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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Microplastics in solid matrices of the environment
 Pospíchalová, Eliška ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (advisor) ; Innemanová, Petra (referee)
Microplastics, plastic particles of 5 mm-1 nm in size, are now widespread across different ecosystems. The increasing amount of microplastic contamination of aquatic and terrestrial environments requires the development of standardized methods for their separation and analysis. One of the main vectors of microplastic input to terrestrial ecosystems is through sewage sludge. The sludge is recycled for fertilization and reclamation due to its high organic matter content. Scientists have already been able to quantify and identify a range of microplastics in sewage sludge of different sizes, polymer types, shapes, etc. This thesis focuses on the optimization of existing methodologies to extract microplastics from solid environmental samples and their subsequent qualitative and quantitative analysis. The steps required for sample pre-treatment prior to analysis, namely reduction in organic matter content by the Fenton reaction process and density-based separation of microplastics by flotation in saturated NaI solution (1.8 g/cm3 ) using centrifugation, were optimized. Microplastics in size fractions of 20-40 μm and 150-300 μm were fabricated and introduced into flotation and total recovery experiments of the methodology to determine the recovery. Fluorescence microscopy was chosen for quantitative...
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Separation of microplastics from sewage sludge using heavy liquids
 Pospíchalová, Eliška ; Innemanová, Petra (advisor) ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on microplastics in sewage sludge. Microplastics are currently often discussed topic, but their occurrence in sewage sludge isn't still sufficiently researched. The main source of microplastics in sewage sludge is waste water. Microplastics are accumulating in sewage sludge during wastewater treatment and enter terrestrial ecosystems with multiple times higher concentration in comparison to freshwaters as a result of their use in agriculture or in restoration. In the year of 2017 sewage sludge was in Czech Republic further processed by direct land application within agriculture and restoration of 42 %, compostation of 34 %, other uses of 14 %, landfilling of 7 % and incineration of 3 %. The use of sewage sludge in agriculture demonstrates significance of microplastics issue. The tested samples were sampled from five anonymous wastewater treatment plants in Czech Republic. The samples were investigated for applicability of methodology of separation microplastics with oxidation of natural organic matter by Fe2+ + 30 % H2O2 and flotation in saline solution of 5 M NaCl. Following identification of microplastics was carried out in optical microscope with magnification of 40x. For precise optical detection of microplastics the samples were dyed with rose bengal. The...
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5 Pospíchalová, Eva
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