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Pathogenic trichomonads in cats and dogs
Vobořilová, Pavlína ; Tachezy, Jan (advisor) ; Hampl, Vladimír (referee)
Trichomonads are anaerobic flagellated protists that are either parasites or commensals. They frequently inhabit digestive, respiratory, and urogenital tracts of vertebrates, including domestic cats and dogs. In these hosts, four trichomonad species has been described: Tetratrichomonas canistomae and Tetratrichomonas felistomae that are commensals of the host oral cavity; Pentatrichomonas hominis, a commensal of intestinal tract that could be found in dogs and cats but also in other mammals including humans; and pathogenic Tritrichomonas foetus that causes, in addition to cattle infection, feline intestinal trichomonosis. Although, trichomonads in dogs and cats are probably of cosmopolitan distribution we have no information about their presence in Czech Republic. The first aim of this study was to distinguish types of trichomonads present in the oral cavity of dogs and cats and to get preliminary epidemiological data. The second aim was to demonstrate the presence of Tritrichomonas foetus in cats and dogs in the Czech Republic and to identify potential risk factors for the disease. Cultivation and nested PCR were used to determine the presence of trichomonads in dogs and cats. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis based on ITS1-5.8rRNA-ITS2 gene sequence was used to identify species of isolated...
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Pathogenic trichomonads in cats and dogs
Vobořilová, Pavlína ; Tachezy, Jan (advisor) ; Hampl, Vladimír (referee)
Trichomonads are anaerobic flagellated protists that are either parasites or commensals. They frequently inhabit digestive, respiratory, and urogenital tracts of vertebrates, including domestic cats and dogs. In these hosts, four trichomonad species has been described: Tetratrichomonas canistomae and Tetratrichomonas felistomae that are commensals of the host oral cavity; Pentatrichomonas hominis, a commensal of intestinal tract that could be found in dogs and cats but also in other mammals including humans; and pathogenic Tritrichomonas foetus that causes, in addition to cattle infection, feline intestinal trichomonosis. Although, trichomonads in dogs and cats are probably of cosmopolitan distribution we have no information about their presence in Czech Republic. The first aim of this study was to distinguish types of trichomonads present in the oral cavity of dogs and cats and to get preliminary epidemiological data. The second aim was to demonstrate the presence of Tritrichomonas foetus in cats and dogs in the Czech Republic and to identify potential risk factors for the disease. Cultivation and nested PCR were used to determine the presence of trichomonads in dogs and cats. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis based on ITS1-5.8rRNA-ITS2 gene sequence was used to identify species of isolated...
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Comparison of methods for determination of Neisseria meningitidis in Nemocnice ČB a.s.
SKOŘEPOVÁ, Lucie
Molecular biology methods are of great importance for routine diagnostics of infections diseases. In this work two such methods were compared for the case of diagnostics of Neisseria meningitides in Nemocnice ČB a.s. Nemocnice ČB a.s. is a municipal hospital owned by South Bohemia Region. I hypothesised that real-time polymerase chain reaction provides lower analysis time compared to nested polymerase chain reaction. These two methods are routinely used in Central Laboratories of the hospital and it is feasible to use both of them for the diagnostics of Neisseria meningitides. During the investigation I have found another method useful for the diagnostics of this pathogen. Latex agglutination test is an immunological reaction used to detect antibodies which appear as an immune response to infection. In spite of very quick output, the immunological origin of the latex agglutination test brings serious limitations: any suppression of the immune response or degradation of the antibodies leads to false negative results of the test. Lower reliability of the latex agglutination test compared to various polymerase chain reactions based on the detection of bacterial DNA strengthen my devotion to compare the two methodologies of reliable polymerase chain reaction and led to a decision not to include the latex agglutination test into the original research plane. In good agreement with the original expectation, practical evaluation of tests based on real-time polymerase chain reaction and on nested polymerase chain reaction displayed significant differences in the analysis time (3 h 40 min versus 7 h 30 min respectively). Another advantage of the test based on real-time polymerase chain reaction is its higher sensitivity of one order of magnitude more than in the test based on nested polymerase chain.
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