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Development and testing of a laboratory unit of membrane distillation
Plachý, Petr ; Repková, Martina (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis describes the development and testing of a membrane distillation laboratory unit based on microporous membranes made of polypropylene hollow fibers. For this purpose, a membrane module has been developed that allows easy and fast exchange of membrane bundles. Theoretically, this module enables direct (DCMD), air gap (AGMD), sweeping gas (SGMD) and vacuum (VMD) membrane distillation. The module was used in a laboratory unit that has been designed for testing of the membrane distillation process. This unit has been succesfully used for water distillation. In this work the influence of several operating parameters on distillate production in VMD and SGMD modes has been tested. In addition, the combined effect of feed temperature and flow and module pressure on distillate production has been described.
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Isolation of PHA producing bacteria from mixed microbial consortia
Plachý, Petr ; Kučera, Dan (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
Aim of this bachelor thesis is detection of polyhydroxyalcanoates (PHA) producing bacteria from activated sludge and effort for isolation of these bacteria. The theoretical part deals with general issues of PHA and of bacterial production of PHA. Also there is attention paid to characterization of activated sludge and to selected methods used in this thesis for detection of PHA producing bacteria. In the experimental part, mixed microbial culture of the activated sludge was cultivated on different carbon sources. Potential PHA producers was isolated from these cultures with the use of lipophilic staining with Nile red and phaC gene (essential for PHA synthesis) was detected with the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 11 of the isolated cultures. By DNA sequencing 8 bacterial cultures were identified. It was Klebsiella pneumoniae (1 x), Paenirhodobacter enshiensis (1 x) and Pseudomonas putida (6 x). Presence of PHA in biomass was detected in 2 of the 11 isolated cultures by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The content of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) was determined with the use of gas chromatography to 9,33 % of dry biomass (Paenirhodobacter enshiensis) and to 1,18 % (unidentified culture).
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Development and testing of a laboratory unit of membrane distillation
Plachý, Petr ; Repková, Martina (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis describes the development and testing of a membrane distillation laboratory unit based on microporous membranes made of polypropylene hollow fibers. For this purpose, a membrane module has been developed that allows easy and fast exchange of membrane bundles. Theoretically, this module enables direct (DCMD), air gap (AGMD), sweeping gas (SGMD) and vacuum (VMD) membrane distillation. The module was used in a laboratory unit that has been designed for testing of the membrane distillation process. This unit has been succesfully used for water distillation. In this work the influence of several operating parameters on distillate production in VMD and SGMD modes has been tested. In addition, the combined effect of feed temperature and flow and module pressure on distillate production has been described.
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Isolation of PHA producing bacteria from mixed microbial consortia
Plachý, Petr ; Kučera, Dan (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
Aim of this bachelor thesis is detection of polyhydroxyalcanoates (PHA) producing bacteria from activated sludge and effort for isolation of these bacteria. The theoretical part deals with general issues of PHA and of bacterial production of PHA. Also there is attention paid to characterization of activated sludge and to selected methods used in this thesis for detection of PHA producing bacteria. In the experimental part, mixed microbial culture of the activated sludge was cultivated on different carbon sources. Potential PHA producers was isolated from these cultures with the use of lipophilic staining with Nile red and phaC gene (essential for PHA synthesis) was detected with the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 11 of the isolated cultures. By DNA sequencing 8 bacterial cultures were identified. It was Klebsiella pneumoniae (1 x), Paenirhodobacter enshiensis (1 x) and Pseudomonas putida (6 x). Presence of PHA in biomass was detected in 2 of the 11 isolated cultures by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The content of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) was determined with the use of gas chromatography to 9,33 % of dry biomass (Paenirhodobacter enshiensis) and to 1,18 % (unidentified culture).
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