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Thermal analysis of fuels
Šrámek, Zbyněk ; Hrnčířová, Michaela (referee) ; Moskalík, Jiří (advisor)
The main goal of this thesis is to introduce the field of thermal analysis as an independent scientific discipline. The first section is mostly informative and introduces into a concept of thermal analysis. The second part describes the most fundamental and essential methods of thermal analysis and the last section is focused on evaluating a real thermogravimetric experiment which deals with biomass sample.
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Utilization of biomass for the energy purposes
Romanová, Kristýna ; Ing.Ondřej Kosík, Ph.D. (referee) ; Flodrová, Dana (advisor)
The theoretical part of work focuses on the issue of biomass used for energy purposes, in particular agricultural waste, which can be used as a substrate for biogas station. Furthermore, examines the composition of polymer substrates, which affects most biogas process. The aim of this work was to measure each sample of enzyme activity of biomass, which is used as a raw material for biogas plants.
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Secretory pathway in plant cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis and FT-IR spectroscopy methods in plant cell wall composition analysis
Glanc, Matouš ; Žárský, Viktor (advisor) ; Votrubová, Olga (referee)
All plant cells are encapsulated in a cell wall that determines the cells' shape and size and is essential to many of their vital processes. The cell wall of streptophyte plants is composed mainly of polysaccharides of high molecular weight. Cellulose, the main constituent of the plant cell wall, is synthesized by protein complexes bound to the PM, while hemicelluloses and pectins are synthesized in the Golgi apparatus. Several proteins that participate in the synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides have been identified, but hundreds of them remain to be discovered. Secretory pathway plays an important role in plant cell wall biogenesis as it transports cellulose synthase complexes and noncellulosic polysaccharide molecules to the cell surface. Some regulatory mechanisms that might be involved in cell wall material secretion, such as actin cytoskeleton, Ca2+ gradient or PIP kinases have been proposed; however, the regulation of this process is very complex and far from being understood. FT-IR spectroscopy is a method that can detect molecular vibrations and provide information about chemical composition of virtually all substances. It has been used successfully in screens for cell wall mutants, the study of interactions between cell wall polymers, as well as other areas of cell wall biology. FT-IR...
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Utilization of cellulose and hemicellulose as a source of energy by symbiotic protists and other organisms
Hammerbauerová, Iva ; Tachezy, Jan (advisor) ; Hrdý, Ivan (referee)
In this thesis I focus on the enzymatic degradation of plant structural polysaccharides cellulose and hemicellulose. I describe the enzymes involved in their lysis and their breakdown and their function and occurence among organisms. I also pay attention to the mechanisms of xylose and arabinose catabolism as pentoses found in hemicellulose. I describe some niches where cellulose and hemicellulose degradation takes place and organisms that take part in it. Finally I shortly point out the biotechnological importance of these organisms in the production of bioethanol.
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Secretory pathway in plant cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis and FT-IR spectroscopy methods in plant cell wall composition analysis
Glanc, Matouš ; Žárský, Viktor (advisor) ; Votrubová, Olga (referee)
All plant cells are encapsulated in a cell wall that determines the cells' shape and size and is essential to many of their vital processes. The cell wall of streptophyte plants is composed mainly of polysaccharides of high molecular weight. Cellulose, the main constituent of the plant cell wall, is synthesized by protein complexes bound to the PM, while hemicelluloses and pectins are synthesized in the Golgi apparatus. Several proteins that participate in the synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides have been identified, but hundreds of them remain to be discovered. Secretory pathway plays an important role in plant cell wall biogenesis as it transports cellulose synthase complexes and noncellulosic polysaccharide molecules to the cell surface. Some regulatory mechanisms that might be involved in cell wall material secretion, such as actin cytoskeleton, Ca2+ gradient or PIP kinases have been proposed; however, the regulation of this process is very complex and far from being understood. FT-IR spectroscopy is a method that can detect molecular vibrations and provide information about chemical composition of virtually all substances. It has been used successfully in screens for cell wall mutants, the study of interactions between cell wall polymers, as well as other areas of cell wall biology. FT-IR...
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Thermal analysis of fuels
Šrámek, Zbyněk ; Hrnčířová, Michaela (referee) ; Moskalík, Jiří (advisor)
The main goal of this thesis is to introduce the field of thermal analysis as an independent scientific discipline. The first section is mostly informative and introduces into a concept of thermal analysis. The second part describes the most fundamental and essential methods of thermal analysis and the last section is focused on evaluating a real thermogravimetric experiment which deals with biomass sample.
|
|
|
Utilization of biomass for the energy purposes
Romanová, Kristýna ; Ing.Ondřej Kosík, Ph.D. (referee) ; Flodrová, Dana (advisor)
The theoretical part of work focuses on the issue of biomass used for energy purposes, in particular agricultural waste, which can be used as a substrate for biogas station. Furthermore, examines the composition of polymer substrates, which affects most biogas process. The aim of this work was to measure each sample of enzyme activity of biomass, which is used as a raw material for biogas plants.
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