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Sezónní proměnlivost druhů \kur{Euphrasia stricta} a \kur{Euphrasia nemorosa} na Šumavě a v Předšumaví
BOČKOVÁ, Pavla
Euphrasia is a taxonomically complicated genus of hemiparasitic plants. It is able to form morphologically different aestival and autumnal types. In this thesis new type of aestival plants recently found in Šumava Mts was studied and compared with geographically close populations of E. stricta and E. nemorosa. Seasonal variation of these two species and aestival type and differences between populations of E. stricta from Šumava Mts and from its foothill were also studied.
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Morphometric analysis of sex differences of chameleon \kur{Rhampholeon brevicaudatus}
VIK, Daniel
In recent years, it is becoming a very popular breed of so-called dwarf chameleons ( Brookesia genera , Rhampholeon and Rieppeleon ), especially for their size and also very interesting look that is the exact opposite of big colorful chameleons ( genus Furcifer ) . The most common species from these dwarfs chameleons is Rhampholeon brevicaudatus A major challenge for most breeders , however, the sex determination in these dwarf chameleons . This work aims to bring the issue of sexual dimorphism in these dwarf chameleons. Sexual dimorphism in these chameleon show to a longer and wider tail males due reproduction organs in hemipenes pockets. These hemipenes pockets are clearly visible. Among other differences identified are longer, wider and taller head of males and long bones of the limbs, as humerus and femur of males.
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Morphometric and genetic analysis of group \kur{Centaurea macroptilon}
OTISKOVÁ, Veronika
Centaurea macroptilon group includes taxa Centaurea macroptilon, Centaurea oxylepis, Centaurea indurata and hybrids. In this master thesis we compared morphological and genetic variation among taxa of this group. Based on the results of morphometric and molecular analyzes we re-considered current taxonomic concept of studied species and suggested changes.
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Taxonomic study of the Eurasian taxa of Tortula muralis (Pottiaceae, Musci) complex
KOŠNAR, Jiří
The thesis aims at clarifying the taxonomic difficulties in the Tortula muralis complex. For the first time, the group was studied by means of morphometric analysis, ploidy level assessment by flow cytometry, and molecular analysis based on sequencing of ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Morphometric and cytometric studies found only two well distinguished groups within the complex. These groups corresponded to the markedly variable species T. muralis and to the rather uniform species T. lingulata. Variability in ITS sequences suggested extensive gene flow among some of traditional morphologically defined taxa of the complex. Multiple polytopic autopolyploid origin of polyploids was revealed in some taxa. Changes in taxonomic conception of T. muralis complex were proposed in order to reflect structure of morphological, karyological, and DNA variability in the group. Natural hybridization is probably an important evolutionary mechanism that generated morphological diversity and taxonomic complexity in the mosses of T. muralis complex.
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Morphometric analysis of viviparous lizard (Zootoca vivipara) in the Czech republic
KREJČÍ, Tomáš
Zootoca vivipara is the smallest of four species of lizard occurring in the Czech Republic. For many species of lizards sexual dimorphism was found in different characters and their presence was predicted also in this species. Eight characters were measured: total body length, snout {--} vent length, tail length, head length, head width, number of ventral scales, number of femoral pores and number of lamellae under the fourth finger of hind leg. Analyzed specimens from collections of Prague National Museum came from two areas {--} Šumava and Děčínský Sněžník. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for the Šumava area showed sexual dimorphism: males were larger in total body length, in tail length, in head length, in head width and had higher number of femoral pores than females. Females had higher number of ventral scales than males. Analysis of covariance for the Děčínský Sněžník area showed sexual dimorphism in total body length, in tail length, in head length and in head width. All these characters were higher in males. Females had higher number of ventral scales. Variability of some characters showed dependence on altitude. Significant dependence on altitude investigated by analysis of covariance was detected in specimens from the Šumava area in total body length, in tail length and head length: the values of all these characters decreased with increasing altitude. Head width exhibited significant dependence on altitude only in absolute values (ANOVA): the values decreased with increasing altitude. Specimens from the Děčínský Sněžník area exhibited significant dependence on altitude only in absolute values of body length, of head length and of head width. Analysis of covariance was not significant.
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Methodical notes to morphometric studies in ichthyology
Mazurová, E. ; Zukal, Jan ; Jurajda, Pavel
Comparison of 30 morphometric characters is made between measurements made by two persons and between re-measurements made by one person. There are considered statistically significant differences in both measurements, e.g. in characters on head (eye diameter) and on tail (tail height, minimum body height). Also the effect of increase of different characters amount is considered. That is induced by index expression of characters (in % of body length, head length, total body length).
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