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The effect of regular physical activity on a long-term control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Schöppelová, Lucie ; Pelcl, Tomáš (advisor) ; Prázný, Martin (referee)
Introduction: Physical activity should be part of our everyday life. However, for people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus it is the most common cause of hypoglycemia. To control diabetes in the right way, it is therefore necessary to follow certain rules and recommendations that help preventing hypoglycemia while the physical activity remains beneficial at the same time. Aim of the work: The main aim of this study is to clarify the influence of physical activity in connection to long-term control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: 102 respondents with diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the age of 19-69 years participated in a quantitative analysis. This research was conducted in a form of multicentric examination at two independent medical centers. The data collection was done through questionnaires focused on physical activity and daily regime. The data from questionnaires were then compared to the values of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), HDL cholesterol and the total daily dose of insulin of certain patients. For statistical evaluation, analytical tools of Microsoft Office program were used (F-test and t-test). Results: We found correlation between HbA1C values in patients physically active for less than 2 hours/week compared to those who are physically active for more than 2 hours/week (62,72...
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Relationship of oxidative stress to parameters of diabetes control in development of vascular complications.
Pelcl, Tomáš ; Prázný, Martin (advisor) ; Rušavý, Zdeněk (referee) ; Šmahelová, Alena (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the clarification of the pathogenesis of chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. The main goal of the research was glycaemic variability, its contribution to the activation of oxidative stress and its possible role in the process of advanced glycation, all beyond the scope of persistent hyperglycaemia itself. Another aim of the work is to contribute to the clarification of a possible relationship between glycaemic variability and vascular complications of diabetes. We were the first to describe the association between the concentrations of reactive aldehydes formed during lipid peroxidation and disorders of skin microvascular reactivity in patients with type 1 diabetes (DM1). Elevated markers of oxidative stress were found in this group, furthermore during the 3 years of follow-up higher plasma antioxidant activity was observed. These findings were not dependent of the method of glucose monitoring and glucose variability, which was lower in a subgroup of patients using real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM), compared to a subgroup using conventional glucometers. However, it is clear, that hyperglycaemia alone induces increased oxidative stress in patients with diabetes. Simultaneously we observed the opposite process of oxidative stress...
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Dietary prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Kafková, Tereza ; Flekač, Milan (advisor) ; Pelcl, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with a dietary prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This thesis is split into two parts: a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part covers the topic of type 2 diabetes mellitus with a focus on a dietary prevention. The first chapters are more general, dealing with type 2 diabetes mellitus, its characteristics, complications and treatment. A chapter about obesity and metabolic syndrome is also included for a better understanding of the whole issue. The practical part of the thesis is focused on an awareness survey and approach to the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus for people having a higher risk of developing this disease. Individuals with a positive family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and patients suffering from overweight or obesity, were selected as those having a higher risk of developing the disease. The research is based on a quantitative questionnaire survey. A total number of 108 respondents participated in this survey. For the purposes of the research, the respondents were divided into two groups based on the mentioned risk factors. Based on the research results, a significant number of respondents (84 % in total) were aware that there was some sort of prevention of this disease possible. The respondents considered the...
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Problems of added sugars in our population
Burdová, Lucie ; Dostálová, Jana (advisor) ; Pelcl, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the intake of the added sugars among the population of young adults, particularly among the adults in the group of 30 to 45 years of age. The theoretical part of this thesis provides a brief overview of the saccharides based on their chemical composition and elementary classification. The sugars and the natural as well as the synthetic sweeteners and their use in the food industry are then discussed in detail. The concepts of naturally occurring and added sugars are described including the related legislative requirements for food labeling and nutritional recommendations issued by the international and national institutions. The special attention is devoted to the role of sugars in nutrition and to the health risks arising from an excessive sugar intake. The research part of the thesis includes a survey carried out in the form of a questionnaire aiming to investigate, in particular, the consumption of the sweetened soft beverages, the fruit products and the breakfast cereals and to defend the hypothesis that the chosen group of the population consumes the added sugars in an excessive amount. The practical part embodies also an analysis of the weekly diet of eight persons of the given age category focused on the amount of the total sugar intake. Although the excessive...
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Flexible dosage of insulin and a diet
Panfilova, Sofia ; Flekač, Milan (advisor) ; Pelcl, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes diabetes mellitus and the possibility of introducing a new flexible treatment of insulin therapy in people with intensive insulin regimen. The theoretical part is intended to describe diabetes mellitus, causes of illness, treatment, principles of proper eating, the relationship between carbohydrate metabolism and insulin hormone and also discuss flexible dosage of insulin, history and ways of flexible treatment. The practical part of the work was aimed at monitoring the effect of regular patient education on the transition from intensive to flexible dosing of insulin. Within six weeks, patients attended educational meetings where they tried to learn how to work with the new regime. Results from glucometers and changes in glycated haemoglobin values were then used to evaluate the underlying research. Research has made it possible to determine to what extent flexible insulin dosing and proper diet can positively influence diabetes compensation, as well as the effect of motivation and regular patient education on final results. The follow-up patients showed great willingness and motivation to work together and adopt new insulin dosage regime. The results of the research have shown that even in such a short period of time the new treatment is able to positively change the...
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The effect of regular physical activity on a long-term control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Schöppelová, Lucie ; Pelcl, Tomáš (advisor) ; Prázný, Martin (referee)
Introduction: Physical activity should be part of our everyday life. However, for people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus it is the most common cause of hypoglycemia. To control diabetes in the right way, it is therefore necessary to follow certain rules and recommendations that help preventing hypoglycemia while the physical activity remains beneficial at the same time. Aim of the work: The main aim of this study is to clarify the influence of physical activity in connection to long-term control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: 102 respondents with diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the age of 19-69 years participated in a quantitative analysis. This research was conducted in a form of multicentric examination at two independent medical centers. The data collection was done through questionnaires focused on physical activity and daily regime. The data from questionnaires were then compared to the values of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), HDL cholesterol and the total daily dose of insulin of certain patients. For statistical evaluation, analytical tools of Microsoft Office program were used (F-test and t-test). Results: We found correlation between HbA1C values in patients physically active for less than 2 hours/week compared to those who are physically active for more than 2 hours/week (62,72...
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The comparison of dietary and regime habits of diabetics and nondiabetics
Kotková, Karolína ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Pelcl, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is concerned with dietary and regime habits of the type 2 diabetics and non-diabetics. Diabetes mellitus is a serious illness with rising prevalence. The thesis is focused on the type 2 diabetics. Dietary and regime measures are an indispensable part of the medical treatment of this illness. The theoretical part of the thesis is dedicated to DM2, diet therapy and regime measures during DM2 and rational nutrition regarding non-diabetics. An objective of the thesis is to compare the frequency of consumption of particular groups of food and distribution of meals throughout the day between type 2 diabetic patients and non-diabetics. Regarding the group of diabetics, the thesis is also researching the relation between the length of diagnosis of diabetes and dietary habits. Data obtained are from the study FANTOM which has taken place on III. Internal clinic of the 1st Faculty of Medicine at Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague. A quantitative method in the form of a questionnaire was used to obtain the data. The results of the research regarding diabetics have shown lower consumption of unhealthy food but also lower consumption of vegetable when compared to non-diabetics. The results evaluating the relation between the length of diagnosis of diabetes and...
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