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	Role of glutamatergic transmission in mechanisms of addiction to morphine. Moutelíková, Karolína ; Hejnová, Lucie (advisor) ; Červená, Kateřina (referee) Drugs are used by mankind since ancient times. One group of these substances are opioids. Opioids have antinociceptive effects and can induce euphoria and relaxation as well. A chronic usage of opioids can lead to a development of drug addiction and phenomens like tolerance and sensitization. One of the most used opioids in medicine is morphine. Morphine is isolated from opium of poppy (Papaver somniferum). Direct effect of morphine is mediated via activation of μ- opioid receptors and their signal cascade. It was implicated that the usage of morphine affects other neurotransmmiter systems in the brain and these neurotransmmiter systems play a signifikant role in the development of addiction and other phenomena. One of these systems is an important excitatory brain system - glutamergic system. This bacherol thesis focuses on interrelationship between opioid and glutamatergic systems during addiction.There were described changes in a composition of glutame ionotropic receptors and changes in their expression as well as in expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors. These changes differ in various parts of the brain and in diverse stages of addiction on morphine too. In spite of all diferences, the results of studies indicate that glutamatergic receptors play a significant role in the development... Detailed record
	Effect of chronic morphine on cell survival after oxidative stress in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line Moutelíková, Karolína ; Hejnová, Lucie (advisor) ; Musílková, Jana (referee) Morphine is a natural opioid which is used in medicine due to his potent analgesic and sedative effects. In the forefront of scientific interest is a chronic usage of opioids which can lead to a development of drug addiction. Morphine role in oxidative stress was described in last years. It was revealed its protective potencial by many studies. However, some studies described its pro-oxidative effect. The aim of this study was to determinate effect of chronic morphine on cell survival after oxidative stress caused by H202 analog - tBHP in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. The results verified morphine protective effect against oxidative stress. The highest protective effect of morphine was achieved in a concetration of 10 µM. It was desribed that morphine can induce activation of mu-opioid (MOR) and Toll-like 4 (TLR4) receptors signalling pathway on molecular level. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the role of MOR a TLR4 in protective effect of morphine against oxidative stress by two methods. Firstly, it was used tests of oxidative stress on cell viability. The obtained results demonstrated majority role of TLR4 and minory role of MOR. Afterwards, we assesed changes in the expression of MOR a TLR4 after chronic morphine by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Results of these experiments did not... Detailed record
	Role of glutamatergic transmission in mechanisms of addiction to morphine. Moutelíková, Karolína ; Hejnová, Lucie (advisor) ; Červená, Kateřina (referee) Drugs are used by mankind since ancient times. One group of these substances are opioids. Opioids have antinociceptive effects and can induce euphoria and relaxation as well. A chronic usage of opioids can lead to a development of drug addiction and phenomens like tolerance and sensitization. One of the most used opioids in medicine is morphine. Morphine is isolated from opium of poppy (Papaver somniferum). Direct effect of morphine is mediated via activation of μ- opioid receptors and their signal cascade. It was implicated that the usage of morphine affects other neurotransmmiter systems in the brain and these neurotransmmiter systems play a signifikant role in the development of addiction and other phenomena. One of these systems is an important excitatory brain system - glutamergic system. This bacherol thesis focuses on interrelationship between opioid and glutamatergic systems during addiction.There were described changes in a composition of glutame ionotropic receptors and changes in their expression as well as in expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors. These changes differ in various parts of the brain and in diverse stages of addiction on morphine too. In spite of all diferences, the results of studies indicate that glutamatergic receptors play a significant role in the development... Detailed record

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