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The Trade Relations between the Hanseatic League, Livonia, Veliky Novgorod and Pskov from the 12th to the early 16th Century
Smrž, Pavel ; Picková, Dana (advisor) ; Švec, Luboš (referee) ; Voloshchuk, Myroslav (referee)
SMRŽ, Pavel, The Trade Relations between the Hanseatic League, Livonia, Veliky Novgorod and Pskov from the 12th to the early 16th Century Abstract The thesis examines the historical dynamics of interactions between the Livonian state and the Hanseatic League on one side and their eastern counterparts, the cities of Novgorod and Pskov, on the other. The study's temporal scope spans from the 12th century to the early 16th century, respectively through the year 1503. During the 12th century, merchants hailing from Scandinavia and northern German regions initiated initial engagements with medieval Russia and the final treaty, dating from the era of Grand Prince of Moscow Ivan III, was ratified in 1503. This ruler, on one hand, definitively put an end to the political autonomy of Veliky Novgorod, and on the other hand, strengthened the ties between Pskov and Moscow, thereby significantly altering the political conditions in which the two cities coexisted with their Livonian neighbours and trade partners for three centuries. The author set several objectives in addressing the chosen topic. One of them was to, through content analysis of extensive source material, particularly diplomatic treaty texts, explain how the practical dynamics of relations between Novgorod, Pskov, and their Livonian partners operated, how...
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