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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.01 seconds. 
The influence of critical condition of patients on DNA damage
 Verešpejová, Natália ; Kuchařová, Monika (advisor) ; Bárta, Pavel (referee)
The first cases of patients with pneumonia which grew into an acute respiratory distress syndrome and caused breathing problems began to appear in December 2019. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the cause of a global pandemic and it is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A complex interplay of factors is responsible for the progression of the disease. Some studies suggest that it promotes oxidative stress and thus may lead to oxidative damage to cells and DNA. The purpose of this study was to observe the relationship between oxidative DNA damage and a critical condition caused by COVID-19 using a comet assay technique. The basic principle of the used method consists in fixation of lymphocytes in an agarose gel, removal of the membrane and cytoplasm of cells, incubation with specific enzymes and electrophoresis. In the process of electrophoresis, negatively charged DNA fragments migrates towards the anode and the cell thus acquires the typical shape of a comet. Comets are visualized using the DNA intercalation dye ethidium bromide. We quantified single - strand breaks and oxidized pyrimidines and purines by using specific enzymes (modification of the method for detecting specific lesions). Results are reported as % tail DNA, thus the percentage of DNA in the...
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Enantiomeric separation of drugs and their metabolites II
 Verešpejová, Natália ; Nobilis, Milan (advisor) ; Mokrý, Milan (referee)
Tramadol is centrally acting opioid analgesic drug. It is converted in liver by the enzyme CYP2D6 into active substance O-desmethyltramadol, responsible for analgesia. In clinical practise it is used as racemate. Each enantiomer displays different properties: (-)-tramadol inhibits noradrenaline reuptake and (+)-tramadol, which is therapeutically more effective, inhibits serotonin reuptake. It is indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate pain. This Bachelor's thesis deals with possibilities of determination of drug tramadol and its main metabolite in plasma by chromatographic separation methods, which are currently modern and progressive. Using chiral HPLC analysis with different types of detection, the drug was determined with high sensitivity and selectivity. Individual publications provide pharmacokinetic data of tramadol and its metabolite after oral administration of a single dose of drug to healthy volunteers. The determinations differ by chromatographic conditions, sample preparation, chemicals used and mainly total time of analysis. The results are stated and compared in the summary table.
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