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Energy efficiency of hydrogen utilization in transport
Mikulenka, Karel ; Kučera, Pavel (referee) ; Vopařil, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis analyses current possibilities of hydrogen usage in transport. Hydrogen is by scientific community viewed as a possible answer to ever growing emissions from transport and their negative affect on the environment. The work introduces the most significant advantages of hydrogen usage as a fuel in comparison to its counterpart combustion engine and battery vehicles. Two means of obtaining energy from hydrogen in a vehicle itself shall be described which are hydrogen combustion and fuel cells. Further shall be made analysis of current possibilities for potential end customer pertaining vehicle and fuel availability. In the end is given a general description of hydrogen transport implementation in Czech Republic and its energetic cost and efficiency within an overall hydrogen economy.
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The Conversion Efficiency of Different Kinds of Energy into Electrical Energy and the Possibility of its Accumulation
Ostruška, Jan ; Bartošík, Tomáš (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
The thesis deals with the issues of the conversion efficiency of different kinds of energy into electric energy. Firstly, the thesis presents a brief introduction into types of energy sources and their capacity. Then, conversion efficiency of particular direct and indirect conversion is scrutinized, pointing to factors which affect conversion efficiency. The next chapter deals with the possibilities of accumulating electric energy. These are analysed as far as conversion efficiency is concerned as well and the end of the chapter concludes with comparison of these particular possibilities. Booth parts of the process – power generation and its accumulation – are connected in comprehensive scheme of energy conversions. The thesis develops on this scheme by mathematic description of its components and by designing a simulation programme, which would show the flow of energy in the scheme.
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Possibilities osf hydrogen storage for its utilization in transport
Marek, Jiří ; Čáslavský, Josef (referee) ; Kizlink, Juraj (advisor)
The thesis focuses on a topical issue: formation of new energy system based on hydrogen, also known as Hydrogen economy, with detailed focus on the possibilities of hydrogen storage, as one of the main drawbacks of this concept. The thesis presents four main areas of today's research (metal and chemical hydrides, high-porosity materials and physical storage). Each of the possibilities is presented in relation to the current state of technology, research and development. The author of the thesis attempts to provide an overview of current trends and possible development of each of the materials. All in all, the thesis provides a complete overview of the current state of technology, trends in research and also a broader socio economic context of the researched topic.
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Risk analysis of energy storage
Albert, Tomáš ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the risk of accumulation of electrical energy and problems with its storage. The first part describes the various storage systems of electricity and are given their advantages and disadvantages. In the second part systems are compared against each other. The final section is intended suitability of each system and its use for application in the vicinity of Brno.
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Thin-film catalysts for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers and unitized regenerative fuel cells
Kúš, Peter ; Matolín, Vladimír (advisor) ; Napporn, Teko Wilhelmin (referee) ; Plecenik, Tomáš (referee)
This dissertation thesis revolves around hydrogen economy and energy-storage electrochemical systems. More specifically, it investigates the possibility of using magnetron sputtering for deposition of efficient thin-film anode catalysts with low noble metal content for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEM-WEs) and unitized regenerative fuel cells (PEM-URFCs). The motivation for this research derives from the urgent need of minimizing the price of mentioned electrochemical devices should they enter mass production. Numerous experiments were carried out, correlating the actual in-cell performance with the varying position of thin-film catalyst within the membrane electrode assembly, with the composition of high-surface support sublayer and with the chemical structure of the catalyst itself. The wide arsenal of analytical methods ranging from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy through scanning electron microscopy to photoelectron spectroscopy allowed us to describe complex phenomena behind different obtained efficiencies. Consequent systematic optimizations led to the design of novel PEM-WE anode thin-film iridium catalyst with thickness of just 50 nm, supported on optimized TiC-based sublayer which performed similarly to standard counterparts despite using just a fraction of their noble metal...
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Thin-film catalysts for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers and unitized regenerative fuel cells
Kúš, Peter ; Matolín, Vladimír (advisor)
This dissertation thesis revolves around hydrogen economy and energy-storage electrochemical systems. More specifically, it investigates the possibility of using magnetron sputtering for deposition of efficient thin-film anode catalysts with low noble metal content for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEM-WEs) and unitized regenerative fuel cells (PEM-URFCs). The motivation for this research derives from the urgent need of minimizing the price of mentioned electrochemical devices should they enter mass production. Numerous experiments were carried out, correlating the actual in-cell performance with the varying position of thin-film catalyst within the membrane electrode assembly, with the composition of high-surface support sublayer and with the chemical structure of the catalyst itself. The wide arsenal of analytical methods ranging from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy through scanning electron microscopy to photoelectron spectroscopy allowed us to describe complex phenomena behind different obtained efficiencies. Consequent systematic optimizations led to the design of novel PEM-WE anode thin-film iridium catalyst with thickness of just 50 nm, supported on optimized TiC-based sublayer which performed similarly to standard counterparts despite using just a fraction of their noble metal...
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Energy efficiency of hydrogen utilization in transport
Mikulenka, Karel ; Kučera, Pavel (referee) ; Vopařil, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis analyses current possibilities of hydrogen usage in transport. Hydrogen is by scientific community viewed as a possible answer to ever growing emissions from transport and their negative affect on the environment. The work introduces the most significant advantages of hydrogen usage as a fuel in comparison to its counterpart combustion engine and battery vehicles. Two means of obtaining energy from hydrogen in a vehicle itself shall be described which are hydrogen combustion and fuel cells. Further shall be made analysis of current possibilities for potential end customer pertaining vehicle and fuel availability. In the end is given a general description of hydrogen transport implementation in Czech Republic and its energetic cost and efficiency within an overall hydrogen economy.
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|
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Thin-film catalysts for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers and unitized regenerative fuel cells
Kúš, Peter ; Matolín, Vladimír (advisor)
This dissertation thesis revolves around hydrogen economy and energy-storage electrochemical systems. More specifically, it investigates the possibility of using magnetron sputtering for deposition of efficient thin-film anode catalysts with low noble metal content for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEM-WEs) and unitized regenerative fuel cells (PEM-URFCs). The motivation for this research derives from the urgent need of minimizing the price of mentioned electrochemical devices should they enter mass production. Numerous experiments were carried out, correlating the actual in-cell performance with the varying position of thin-film catalyst within the membrane electrode assembly, with the composition of high-surface support sublayer and with the chemical structure of the catalyst itself. The wide arsenal of analytical methods ranging from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy through scanning electron microscopy to photoelectron spectroscopy allowed us to describe complex phenomena behind different obtained efficiencies. Consequent systematic optimizations led to the design of novel PEM-WE anode thin-film iridium catalyst with thickness of just 50 nm, supported on optimized TiC-based sublayer which performed similarly to standard counterparts despite using just a fraction of their noble metal...
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Thin-film catalysts for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers and unitized regenerative fuel cells
Kúš, Peter ; Matolín, Vladimír (advisor) ; Napporn, Teko Wilhelmin (referee) ; Plecenik, Tomáš (referee)
This dissertation thesis revolves around hydrogen economy and energy-storage electrochemical systems. More specifically, it investigates the possibility of using magnetron sputtering for deposition of efficient thin-film anode catalysts with low noble metal content for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEM-WEs) and unitized regenerative fuel cells (PEM-URFCs). The motivation for this research derives from the urgent need of minimizing the price of mentioned electrochemical devices should they enter mass production. Numerous experiments were carried out, correlating the actual in-cell performance with the varying position of thin-film catalyst within the membrane electrode assembly, with the composition of high-surface support sublayer and with the chemical structure of the catalyst itself. The wide arsenal of analytical methods ranging from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy through scanning electron microscopy to photoelectron spectroscopy allowed us to describe complex phenomena behind different obtained efficiencies. Consequent systematic optimizations led to the design of novel PEM-WE anode thin-film iridium catalyst with thickness of just 50 nm, supported on optimized TiC-based sublayer which performed similarly to standard counterparts despite using just a fraction of their noble metal...
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The Conversion Efficiency of Different Kinds of Energy into Electrical Energy and the Possibility of its Accumulation
Ostruška, Jan ; Bartošík, Tomáš (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
The thesis deals with the issues of the conversion efficiency of different kinds of energy into electric energy. Firstly, the thesis presents a brief introduction into types of energy sources and their capacity. Then, conversion efficiency of particular direct and indirect conversion is scrutinized, pointing to factors which affect conversion efficiency. The next chapter deals with the possibilities of accumulating electric energy. These are analysed as far as conversion efficiency is concerned as well and the end of the chapter concludes with comparison of these particular possibilities. Booth parts of the process – power generation and its accumulation – are connected in comprehensive scheme of energy conversions. The thesis develops on this scheme by mathematic description of its components and by designing a simulation programme, which would show the flow of energy in the scheme.
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