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Analýza vegetace plevelů ve vybraných polních plodinách
Hintnausová, Marie
This thesis is focused on the determination of weed communities in selected crops. The data from the monitoring were evaluated using canonical correspondence analysis, where it was found that the most weed species occurred in the spring barley stand with clover underseeding and in the winter barley. Weeds were further divided according to Ellenberg's values. We focused mainly on invasiveness (Index of invasive concern), biological relevance of weeds, nectar production, relationship to nitrogen, relationship to phosphorus, relationship to pH, salinity, ways of spreading seeds of weeds and relationship to soil disturbance. These ecological indicators of weed plants confirmed the claim that weed plants are able to indicate environmental conditions. In particular, this statement is supported by the results of the evaluation of the relation to nitrogen, the relation to phosphorus, the relation to pH and the relation to soil disturbance. The monitoring took place in the Vysočina region, Jihlava district, on the lands of the Zemědělské družstvo Velký Beranov company.
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Meziplodiny a zaplevelení obilnin
Pluschková, Zuzana
The aim of this master’s thesis was to determine the types of weeds in intercrops and subsequent cereals, to evaluate changesin weeding and to estimate the long-term effects of intercrops on cereal weeding. The weeding rate was evaluated using a numerical method. In the company Hoštická a. s., weeding was observed in various mixtures of intercrops and subsequently cultivated spring barley and maize. In a field experiment carried out at the experiment station Ivanovice na Hané weeding was observed in a barley monoculture after a sown intercrop and after skimming. The results were processed using statistical methods. Weed species were also divided according to different criteria (according to biological properties, according to origin, according to invasive status and according to harmfulness). The results show that monoculture of barley can increase the species representation of weeds. In the long term, intercrops can suppress some types of weeds. Intercrops allow the sprouts of the previous crop to emerge and prevent weeding of subsequent crops. As the diversity of intercrops increases, the list of ecosystem services expands.
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Vegetace na zemědělské půdě v blízkosti železničních tratí
Vidrmertová, Ivana
The aim of this study was to monitor the vegetation, species distribution and percent cover of each species in an orchard adjacent to a railway line. Three sites were selected for observation, namely the orchard inter-row, the path in the orchard and the railway embankment. Vegetation was assessed by phytocenological photographs, of which 18 were taken, each covering 10 m2. The observations were carried out in July and September 2022. The data were processed by principal component analysis (PCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA). At the same time, the data were tabulated according to habitat and date of observation. Thirty-eight plant species were found during the assessment, and individual weed species representation was distributed into five groups according to habitat. Among the species assessed, five invasive species were found - Amaranthus retroflexus, Cirsium arvense, Erigeron annuus, Setaria pumila and Solidago canadensis.
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Hodnocení výnosových prvků lineárních a hybridních odrůd pšenice ozimé (Triticum aestivum)
ŠÍR, Josef
This diploma thesis is focused on the subject of winter wheat, specifically on the field of its use, agrotechnical requirements, growth phases, fertilization, weeds in its growth and the creation of economic yield. The aim of the work is to compare the yield elements of selected linear and hybrid varieties of winter wheat. For this purpose, an attempt was set up on the school farm of secondary school of agricul-ture in Tábor with the linear varieties Chiron, Atuan, Ascaban, Pirueta and the hy-brid varieties Hyking, Hybiza, Hyvento, Hydrock, Sofru, when during the vegeta-tion time was determined and evaluated seed density, the number of ears before harvest, the number of grains in an ear and the grain yield achieved.
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Rozdíly v zaplevelení širokořádkových a úzkořádkových plodin
Kubínek, Marek
The task of this bachelor's thesis was evaluate weeds and evaluate the differences in weeding of narrow-row and wide-row crops. The evaluation took place on the land of AGROPOD Podolí a.s. and at the private farmer Ing. František Kubínek. Weeds were observed per 1 m2 in winter wheat, spring barley, maize and annual sunflower. The results were statistically evaluated using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). In narrowrow crops, weeds were recorded mainly from the families Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae, Convolvulaceae and Violaceae. These species were mainly creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense), white goosefoot (Chenopodium album), wild buckwheat (Fallopia convolvulus), field pansy (Viola arvensis) and others. Weed species of the families Chenopodiaceae, Asteraceae Asteraceae and Convolvulaceae have been found in broadleaved crops. The most common were white goosefoot (Chenopodium album), creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense), wild buckwheat (Fallopia convolvulus) and others.
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Hodnocení zaplevelení vybraných porostů cukrové řepy
Kollár, Milan
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the weeds of selected growths of sugar beet. The evaluation was carried out in 2018 and 2019 on selected plots of PRO-AGRO, spol. s r.o. in the district of Vyškov. Weed evaluation on selected plots was performed using numerical method. Three observation and evaluation dates were esta-blished, first one after sowing and at the time of emergence, second before 2nd or 3rd herbicide application and the last one through August to September. The most common occurrence in the first observation period was crumble of Winter Weat (Triticum aesti-vum) a white goosefoot (Chenopodium album). In the second term, the occurrence of Lambs Quarters (Chenopodium album), the Fool’s parsley (Aethusa cynapium) and the Comfrey medical (Symphytum officinale) were observed, while in the third term the biggest issue was weed beet (Beta vulgaris var. altissima).
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Influence of different tillage technology on the occurrence of weed species in cereals
JANUROVÁ, Eliška
The bachelor's thesis deals with the action of herbicides in terms of weed control in winter wheat. This is especially the occurrence of annual dicotyledonous weeds, herbaceous and perennial weed species. Of the selected herbicides, the best efficacy was found for the herbicide Mustang Forte in the conventional farming system and lower efficacy for Biathlon 4D when evaluated in a minimized mode of farming. The greatest herbicidal effect was recorded by Biathlon 4D against chamomile weeds.
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Influence of harrowing of wheat on weeds rate, yield parameters and quality of spelt.
BERÁNEK, Jaroslav
The diploma thesis deals with harrowing of spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L.) by the weeding harrows and its influence on weed frequency, yield and quality parameters of wheat. In the literature review there are described general cultivation principles for the growing of spelt (Triticum spelta L.) used in current agricultural practice. There is overview of the general principles of spelt wheat cultivation in the organic farming, available varieties in the Czech Republic and brief description of agricultural technology suitable for its cultivation. We also describe the types of weeds, their brief description and the possibility of reducing their frequency in the organic farming growing system. The literature review provides also information about the technology of harrowing cereal crops as a measure to control weeds and other positive aspects of harrowing on grain crops. In the practical part, data from a field trial were collected, where the effect of harrowing on the weed frequency, the influence of harrowing on spelt wheat tillering and other parameters were statistically evaluated and compared with results in the literature. At the end of the thesis, given the results evaluated in the practical part, it was determined whether it is appropriate to use harrowing as protection of spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L.), its number, influence on weed infestation and its influence on both the quantitative and qualitative properties of spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L.).
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Vliv hustoty výsevu na výnos u vybraných odrůd jarních obilnin
ŠÍR, Josef
Bachelor thesis focuses on cereals and their significance, individual phases of basic soil treatment, creation of economic yield, weeds and chemical means to regulate them. The aim of the work is to extend knowledge about factors that affect the density of sowing of selected varieties of spring cereals. In order to determine the impact of different density of sowing on the elements of the yield structure of the following varieties of spring cereals - wheat Kabot, barley Manta, barley Kvorning, barley Vendela, oats Poseidon and oats Ozon was founded an attempt at the school farm of SOŠ zemědělská Tábor. During the growing season, the basic yield elements were evaluated on the plot of land - the number of plants per m2, the number of ears per m2. During vegetation, the presence of weeds in cultivated spring cereals was discovered. During harvesting, the yield of the various varieties of spring cereals was examined.
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