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Blood collecting yesterday and today
STOLARIKOVÁ, Pavlína
Blood collection is nowadays a common procedure, especially nurse's. The nurses encounter blood donations almost every day of their service. This procedure is especially important for physicians, who, based on laboratory results, can diagnose pathological conditions and subsequently indicate appropriate treatment. This bachelor thesis called Blood collection in the past and today is processed as a theoretical work. According to the title of the thesis, it is clear that it is focused on blood collection and other problems related to it. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the development and related changes in blood collection performance using available sources. Specifically, the aim is to analyze how the procedure itself and the tools used for blood collection have changed. The thesis is processed by an analysis of available primary and secondary sources of historical and current data. Blood collection is of course related to blood, whose physiology is described in the work. The procedure of blood collection is related to laboratory examination, which is also mentioned in this thesis. The aim is to analyze the sources describing the development of blood collection and tools used for it. The paper also mentions the topic of transfusion medicine and nursing education, which is closely related to the performance of blood collection within the competence of nurses, whose form has changed over the years. The thesis has been elaborated using available Czech and foreign literary sources, databases and articles from professional periodicals. A comprehensive theoretical basis has been developed, which can be used in practice especially as a study and information material for professional and general society. Based on an analysis of sources, it has been found that blood collection has changed both during the development of nursing and medicine itself, and due to many industrial, technical and political influences.
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Evolution of nursing care of mentally ill patients: comparison Czech republic - Finland.
FILIPOVÁ, Eva
This bachelor thesis is focused on the history of nursing care for the mentally ill in the Czech Republic and Finland. It is written chronologically from ancient history to the present time. The whole thesis summarizes the development of nursing for the mentally ill, the system of care and education for nurses in psychiatry in the Czech Republic and Finland. The aim is to describe the development of nursing care for patients with mental disorders. The work deals with the system of mental health care and education for nursing staff in these countries. This thesis is theoretical. It was necessary to visit the Prague City Archives and the National Archives to obtain historical sources. Other important sources used in this thesis were professional literature, literature dealing with the issue in the present and historical books. In past, people thought that mental disorders are natural phenomena. In ancient times, the temples were established for mentally ill people. During that time, Greek physician and philosopher Hippocrates had great significance. In the Middle Ages, people with mental disorders were considered to be possessed by evil spirits, so treatment was mainly in isolation. In modern period, the first insane asylums were built. In the twentieth century psychiatry was influenced by Sigmund Freud with his theory about the origin of mental illness. The turning point of this time was also in the use of shock therapy and psychopharmacological discovery. Psychiatry deals with the development and strengthening of mental health and its prevention. The Czech Republic has a system of interconnected services in psychiatry, such as psychiatric clinic, clinical-psychological clinic, inpatient facilities and community care. Psychiatry in our country is under-funded, care is unsatisfactory and development is delayed compared to other countries of the European Union. Strategy for the reform of mental health care in our country has a goal to increase the quality of life of people with mental disorders. The current state is that outpatient psychiatrists are overloaded, and there is materially and technically outdated equipment in psychiatric hospitals. Our psychiatric care has much more institutional position, because it failed to systematically develop community psychiatry. But perspective is quite dense network of psychiatric and clinical-psychological clinics, which could help in moving the focus of care from inpatient facility into the natural environment of the client. The reform will also try to improve the education of nurses in psychiatry. According to Czech legislation, there is not a condition to be specialized in nurses working in psychiatry. Nurses, in the best possibility, should have university education that enables students to acquire the necessary knowledge for the profession. Even competencies are determined. Finland has a health care system based on taxes. Important medical centres provide prevention, medical examinations and screenings. Specialized care is provided in hospitals. Formerly more institutional care dominated, however today outpatient and community services greatly extended their service. Psychiatric hospitals were abolished, leaving only the psychiatric departments of general hospitals. Nursing education in Finland is carried out at the Universities of Applied Sciences. The nurse's role is health promotion, disease prevention and rehabilitation. The nurse in Finland is independent and responsible for the decisions made during the day which also supports the Code of Ethics for Nurses which is the last chapter of this thesis. The aim of the thesis is to map the development of nursing care for patients with mental disorders. One of the major findings is a significant evolution of psychiatry, when, at any time, psychiatry was viewed from different perspective. The work may serve as study material for students in medical fields, for professionals or for anyone interested in the history of psychiatry nursing.
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View of the students majoring in Nurse on practical training in selected wards.
CANDROVÁ, Eliška
At the beginning of the 21st century has the nurssing care been undergoing and constantly is undergoing some significant changes. These changes are related to the admission of the Czech Republic into the European Union, where healthcare is transformed and demands for professional training of nurses are increasing. Because of the indispensable position of general nurses in the health care system, it is essential that to create conditions for education to meet all the training requirements. Understanding students' stance in this area can help to plan practical lessons and can also reveal both the strengths and weaknesses of practical training in selected departments. The aim of the diploma thesis was to find out how students of the general nurse field perceive professional practical training in selected departments and which categories they most often mention in their essays. Following the set of objectives, the hypothesis and three research questions were established. For the empirical part of the diploma thesis was used the research method of content analysis of data in which a quantitative and qualitative approach was applied. In terms of quantitative data analysis, the technique of frequency analysis was chosen and, in order to achieve a deeper meaning of the content structure of the text, a qualitative content analysis of the data was used where the valency analysis technique was used. The results of the research show that the practical training significantly influences the nursing staff, the possibility to learn professional skills, the contribution of practical practical training, mentor nurse, patients / clients, communication at the workplace, the possibility of working with documentation and attendance at the visit and the number of students Practice. Other factors that affect student practical training are apprehensions and fear, stress and psychological difficulty of general nurse work, adherence to the principles of barrier nursing care, supervision, and burnout. The diploma thesis can help to improve the quality and planning of practical education in the bachelor study field general nurse and as a valuable feedback for the students. It can also be used as a basis for the elaboration of a specialized article and for further research.
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Information technology in nursing education
ŠKVOROVÁ, Denisa
The thesis on Information Technology in Nursing Education focuses in the theoretical part on defining the history of nursing education and defines the differences with the education of the present, also points to legislative norms related to nursing education. It then describes the learning process and defines the concepts of online education and e-learning. Two objectives and two hypotheses have been identified within the research part of the thesis. The first objective was to determine the use of online education by general nurses. The second objective was to determine the use of e-learning by students of both daily and combined forms. Therefore, two hypotheses were set for these objectives: H1: Higher education nurses use online learning more than non-college nurses and also H2: Students in the combined form of study use e-learning more than full-time students. Hypotheses have been set for chi quadrate testing and are included in the thesis including an alternative and zero hypothesis. The data for the quantitative research of this diploma thesis was obtained through two non-standardized questionnaires. The first questionnaire focused on the use of eLearning in students of both the day and the combined form of study, and the second was designed to identify the use of online nursing education. Both questionnaires were structured and contained both open and closed questions. The questionnaire survey was anonymous. Respondents were addressed throughout the Czech Republic. It was a deliberate choice. The first questionnaire contained 29 questions and the return was 387 questionnaires, of which 4 questionnaires were excluded due to incomplete or incorrect filling. The second questionnaire contained 31 questions, returning 246 questionnaires, of which 6 questionnaires were excluded due to incomplete or incorrect filling. A quantitative research survey was conducted between March and April 2017. Both questionnaires were distributed only electronically through social networks in sister and healthcare groups and societies. The research has confirmed the hypothesis that students use e-learning for learning, and in particular, students from the combined form of study use it more than in full-time study. Nurses do not use online lessons, but college-educated nurses use it more than high school educated. Among the barriers to education, the two groups of respondents most often have the same items, namely lack of time, lack of motivation and lack of courses that the respondents would be interested in. For the benefit of eLearning and online learning, compared to traditional forms of education, both groups agree on the positive values of consensus. In terms of the positive aspects of these forms of education, the two groups again agree on the low financial demands of both forms, the benefits of home accessibility and the possibility of selecting a topic according to one another. The groups also agree with the limitations of the studied forms of education - they refer in particular to the focus of the courses on the theory and the inability to test the findings in practice.
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Health and educational competence of nurses in GP surgeries for adults
BRYNDOVÁ, Jitka
This thesis deals with health education competences of nurses. The theoretical part deals with the term of health, factors, which influence it and health support In the research part, there are defined three objectives. Objective 1 aims to find out whether nurses in doctors´ surgeries use health education competencies. Objective 2 aims to determine how nurses carry out health education competencies. Objective 3 aims to determine the most common areas of health educational activities of nurses at general practitioners. There were given three research questions: the first research question: Do nurses utilize health education competencies in doctors´ surgeries? The second research question: How do nurses realize the health education competencies? The third research question: What are the most common areas of health educational activities of nurses at general practitioners? For the thesis we have chosen a form of qualitative research, method of semi-standardized interview. The interview consists of open questions, within which respondents can express individually. The group of respondents consisted of eight nurses working in GP surgeries for adults and in the research survey are marked as "S". Interviews were transcribed and subsequently a categorization was used. The categories are shown in the diagrams. The results show that nurses carry out and realize the health education activities in GP surgeries. Hereby the first research question is answered. What the nurses imagine under the concept of health education activities is clear from the results. The majority opinion is about population or client education in a certain area. For the second research question concerning the method of realization of health education activities, it was found that nurses most often educate clients by the interview, this response was included in all interviews. (See Diagram 2). The third research question is related to health education activities. The results show the age groups that nurses educate the most often. It is, in most cases the elderly. (See Diagram 5). In the thesis, there were defined three objectives. The first was to determine whether nurses in GP surgeries use health education competencies. Analyzing the results it was found that the nurses use it. All the nurses answered the questions concerning this objective positively. The second of the three objectives, which was to find out how nurses carry out health education competencies, was also fulfilled. Nurses educate clients most often by the interview, some of them use information leaflets, some use them minimally and two of the eight nurses use the TV in the waiting room. The third objective dealing with the most common area of health education activities of nurses at general practitioners was also fulfilled. Analyzing the interviews we examined the areas within nurses use the health education activities most often. Objectives of the thesis were fulfilled. It was found that nurses carry out health education activities, but they would like to have more time for it.
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How do practical skills acquired during study effect future employability of students of nursery and their future professional ambitions
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis examines the influence of practical nurse education field on commencement of employment and another focus of future. Nurses are educated in a three-year training programs in accordance with the public notice number 39/2005. Program is divided into theoretical part and practical part. Practical part is 2 300 hours, so half of the total 4 600 hours. Professional practice is a subject that provides students with skills and knowledge. Students improve their skills and habits. They apply the knowledge gained during the theoretical part of education. Theoretical part is divided into 5 sections. The first part relates to nursing and its history. The second part is about who is actually nurse, what are her roles and responsibilities. The third part is devoted training nurses. The fourth part is concerned with the practical teaching areas, the work of professional practice, and the responsibilities of the student nurse the field due to the practical teaching. The fifth part is devoted to the motivation of nurses in the Czech Republic.
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Mentor in Nursing {--} Evaluation and Innovation of the Course.
MOKREJŠOVÁ, Pavlína
The Diploma thesis is focused on evaluation and innovation of a mentor course. Based on the analysis of 11 educational programmes in certificated courses we found out that the courses are not unified. We chose one of the analysed mentor courses called ``Supervisor of clinical practice`` at the Faculty of Health Care Studies of the University of West Bohemia in Pilsen. The main goals of our research were: 1. to find out the opinions of the mentor course gradutes on the course, 2. to identify possible shortcomings of the courses for clinical practice mentors, 3. to suggest innovation of the current courses. The empiric part of the Diploma thesis was worked on a quantitative research technique to find information required. The data collected through semi-structured interviews were formed into casuistries and subsequently categorised in the tables. Respondents praised the length, the number of participants and the overall structure of their course but they considered the practical part of the course to be insufficient in the extent and the lack of experienced clinical mentors. So a draft proposal of the course was prepared. Our research found some shortcomings of the courses and resulted into a course innovation. The analysis used by the Ministry of Health should help unify educational programmes of mentor courses.
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