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Myth and Art in the Structural Anthropology of Claude Lévi-Strauss
HORÁKOVÁ, Markéta
This thesis will deal with the work of Claude Lévi-Strausse, famous personality of French structuralism. It will focus on his application of structuralism in antropology, particularly the structural analysis of myth and art. The aim of the thesis will be to show contribution of Claude Lévi-Strauss to the structuralist investigation of culture and, alternatively, to theory of aesthetics.
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Artist book - inspired by greek mythology
NOVOTNÝ, Tomáš
This Thesis consists of two parts theoretical and practical. The theoretical part forms an integrated theoretical conception that seeks inspiration from Greek myths and offers creative starting points for the practical part which is the creative project of realization of an artist book. There are also described the origins and development of the mythical tradition in Greece. The main source of inspiration is found in the myths of origin by the epic poet Hésiodos. The mythical perspective on the origin in chaos is enhanced by the views of Pre-Socratic philosophers who influenced by the mythical tradition sought the rational origin, the primaeval existence. The artist book inspired by the myth of origin is produced in a shape of a folder of ten sheets in A2 format.
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Culture and Ritual
KOLESOVÁ, Lucie
The work deals with whole description of ritual theory. The first chapter focuses on ritual from point of view its function, rise and meaning in culture. The part two deals with ritual as performance, first of all relation ritual and theatre. The third chapter states some of typology of ritual and important representatives who occupies with ritual and some of theirs main opinions and ideas. The next chapter completes anthropological approaches to ritual with others important anthropologists, who represent this approaches. The fifth chapter devotes other types of ritual, as burial rituals, healing rituals, annual rituals, which are complete with description visual examples.
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Generic myths and facts relating to blindness phenomenon
PALETÁŘOVÁ, Renata
This diploma thesis devotes to the questions of general public awareness of themes like visual handicap, integration, the blind and their life in society. The aim was to find out, if fables and distorted images exist, which relate to the phenomenon of amaurosis; to compare the findings regarding the education of informants and also to specify the sources, from which people gather the information of the visual handicap. The thesis also maps the availability of the chosen source of information. The research has shown that people believe the fables and fames which are spread in our society. The most informed in the area of the visual handicap are undoubtedly the informants with university degree education, who gain their knowledge at the university, on the internet or from television. The books, which treat the above mentioned themes, are readily available and a few of them are to be found in every local library.
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Romany women and reproductive health
TREPPESCHOVÁ, Adéla
Reproduction health means ability to become pregnant, bear the full term and give birth to a healthy child. Every woman is responsible for her care for reproduction health. Health is also closely connected with love for family. Family is very important for Romani people as it is a source of power and deep roots and satisfies life necessities of its members. The thesis titled Romani Women and Reproduction Health deals mainly with the issues of reproduction health of Romani women which includes family planning of Romani women, pregnant Romani women, abortion, childbirth, contraception and also climacteric and preventive screening mammography. The issues connected with reproduction health are quite serious as preventive medical examinations are essential for subsequent treatment when a disease is diagnosed. The aim of the thesis was to find out whether or not there is any education in the area of family planning of Romani women; whether or not Romani women plan their parenthood; whether or not family planning is affected by the traditional Romani family pattern; at what age they give their first birth; whether or not Romani women undergo preventive gynaecological examinations; whether or not Romani women are informed about vaccination against uterine suppository cancer; and whether or not Romani women use hormonal substitution therapy during their climacteric. The hypotheses below were defined for these aims. The aim of the first hypothesis was to verify that there is no education in the area of family planning of Romani women. The hypothesis was verified by a questionnaire and its subsequent statistical evaluation. The aim of the second hypothesis was to verify that Romani women plan their pregnancy but this hypothesis was not verified. The aim of the third hypothesis was to verify that family planning of Romani women is affected by the traditional Romani family pattern which was not verified. The aim of the fourth hypothesis was to verify that Romani women give their first birth at the age of 17 or so. This hypothesis was verified by a questionnaire and its subsequent statistical evaluation. The aim of the fifth hypothesis was to verify that Romani women undergo preventive gynaecological examinations. This hypothesis was verified. The aim of the sixth hypothesis was to verify that Romani women are not informed about vaccination against uterine suppository cancer. This hypothesis was not verified. The aim of the seventh hypothesis was to verify that Romani women do not use hormonal replacement therapy during their climacteric. This hypothesis was verified. There were four research questions defined for a qualitative check. The first question concerned the fact how the lower socioeconomic status of Romani families affects the number of children being born. The second research question concerned the most frequent gynaecological diseases occurring of Romani women. The third question concerned the issues connected with pregnancy of Romani women. The fourth question concerned the fact whether or not Romani women let their daughters be vaccinated against uterine suppository cancer. The results of the research questions show that the informants did not have problems to become pregnant; when they had health problems during pregnancy they went to hospital to avoid complications; their lower socioeconomic status does not have any impact on the number of children in Romani families; five informants out of nine did not have any gynaecological problems; all Romani informants are informed about vaccination against uterine suppository cancer; and only three women out of nine would not let their daughters be vaccinated. A combination of quantitative and qualitative checks was used for the practical part of the thesis. A non-standardized interview and a questionnaire were used as the data collection technique. The research group consisted of Romani women of all age categories from České Budějovice.
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Atypical burials in medieval Bohemia
HLADÍKOVÁ, Miroslava
Tthis presented work is focused on a issue of atypical burials in medieval Bohemia. There are groups of people and the reasons which they led a community to such an action at that time. This work contains a summary of selected sites with the mentioned specific graves. Analysis and evaluation of character and significance of atypical burials in a medieval community is a part of this work.
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"A Drudgery Towards the Other Life" William Blake - a Prophet In Modern World?
KOPEČNÁ, Zuzana
The thesis deals with life and particularly works of William Blake, one of the most prominent representatives of English poetry and art. His work stems from his dissatisfaction and resistance to religious and secular doctrines. He is known as an original poet, an engraver and a painter, a graphic artist and an illustrator, as well as a mystic and a visionary. In the midst of the birth of the modern world, during the War of Independence, the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution, he considered his talent for design and his predispositions of the Old Testament prophets a direct inspiration for him and his prophetic mission. He identified with all types of oppression and enslavement of humanity and tried to gibbet them in his works. He mainly criticised repressed sexuality, which according to him leads to wars, industrialism and perverted science. The apocalyptic character of many of his works is closely related to the time in which he lived and worked. These are mainly so-called prophetic books, which he also printed, and in which he used synthesis of artistic means. Most of his life he spent in poverty and solitude, misunderstood and despised. This reassured him of his real prophetic destiny. Blake?s work became an inspiration for following generations of artists; but only the 20th century fully discovered him and understood the importance of his prophetic vision. Blake sees a redemptive power of the real art, which helps cleanse people?s inner eyes, and gives them the opportunity to be freed from enslaving forces.
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Japanese mythology - choice myths, legends and deities
NEUBAUEROVÁ, Kristýna
This thesis, which focuses on the japanese mythology, is divided into four chapters. First part describe oldest cultural and religious development in Japan. Secound chapter have as one´s task to define japanese religion and fundamental terms connected with it. Semifinal part is devoted mythology, let us say mythological trends in Japan. Part of this chaps are oldest legends from chronicle Kodziki and adumbration of other documents which treat of mythology. Four part is concerned with contemporary comprehension of religious tradition. At the close work is lumped opinion of contemporary religious practice.
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Ethical Dilemma and Ethical Conflict in European Culture
MAŇUROVÁ, Petra
The diploma work deals with ethical dilemmas and conflicts in the European culture. It examines the disturbance of the human destiny in the paradigmatic characters of Antigone and Hamlet. On the basis of the two tragedies, the diploma work tries to reconstruct ethical teaching standing in the background of these two pieces of work. The diploma work is divided into four main chapters. In the first two chapters I concentrated, on the basis of professional literature, on the principal works Antigone and Hamlet. Then I handled the personality of the main characters, their contemplation of the problem, their thinking about how to make a decision and how they came to the way to solve their own situation. The third chapter deals with disturbance of human destiny. The fourth chapter is a synthesis of all the information which I gained while dealing with the topic of the diploma work.
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On the Role of Man in the World (Contemplations in the Late Works of Jan Patočka)
PIZINGER, David
Annotation This work is interested in the late philosophy of Jan Patočka. The leading idea is to find basic motives in Patočka{\crq}s concept of The care of soul, and tries to make a connection to his life and social context. One of the most important expressions of the social reality is art. Jan Patočka{\crq}s continuing theme was the problem of human exsitence. How to live an authentic life. The post modern art is also interested in being authentic. The man according to Patočka is a personality determined by going out of his self and by finding this self from a different point of view. That is the question for performing arts: How to express the inside to be visible, how to make it a partner of a dialogue? Which means that Jan Patočka{\crq}s philosophy can be realized by some special kind of praxis. A praxis which is not practical as such. In the works of Jan Patočka, Being and social role play a substantial role. The problem of narration {--} a myth as a part of the process of young man{\crq}s identification and his acceptance from the society. The question of how to be a part of a society implicates another one: what are the foundations of society? What is the idea of European society? Questions concerning the heritage of Europe are {--} in anticipation {--} questions about the sense of Europe (or the European Union) today. In general, is there a possibility to live together, in any kind of human comunity? Through society he gets back to individuality with its questions. Patočka tries to ask concrete questions, expecting answers from Being itself. What is important: he doesn{\crq}t want to make a comprehensive system (following the example of Platón), he only urgently seeks the questions which can open the Being's truth. The sources: This work uses Jan Patočka`s texts from the 1970s. It compares them with texts from the field of art and tries to find their historical context.
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