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Problems and perspectives of development aid: donors and developing countries
Studecký, Jan ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Hlavičková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this thesis called 'Problems and perspectives of development aid: donors and developing countries' are main questions of development aid in general. Basic ideas of the whole concept are defined in the first chapter. The history of development aid and international theories' perspectives of development aid are mentioned here. The second chapter consists of classifications and characteristics of developing countries together with their capacities for integration. The donors are presented in the third chapter. The main part of the thesis is the fourth chapter in which the problems of development aid are analysed on the grounds of contemporary field literature. At the beginning of the fourth chapter the qualitative problems of development aid are analysed together with the donors' motivations for its distribution. The best possible form of development aid is discussed later on - whether it is better to provide developing countries with loans or non-repayable grants. Moreover, the coordination problems within the development aid are discussed as well as possible alternatives to development aid - such as trade. The thesis pays also attention to negative consequences of development aid. Possible solutions to the problems mentioned are sketched within each sub-chapter.
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Timing of egg laying in obligate brood parasites
Studecký, Jan ; Šulc, Michal (advisor) ; Pipek, Pavel (referee)
Obligate brood parasitism has evolved in 109 bird species around the world, which is approximately 1 % of all bird species. This alternative reproductive strategy is associated with complex evolution of the relationships between parasite and host(s) which is responsible for many adaptations on both sides. One of the important adaptations is the timing of egg laying either within a season, time of a day, or nesting stage of an individual host pair. The speed of laying itself is also no less important adaptation. Because brood parasitism is present worldwide in many different bird orders and parasites use variable species as their hosts, this adaptation is expected to be variable as well. My thesis will review information about timing of egg laying in all main taxonomical groups of brood parasites and will compare this adaptation between specialists and generalists, between closely related parasites with different hosts or between sedentary and migratory parasitic species. The main focus is on the question of coevolution with the host in relation to different timing strategies and an attempt to explain the differences in these strategies. Keywords: birds, coevolution, brood parasitism, egg laying, timing
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Problems and perspectives of development aid: donors and developing countries
Studecký, Jan ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Hlavičková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this thesis called 'Problems and perspectives of development aid: donors and developing countries' are main questions of development aid in general. Basic ideas of the whole concept are defined in the first chapter. The history of development aid and international theories' perspectives of development aid are mentioned here. The second chapter consists of classifications and characteristics of developing countries together with their capacities for integration. The donors are presented in the third chapter. The main part of the thesis is the fourth chapter in which the problems of development aid are analysed on the grounds of contemporary field literature. At the beginning of the fourth chapter the qualitative problems of development aid are analysed together with the donors' motivations for its distribution. The best possible form of development aid is discussed later on - whether it is better to provide developing countries with loans or non-repayable grants. Moreover, the coordination problems within the development aid are discussed as well as possible alternatives to development aid - such as trade. The thesis pays also attention to negative consequences of development aid. Possible solutions to the problems mentioned are sketched within each sub-chapter.
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