past, including the production procedures, trade and other forms of interactions, social differentiation or regional modifications of fashion trends. Most of the 33 chapters published in this volume were presented and vividly discussed in the VIII Protohistoric Conference, which was held in premises of the Palacký University in Olomouc in 2012. The authors strived to put together individual groups of new brooch finds from the barbarian territory in Central Europe (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Austria and Poland) but also from peripheral parts of the Roman Empire, from provinces. In individual chapters they tried to outline several aspects of their documentation and classification and paid attention to analysis of selected categories. The authors publish in this volume new assemblages of finds and pay attention to various partial analyses of individual types or groups of brooches within a long period of time and with respect to current state of research.
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Documentation, publication and interpretation of metal-detector finds as exemplified by Jobst type F4 brooches
Komoróczy, Balázs ; Vlach, Marek ; Zelíková, Michaela
Brooches represent a category of material evidence which in the past 25 years often became object of a very intensive metal detecting. In the Czech Republic, the number of amateurs who presently carry out this activity is much higher than the number of professional archaeologists. Archaeological science cannot omit the knowledge resulting from amateur metal-detecting finds, regardless of our personal opinion in this matter. We regard the documentation of all archaeological finds in our country as a professional duty of archaeological institutions, which is not contradictable by any reasonable arguments. On the contrary, when detectorists themselves or the general public prevent archaeologists from documenting these artefacts and making them accessible for professional study, this process gradually makes archaeology “blind”.
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Camps and waters: Malý Medvědí Tábor as part of a North Bohemian Mesolithic landscape
Svoboda, Jiří ; Novák, J. ; Novák, Martin ; Pokorný, P. ; Sázelová, Sandra
The paper introduces a newly discovered Mesolithic rock shelter Malý medvědí tabor, located in the canyon of the Svitávka River. The excavation revealed intact Mesolithic layers, rich in charcoals and a hearth feature outlined by sandstone blocks. Analyses of the environmental data, fauna, and lithic artefacts are included. In sum, the occupation of the rock shelter was rather episodic, nevertheless the site is of domestic character, as suggested by the richness and character of artefacts. The surrounding vegetation can be reconstructed as a sparse pine forests with common spread of hazel, oak and early successional vegetation with aspen and birch. Given a presence of a nearby peat-bog at Velenice, this new site serves as an important reference point for prehistoric human presence in the Svitavka river valley.
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Dolní Věstonice II: a complex of sites with different chrono-cultural occupations. Preliminary results of the study of lithic assemblages
Polanská, M. ; Novák, Martin
The scope of our study is directed to evaluation of each lithic assemblage from Dolní Věstonice II site and to characterize the technical systems of their production in order to understand the fine chrono-cultural seriation. The complex of sites at Dolní Věstonice II, dated to 30-23 ky uncal BP, includes the assemblages represented by clearly defined samples and another assemblages where the cultural attribution is still questionable. If some occupations certainly belong to the Pavlovian, others may be attributed as Gravettian, or even Upper Gravettian. Changes are visible in the procurement of raw material, and in technical systems of production and typological features.
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Early Gravettian occupations at Dolní Věstonice – Pavlov. Comments on the Gravettian origin
Svoboda, Jiří ; Novák, Martin ; Sázelová, S.
The paper presents the new excavation records from the Gravettian settlement area Dolní Věstonice – Pavlov, concerning the earliest Gravettian occupation from the two findspots at Dolní Věstonice II (Brickyard, site IIa) and Pavlov I (Southwest), dated 35-30 ky cal BP. As regards the uncovered industries from there, the first general characteristics are as follows: these are simple blade and bladelet industries, rarely retouched, with simple burins (mostly on breakage), and chisels as the most common tool types, baked clay pellets also occur in this context. In South Moravia, these industries clearly intervene as a new element in the preceding EUP/Aurignacian background. Their further development into the Evolved Pavlovian stage (after 30 ky cal BP) can be assumed and will be further investigated.
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Using GPS and map applications for Paleolithic site surveys in Moravia
Škrdla, Petr ; Rychtaříková, T. ; Nejman, L.
The application of GPS & digital mapping can be considered as the most significant improvement to the surface survey method. The EUP project carried out in 2008–2012 has resulted in a notable increase in the number of stratified Early Upper Palaeolithic sites in Moravia. Systematic research at a number of these sites has the potential to add to the knowledge base about this period. Most of the EUP sites were relocated, their coordinates were recorded and several new sites were discovered by applying the settlement strategy approach.
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