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Bee trypanosomatids and their interactions with pollutants
Pařízková, Kamila ; Votýpka, Jan (advisor) ; Krejčí Bruce, Alena (referee)
Honeybees (Apis mellifera) are highly valued worldwide for their products, but also as pollinators of crops and wild plants. Due to the close proximity of bees in the beehive and their foraging habits, a large number of pathogens that weaken the bee colonies are spread both inside and between colonies. In recent decades, high annual losses of bees have been recorded, which still do not have a clear explanation. The sudden loss of bees (known as colony collapse disorder) is likely due to the interaction of multiple factors at once. A large part of the problem is attributed to viral diseases and some parasitic organisms; parasites of the Trypanosomatida group play an uncertain role. A member of this group, Crithidia bombi, is considered a problematic inhabitant of the digestive tract of bumblebees, which can cause serious complications. Close relatives, C. mellificae and Lotmaria passim, parasites of honeybees, are sometimes associated with their higher mortality. Pesticides, whose effects can be very toxic, have also come to the forefront in assessing bee losses, and most pesticides have therefore been banned in the EU. This thesis examines the prevalence, infection development, and host specificity of monoxenous trypanosomatids in bees and their pesticide interactions. A total of 26 species of...
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Blood parasites (namely genus Plasmodium) of game ungulates
Pařízková, Kamila ; Votýpka, Jan (advisor) ; Sádlová, Jovana (referee)
Haematozoa is a group of protozoa parasitizing in mammals, birds and reptiles that are characterized by development in blood cells. Some representatives of the Haematozoa class may cause serious human illnesses and losses in livestock and domestic animals. In ungulates there are three genera of blood parasites - Theileria, Babesia and Plasmodium. This thesis is focused mainly on the genus Plasmodium in forest ungulates. The vectors of these parasites in ungulates are mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. Until recently, the area of Plasmodium in ungulates only reached the Old World, where P. cephalophi, P. bubalis and P. caprae were described. These species have traditionally been described on the basis of their morphology under a light microscope. The discovery of molecular methods has allowed a more detailed description and discovery of a new species of P. odocoilei in cervids in North and South America. The paper summarizes the present information related to the occurrence of blood parasites in forest ungulates. Key words: Plasmodium, Babesia, Theileria, ungulates
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