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Ecotoxicological screening of the select antibiotic
Psohlavcová, Zuzana ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (advisor) ; Soldán, Přemysl (referee)
Psohlavcová Zuzana, Ecotoxicological screening of the select antibiotic, diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty Of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Amoxicillin is one of the most frequently prescribed antibiotic. It belongs to the wide spektrum of aminopenicilin and it is excreted by diuresia in uncoverted condition of 60-75%. By means of urine and from waste dumps goes to surface waters, where it operates to the not target organisms. At valuation of the ecotoxicological effect of amoxicillin there we used the 24-hours test of acute toxicity on brine shrimp Artemia salina, L., rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus by means of the Rotoxkit F and the Rotoxkit F Chronic. Next we used the 72-hours test of inhibition of white mustard Sinapis alba, L. germination and the 30-minutes test of acute toxicity with tubificid worm Tubifex tubifex. We used drugs Augmentin® 625 mg and Ospamox® 375 mg/5 ml. Tests take place darkling and in action of UVA radiation 365 nm and we investigated with values of EC50 (the concentration which evoke the toxic efekt by 50% of population) for animals and for S. alba the value IC50 (the inhibitory concentration). The less sensitive organism againts incidence of amoxicillin was tubificid worm who seems to be the optimal by...
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Ecotoxicological screening of antibiotic Augmentin 625® mg
Psohlavcová, Zuzana ; Jahodář, Luděk (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Psohlavcová Zuzana, Ecotoxicological screening of the antibiotic Augmentin® 625 mg, rigorous thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology In the years 2005 - 2008 amoxicillin accounted 17% of all consumed antibacterial drugs used in systematic therapy. Usage of this antibiotic has not been reduced over the years and therefore the ecosystems are permanently contaminated. To evaluate the ecotoxicological effect of amoxicillin I used Algaltoxkit (ie. 72hour growth inhibition test of the green algae Selenastrum capricornutum) and Rapidtoxkit (rapid screening test for the crustacean Thamnocephalus platyurus). Next I used a 48hour test of acute toxicity with the ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis. I tested these organisms in concentrations ranging from 12,5 - 0,044 g/l of the active substance. Green algae reacted with the drug strongly toxic, while the standard from a concentration of 2.83 g/l. For T. platyurus were 30% inhibition of particle uptake for amoxicillin 3,28 g/l and test medicine 1,56 g/l. Ciliate reacted in tests with both substances strongly toxic. The drug Augmentin® 625 mg has been shown more toxic than the standard. Key words: ecotoxicity, Augmentin® 625 mg, amoxicillin, Tetrahymena pyriformis, Selenastrum...
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Ecotoxicological screening of the select antibiotic
Psohlavcová, Zuzana ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (advisor) ; Soldán, Přemysl (referee)
Psohlavcová Zuzana, Ecotoxicological screening of the select antibiotic, diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty Of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Amoxicillin is one of the most frequently prescribed antibiotic. It belongs to the wide spektrum of aminopenicilin and it is excreted by diuresia in uncoverted condition of 60-75%. By means of urine and from waste dumps goes to surface waters, where it operates to the not target organisms. At valuation of the ecotoxicological effect of amoxicillin there we used the 24-hours test of acute toxicity on brine shrimp Artemia salina, L., rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus by means of the Rotoxkit F and the Rotoxkit F Chronic. Next we used the 72-hours test of inhibition of white mustard Sinapis alba, L. germination and the 30-minutes test of acute toxicity with tubificid worm Tubifex tubifex. We used drugs Augmentin® 625 mg and Ospamox® 375 mg/5 ml. Tests take place darkling and in action of UVA radiation 365 nm and we investigated with values of EC50 (the concentration which evoke the toxic efekt by 50% of population) for animals and for S. alba the value IC50 (the inhibitory concentration). The less sensitive organism againts incidence of amoxicillin was tubificid worm who seems to be the optimal by...
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Ecotoxicological screening of antibiotic Augmentin 625® mg
Psohlavcová, Zuzana ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee) ; Jahodář, Luděk (advisor)
Psohlavcová Zuzana, Ecotoxicological screening of the antibiotic Augmentin® 625 mg, rigorous thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology In the years 2005 - 2008 amoxicillin accounted 17% of all consumed antibacterial drugs used in systematic therapy. Usage of this antibiotic has not been reduced over the years and therefore the ecosystems are permanently contaminated. To evaluate the ecotoxicological effect of amoxicillin I used Algaltoxkit (ie. 72hour growth inhibition test of the green algae Selenastrum capricornutum) and Rapidtoxkit (rapid screening test for the crustacean Thamnocephalus platyurus). Next I used a 48hour test of acute toxicity with the ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis. I tested these organisms in concentrations ranging from 12,5 - 0,044 g/l of the active substance. Green algae reacted with the drug strongly toxic, while the standard from a concentration of 2.83 g/l. For T. platyurus were 30% inhibition of particle uptake for amoxicillin 3,28 g/l and test medicine 1,56 g/l. Ciliate reacted in tests with both substances strongly toxic. The drug Augmentin® 625 mg has been shown more toxic than the standard. Key words: ecotoxicity, Augmentin® 625 mg, amoxicillin, Tetrahymena pyriformis, Selenastrum...
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