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Phylogeography of the Alpine shrew, Sorex alpinus (Soricidae, Mammalia)
Starcová, Magda ; Horáček, Ivan (referee)
The Alpine shrew (Sorex alpinus Schinz, 1837) is a small member of family Soricidae, which is found in mountain forests of central and south Europe. Its patchy range includes the Alps, the NW Balkans, the Carpathians, and some isolated mountain areas in Germany, Czech Republic and Poland. The disjunct range of Alpine shrew presumably results from range dynamics of the species connected with Pleistocene climate oscillation. The aim of this study was to investigate phylogeographical structure of the Alpine shrew in the central and SE European mountain systems. To examine genetic structure of Alpine shrew populations the hypervariable domain of the mitochondrial control region was used. We processed 51 samples from 18 localities, covering the majority of the distributional area of the species. Final sequence dataset was analyzed using population and landscape genetic approaches. Results revealed shallow mitochondrial genealogy with differentiation among haplogroups. This pattern, together with demographic analyses suggest population expansion, corroborated with the hypothesis that during glacial periods the Alpine shrew expanded. End of the last ice period was followed by fragmentation of the species range and its retreat to higher elevations and formation of relict populations. Key words: shrews,...
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Genetic variability in the European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) in Czech Republic
Starcová, Magda ; Vohralík, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kotlík, Petr (referee)
The European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) (hereinafter EGS) is under the Law on Nature Protection and is included as a critically endangered into the Red List of Endangered Species. In the Czech Republic, which represents the northwestern border of the species range, EGS currently occurs on 34 localities, which are relatively small and isolated from each other. The spread of this species to central Europe was connected with neolithic deforestation. Disjunctive type of distribution of EGS was caused by strong decline of its abundance during the second half of the 20th century due to changes in field management, fragmentation of landscape and other factors. It can be expected that this process left traces on the genetic structure of EGS populations. The major objective of this study was a detailed analysis of genetic variability of EGS populations in the Czech Republic and searching for corelations with available data about its biology and demography. It was used 13 microsatellite loci and in total were processed 408 samples from 27 localities in CZ and 3 samples from one Hungarian locality as an outgroup. With aid of various methods, details of substructure and diferentiation of individual populations, genetic variability, degree of inbreeding and geographic distribution of genetic variability...
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