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Offer of the Building Company to the Public Tender
Dvořák, Ondřej ; Tlustoš, Petr (referee) ; Nováková, Jana (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is the approximation progress public commercial competition in the construction contract for the perspective of the construction undertaking. The theoretical part of the work deals with the concepts and facts of this issue. This section describes, in particular, the legal obligations of the parties involved, and the elements without which you cannot contest. The practical part will focus on the creation of a separate menu in the company and a separate course of public competition. The theoretical part will be drawn up using the supplied materials to commercial contest new nursery school.
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Chemical Properties of Flue Gas Desulphurization Gypsums from Different Energy Sources
Kroulíková, S. ; Mercl, F. ; Száková, J. ; Perná, Ivana ; Tlustoš, P.
There were compared flue gas desulphurization gypsums (FGDGs) from four different power plants in the Czech Republic on chemical properties (pH, total content of nutrients and risk elements) and then was assessed their potential for utilization in agriculture as fertilizer without any risk to the environment. According to our results, the FGDGs represent an important possible source of sulphur (17.8 – 19.0 %) and calcium (23.0 – 30.2 %) for reduction of their deficit in the soil. However, contents of arsenic and of mercury in three of the tested FGDGs not fulfil the limit values for fertilizers. In the future, the remaining FGDG is thus necessary to evaluate for its fertilizing effects in model and field conditions.\n\n
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The use of biomass ash
Ochecová, Pavla ; Tlustoš, Pavel (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
One of the most frequently used sources of renewable energy is biomass, mainly wood biomass. Incineration is the most common technology utilizing the energy from biomass to produce heat. A byproduct of these technologies is ash, whose composition depends on the feedstock composition and the incineration technologies. Due to the high content of valuable nutrients in ash, one of the suitable option for ash utilization seems to be application into agricultural or forestry land. Therefore, it is necessary to test response of soils and plants and look for the most suitable combination of soil additive (biomass ash), and plants. Experimental part of PhD thesis was divided into the incubation experiment and the vegetation pot experiments. The incubation experiment: The efficiency of ash addition at two application rates was tested for nutrients enrichment in different soils within period of 56 days. The vegetation pot experiments: The two plants Triticum aestivum L: (three-year experiment) and Lolium perenne L. (one-year experiment) were planted in the 5L pots. Soils were treated with ash or ash combinated by superphoshate and flue gas desulfurization gypsum. For both plants, we evaluated the plant growth, biomass production and content of macro, micro and toxic elements in the biomass and in the soils.
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Use of composts and vermicomposts and their extracts together with bioffectors for growing of plants.
Bouček, Jiří ; Tlustoš, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this project will be to determine the influence of conditions during composting and vermicomposting of biodegradable waste of organic matter on physical-chemical properties of compost and vermicompost extracts. From this point of view mainly the content of basic nutrients and humin substances will be monitored and also the possible content of risk elements. In the same purpose the presence of different types of microorganisms in these extracts will be investigated and the enzyme activity of microorganisms in their extracts will be also determined. The extracts will be simultaneously prepared under aerobic and unaerobic conditions in different portion among the organic matter and its leachate and each sample variants will be compared to above conditions. The real effect of extracts applied on grown plants or into a soil including the fungicide effect of sample extracts during pot experiments will be reported. The effect of extracts will be also compared with commercial bioeffectors.
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The Influence of Soil Amendments on the Uptake of Toxic Elements and Nutrients by Plants
Vondráčková, Stanislava ; Tlustoš, Pavel (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
Plant cultivation in soils heavily contaminated by risk elements is a challenging issue due to phytotoxic effects that restrict plant growth. Liming and phosphate additives application reduce the mobility of some risk elements in contaminated soils and can be a suitable measure for contaminated soils but can also affect availability of nutrients for plants. Therefore, it is necessary to test response of tolerant plants (trees and herbs) on soils heavily contaminated by risk elements and look for the most suitable combination of soil additives and tolerant plants.
Experimental part of PhD thesis was divided into the incubation experiments and the vegetation pot experiments. The incubation experiments: The efficiency of liming and phosphate additives at three application rates was tested for micro- and toxic elements immobilisation in weakly acid and alkaline soils heavily contaminated by As, Cd, Pb, and Zn within period of 42 days. The vegetation pot experiments: The two tolerant plants Salix × smithiana Willd. (three-year experiment) and Rumex obtusifolius L. (one-year experiment) were planted in the same contaminated soils as in the incubation experiments. Both soils were untreated and treated with two doses of lime and dolomite (S. smithiana) or treated with lime and superphosphate (R. obtusifolius). For both plants, we evaluated the initial plant growth, plant mortality, biomass production or content of macro-, micro- and toxic elements in the biomass. We evaluated also the content of organic acids in the biomass of R. obtusifolius.
Higher immobilisation effects on acid-extractable Cd, Zn, Pb, and Mn was observed for fast soluble additives (lime, superphosphate) compare to slow soluble additives (dolomite, rock phosphate) only in weakly acid soil. Lime application irrespective of dose with foliar Fe application and planting willows in the second year after the application of lime seemed to be the most suitable measure for increasing biomass production and decreasing toxic elements, especially Cd and Zn, without decreasing the macro- and micronutrients in the aboveground organs of willows in weakly acid soil. Seedlings of R. obtusifolius are sensitive to high availability of Ca, Cd, Pb, and Zn in soil. Biomass production was negatively related to the mobility of micro- and toxic elements. Elevated transport of micro- and toxic elements from belowground organs into leaves was recorded in both lime-treated soils and in superphosphate-treated alkaline soil as a result of sufficient amount of Ca available from soil solution as well as from superphosphate that can probably modify distribution of micro- and toxic elements in R. obtusifolius as a representative of oxalate plants. Rumex obtusifolius is an As-, Cd-, Pb-, and Zn-excluder and is sensitive to high availability of micro- and toxic elements in the soil. Soil chemical properties affect the distribution of essential elements within the plant greatly. In alkaline soil, R. obtusifolius is an Al-hyperaccumulator with the highest concentrations of oxalate in leaves, of malate in stems, and of citrate in belowground organs. These organic acids form strong complexes with Al that can play a key role in internal Al tolerance.
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Offer of the Building Company to the Public Tender
Dvořák, Ondřej ; Tlustoš, Petr (referee) ; Nováková, Jana (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is the approximation progress public commercial competition in the construction contract for the perspective of the construction undertaking. The theoretical part of the work deals with the concepts and facts of this issue. This section describes, in particular, the legal obligations of the parties involved, and the elements without which you cannot contest. The practical part will focus on the creation of a separate menu in the company and a separate course of public competition. The theoretical part will be drawn up using the supplied materials to commercial contest new nursery school.
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The ash quality monitoring of biomass combustion
Tlustoš, P. ; Ochecová, P. ; Száková, J. ; Perná, Ivana ; Hanzlíček, Tomáš ; Habart, J. ; Straka, Pavel
The aim of methodology was, on the basis of results of analyzes of ash from more than 40 sources in the Czech Republic, these ash categorize by feedstock and identify suitable ash for use on agricultural land. It could lead to a significant shift to reduce the cost of incinerators, to the entry of new businesses on the market and to easier fulfilling of republican obligations in the share of energy production from renewable sources. Another advantage of finding employment for these materials, from an environmental view, is the reduction of landfilling and support for recycling of nutrients. The methodology presented the process for the selection of suitable ash for agricultural purposes and the reader should be able to determine the applicability of the material.
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Biochar Preparation of Various Types of Biomass
Břendová, R. ; Tlustoš, P. ; Száková, J. ; Habart, J. ; Pohořelý, Michael ; Punčochář, Miroslav
Soil contamination by risk elements is a serious problem. There are available remediation methods, using plants to remove these elements from soil. Plants for our experiments were grown on contaminated soil of Příbram area. Biomass of these plants was used to prepare biochar, which could be used then as a soil additive and due to its characteristics, can be able to immobilize risk elements in soil. The experiment was focused on the biochar preparation. There was observed the effect of the type of biomass and the final temperature on specific surface area and yield of biochar: properties limit its application as a soil additive. While the final temperature increased, the specific surface area increased and the yield of biochar decrease. The highest surface area was found at biochar from wood mixture.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22012121014260 - PDF
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Influence of Pyrolysis Temperature and Type of Ligno-Cellulose and Cellulose Biomass on Yield, Specific Surface Area and Mechanical Resistance of Active Coal
Pohořelý, Michael ; Břendová, K. ; Krček, M. ; Šyc, Michal ; Punčochář, Miroslav ; Száková, J. ; Tlustoš, P.
In the Czech Republic, there are many contaminated agricultural soils due to anthropogenic activity and geogenic origin. The contaminated biomass of plants grown on the contaminated soils needs to be appropriately disposed of to prevent the re-releace of heavy metals into the environment. One way of processing contaminated biomass is pyrolysis, where the heavy metals are concentrated in biochar (active coal). This can be applied to soil where it improves the physical properties. The aim of the work was to observe the effect of temperature and the type of biomass grown on contaminated soils from a locality Příbram on the specific surface area, yield and mechanic resistance of active coal.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22012112316131 - PDF
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