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Molecular epidemiology of selected viral, bacterial and fungal disease of honeybees in the Czech Republic
Ryba, Štěpán ; Stopka, Pavel (advisor) ; Voříšek, Karel (referee) ; Půža, Vladimír (referee)
4 Summary Altogether, the six most common bee viruses which infect the honey bee (Apis mellifera) were monitored in the territory of the Czech Republic between 2006 and 2009. Parallel infections of viruses (DWV, ABPV and BQCV) in bee adults and parallel co- infection of viruses with fungal diseases caused by Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae were confirmed by PCR tests. A new sensitive method of detection of the originator of the American foulbrood (Paenibacillus larvae) from bee debris was developed for the practical use of detection of AFB disease in bee populations. Various approaches for the extraction of spores from bee debris and lyses of spores were compared. The sensitivity of PCR tests for the presence of Paenibacillus larvae in debris was compared with the classic cultivation method. The PCR method for the detection American foulbrood was further studied and developed to be more efficient. A new method, based on a matrix-like sample re-arrangement and a use of pooled samples, has been developed for testing 1000 samples in 35 PCR reactions. Another goal was to develop a robust and fast screening method for American foulbrood based on the cultivation test using paper sheets RIDA®COUNT with a specific cultivation medium, specific selection conditions for Paenibacillus larvae and chromogen visualization...
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Beekeping in Czech Republic
Kopecký, Jan ; Voříšek, Karel (advisor) ; Plachý, Vladimír (referee)
The purpose of my bachelor thesis is to compile the literature available to give an integrated summary of beekeeping in the Czech Republic and to describe the most serious illnesses of the bees. Such as bee the literature available American foulbrood end varroasis including brief processes how they can be healed or how to avoid them.
The importance of honeybee and its irreplaceable role in the ecosystem of our planet is described in the introduction of this thesis. It is mentioned that honeybee is often perceived only like a food source.
In the main part, the Czech beekeeping is divided according to the historical dating into a forest, collecting and rational beekeeping as well as into special type of beekeeping colled ,,brtnické''. Then there is a treatise on the formation and the importance of organizations associating Czech beekeepers through years. An additional part of the first half of the thesis is a summary of recently used hives, tools and also ways of unnatural bee´s feeding.
The second half of the main part is pursued to serious illnesses in the Czech Republic. This chapter is divided according to originators of illnesses on illnesses made by physical influences or unsuitable food, bacterial illnesses, fungous, viral and invasive illnesses. American foulbrood and illnesses caused by the mite Varroa destructor has the biggest importance because these illnesses make the biggest losses in the Czech Republic. Every illness has own characteristics, originator, clinical diagnostics and therapeutic possibilities.
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