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Preclinical atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries and its relation to venous thrombosis in patiens with thrombophilias
Auzký, Ondřej ; Piťha, Jan (advisor) ; Karetová, Debora (referee) ; Vaverková, Helena (referee)
The aim of our study was to evaluate association between venous disorders and preclinical atherosclerosis and its risk factors. The study was particularly focused on the association between cardiovascular risk factors and preclinical atherosclerosis with venous diseases represented by venous thromboembolism and/or symptoms of chronic venous disease evaluated by standard protocol. In our first study we evaluated the association between preclinical atherosclerosis and prevalence of venous thromboembolic events in patients with thrombophilias. Preclinical atherosclerosis might increase through its procoagulative action the risk of venous thromboembolism. Presence of preclinical atherosclerosis in common carotid and femoral arteries measured by ultrasound was assessed by Belcaro score (based mainly on presence of plaques) and by measurements of intima media thickness in the same location in 109 patients (43 men, mean age 41.5 ± 13 years) with established thrombophilias. Other parameters under study were age, presence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric and clinical data including blood pressure measurements and medication. The differences between 4 patients with (n = 47) and without (n = 62) thromboembolic events were assessed by paired t-test and chi square tests. In patients with a...
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Determinants of premature atherosclerosis in children with end-stage renal disease
Dvořáková, Hana Marie ; Piťha, Jan (advisor) ; Teplan, Vladimír (referee) ; Vaverková, Helena (referee)
Children with chronic renal failure are at extremely high risk of premature cardiovascular disease. In our work, we have shown that the measurement of carotis intima- media thickness (CIMT) with high resolution ultrasound is a suitable method for the diagnosis of early atherosclerotic changes especially in younger children. In contrast, flow mediated dilatation (FMD) according to our experience is not very suitable method for investigations in pediatrics because of its high variability. In our group of patients we did not find correlation of preclinical atherosclerosis measured by CIMT with any of the traditional cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight expressed as body mass index). In contrast, a significant negative correlation was found in the ESRD patients between the CIMT and serum bilirubin and albumin. On the one hand, these findings could indicate an impaired defending mechanisms against oxidative stress, which are considered one of the key factors in the development of atherosclerotic process, on the other hand they indicated an important role played by nutritional status in children with ESRD. In addition, we found strong evidence for significant correlations between CIMT and proteinuria as another discussed cardiovascular risk factor in boys, but not in girls. To our...
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Preclinical atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries and its relation to venous thrombosis in patiens with thrombophilias
Auzký, Ondřej ; Piťha, Jan (advisor) ; Karetová, Debora (referee) ; Vaverková, Helena (referee)
The aim of our study was to evaluate association between venous disorders and preclinical atherosclerosis and its risk factors. The study was particularly focused on the association between cardiovascular risk factors and preclinical atherosclerosis with venous diseases represented by venous thromboembolism and/or symptoms of chronic venous disease evaluated by standard protocol. In our first study we evaluated the association between preclinical atherosclerosis and prevalence of venous thromboembolic events in patients with thrombophilias. Preclinical atherosclerosis might increase through its procoagulative action the risk of venous thromboembolism. Presence of preclinical atherosclerosis in common carotid and femoral arteries measured by ultrasound was assessed by Belcaro score (based mainly on presence of plaques) and by measurements of intima media thickness in the same location in 109 patients (43 men, mean age 41.5 ± 13 years) with established thrombophilias. Other parameters under study were age, presence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric and clinical data including blood pressure measurements and medication. The differences between 4 patients with (n = 47) and without (n = 62) thromboembolic events were assessed by paired t-test and chi square tests. In patients with a...
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název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Štulc, Tomáš ; Češka, Richard (advisor) ; Vaverková, Helena (referee) ; Mareš, Jan (referee)
Lipid lowering treatment substantially reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The effects of lipid lowering go far beyond limiting the extent of atheroslcerotic lesions and decreasing the severity of atherosclerotic stenoses. Recently recognised effects of cholesterol on plaque stability, endothelial function, thrombosis, and plaque inflammation have been subject to intensive research during the past two decades. The effect lipid lowering treatment on the various aspects of the plaque development are being investigated in search of novel therapies to reduce the risk of ahterosclerosis. In this work, we examined cell adhesion molecules, microvascular reactivity and metalloproteinase PAPP-A in patients with hypercholesterolemia and investigated the effect of lipid lowering with atorvastatin and LDL-apheresis. Leukocyte and endothelial adhesion molecules mediate leukocyte recruitment into subendothelial space, contributing thus to plaque inflammation. PAPP-A is a protease which has been related to plaque instability and acute coronary events; it's role in stable atherosclerotic lesions hasn't been studied yet Microvascular reactivity is supposed to reflect endothelial function in the microvascular bed; the knowledge of the effect of hyperlipidemia on microvasculature is currently limited. Patients with...
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Pedagogical Evaluation of Child of Pre-school Age from the Point of View of Individualization
VAVERKOVÁ, Helena
ABSTRACT This bachelor{\crq}s thesis will aim to describe specific ways to diagnose child behaviour for a individual child.This means that there will be a description of ways how and what to observe, analyse and write down. My main foundation for the child appraisal and their behaviour in pre-school education will be : notes that form the play school organizing notebook, notesheets with the description of each childs behaviour, standard supplements from educational manuals RVP PV, Methodology for individual education support in pre-school, etc. Observations will be carried out individually as each child evolves at their own pace and advances differently in the process of learning and also the educational needs of each child differs. The research of my bachelor´s thesis will be carried out by the qualitative method of observing, analysis of secondary data, by technical inventory of development stages of selected target skills and personal characteristics. The practical session will illustrate some particular options, suggestions and techniques. These can be individually offered by the teacher in the pre-school educational process.
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