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The actual stage of the issue of the climate classification
Minářová, Jana ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Huth, Radan (referee)
The aim of this work is to create an overview of current climate classifications and to demonstrate the dependence of these classifications on the type of dataset and on the studied period. In the first part resulting from the available information in the literature the standard division of climate classifications into effective and genetic has been kept. Nevertheless, the first outnumber branch has been divided further into four groups according to their main characters: classifications (i) thermic, (ii) determined by vegetation, meteorological and climatic elements, (iii) delimited by marginal values of created indexes and (iv) based on symbols of landscape. In the second part the influence of selected data (station vs. gridded) on the resulting representation of climate classification is demonstrated using the comparative method. On the basis of station data accessible online for the Czech Republic and Germany supplemented for earlier periods by material from printed publications, the dependence of the studied period on the final output of climate classification is demonstrated. In most cases, there was a change of "Dfb" - (cold climate without dry season with warm summer) - on "Cfb" - (temperate climate without dry season with warm summer). The complexity of the issue of creating climate classifications...
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Short-term intensities of strong precipitation at the Milšeovka Mt.
Kakalejčík, Matej ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Minářová, Jana (referee)
Source of intense short term precipitation in mid latitudes are deep moist convection or frontal rainbands. Intensity and precipitation rate are strongly dependent on size and speed of precipitation system. If the axis of linear precipitation system is parallel to the vector movement, or if the new cell in multicelar systems are developing on the same place, very high intense precipitation occurs. This is called quazistacionary of precipitation system. Quazistacionary can give rise to extreme precipitation amounts which may cause flash floods. Intensity of precipitation can be measured either by automatic rain gauges or meteorological radars. This thesis is concerned with the tipping-bucket rain gauge. The analysed data between years 1998 and 2012 were collected from meteorological station Milešovka. Based on the results from warm part of the year (April - October), short term intense precipitation are most intense in July, while the total maximums of rainfall intensity are mostly occurring in May. This is probably the result of annual course of air instability which in continental Europe is considered to be in May. Regarding 24 h precipitation amounts, small intensities have bigger portion on total 24 h precipitation amount. Keywords: precipitation intensity, deep moist convection, frontal...
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Spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the Vosges mountain range area
Minářová, Jana ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Šmídová, Jana (referee)
Spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the Vosges mountain range area Abstract The aim of this work is to study the climatology of atmospheric precipitation in the studied area situated in the Northeastern France. Factors, e.g. the global circulation of the atmosphere, that influence the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the mid-latitudes, especially in Western Europe and in mountainous regions, are discussed from the macro- to micro- scale in the first part. The term "ombric continentality" is clarified and a description of the physical geography of the studied area is performed, e.g. upward and windward asymmetry of Vosges slopes and contrasts between the mountain range and the Upper Rhine Plain. Secondly a demonstration is made that the Vosges mountain range affects, due to its position, the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation at a regional scale. This is carried out by computing the daily rainfall on 14 meteorological stations out of the period 1951-2011. Three categories of stations were determined according to their annual precipitation repartition: (i) mountain stations with the winter precipitation maximum, (ii) leeward slope stations with two precipitation maxima, i.e. in winter and summer and (iii) leeward stations located in the Upper Rhine Plain East...
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Spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the Vosges mountain range area
Minářová, Jana
Spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the Vosges mountain range area Abstract The aim of this work is to study the climatology of atmospheric precipitation in the studied area situated in the Northeastern France. Factors, e.g. the global circulation of the atmosphere, that influence the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the mid-latitudes, especially in Western Europe and in mountainous regions, are discussed from the macro- to micro- scale in the first part. The term "ombric continentality" is clarified and a description of the physical geography of the studied area is performed, e.g. upward and windward asymmetry of Vosges slopes and contrasts between the mountain range and the Upper Rhine Plain. Secondly a demonstration is made that the Vosges mountain range affects, due to its position, the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation at a regional scale. This is carried out by computing the daily rainfall on 14 meteorological stations out of the period 1951-2011. Three categories of stations were determined according to their annual precipitation repartition: (i) mountain stations with the winter precipitation maximum, (ii) leeward slope stations with two precipitation maxima, i.e. in winter and summer and (iii) leeward stations located in the Upper Rhine Plain East...
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Extreme precipitation in low mountain ranges in Central Europe: a comparative study between the Vosges and the Ore mountains
Minářová, Jana ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Žák, Michal (referee) ; Caumont, Olivier (referee)
of the doctoral dissertation Extreme precipitation is related to flooding which is one of the most frequent natural hazards in Central Europe. Detailed understanding of extreme precipitation is the precondition for an efficient risk management and more precise projections of precipitation, which include uncertainties, especially at regional scale. The thesis focuses on extreme precipitation in the Ore Mountains (OM) and the Vosges Mountains (VG); two low mountain ranges in Central Europe experiencing orographic effect on precipitation. Based on state of the art about precipitation in OM and VG, a currently missing analysis of the temporal distribution of precipitation in VG was needed prior to the analysis of extremes. The original dataset of daily precipitation totals from 14 weather stations used in the initial study was extended to 168 stations covering a broader area of VG. The study of temporal distribution of precipitation during 1960-2013 led to a classification of stations: (i) mountainous stations with winter maxima and highest mean annual totals due to orographic enhancement of precipitation, (ii) stations on leeward slopes with two maxima (summer and winter), (iii) lee side stations with summer maxima and lowest mean annual totals due to rain shadow and more continental character, and...
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Spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the Vosges mountain range area
Minářová, Jana
Spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the Vosges mountain range area Abstract The aim of this work is to study the climatology of atmospheric precipitation in the studied area situated in the Northeastern France. Factors, e.g. the global circulation of the atmosphere, that influence the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the mid-latitudes, especially in Western Europe and in mountainous regions, are discussed from the macro- to micro- scale in the first part. The term "ombric continentality" is clarified and a description of the physical geography of the studied area is performed, e.g. upward and windward asymmetry of Vosges slopes and contrasts between the mountain range and the Upper Rhine Plain. Secondly a demonstration is made that the Vosges mountain range affects, due to its position, the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation at a regional scale. This is carried out by computing the daily rainfall on 14 meteorological stations out of the period 1951-2011. Three categories of stations were determined according to their annual precipitation repartition: (i) mountain stations with the winter precipitation maximum, (ii) leeward slope stations with two precipitation maxima, i.e. in winter and summer and (iii) leeward stations located in the Upper Rhine Plain East...
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Short-term intensities of strong precipitation at the Milšeovka Mt.
Kakalejčík, Matej ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Minářová, Jana (referee)
Source of intense short term precipitation in mid latitudes are deep moist convection or frontal rainbands. Intensity and precipitation rate are strongly dependent on size and speed of precipitation system. If the axis of linear precipitation system is parallel to the vector movement, or if the new cell in multicelar systems are developing on the same place, very high intense precipitation occurs. This is called quazistacionary of precipitation system. Quazistacionary can give rise to extreme precipitation amounts which may cause flash floods. Intensity of precipitation can be measured either by automatic rain gauges or meteorological radars. This thesis is concerned with the tipping-bucket rain gauge. The analysed data between years 1998 and 2012 were collected from meteorological station Milešovka. Based on the results from warm part of the year (April - October), short term intense precipitation are most intense in July, while the total maximums of rainfall intensity are mostly occurring in May. This is probably the result of annual course of air instability which in continental Europe is considered to be in May. Regarding 24 h precipitation amounts, small intensities have bigger portion on total 24 h precipitation amount. Keywords: precipitation intensity, deep moist convection, frontal...
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Spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the Vosges mountain range area
Minářová, Jana ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Šmídová, Jana (referee)
Spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the Vosges mountain range area Abstract The aim of this work is to study the climatology of atmospheric precipitation in the studied area situated in the Northeastern France. Factors, e.g. the global circulation of the atmosphere, that influence the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the mid-latitudes, especially in Western Europe and in mountainous regions, are discussed from the macro- to micro- scale in the first part. The term "ombric continentality" is clarified and a description of the physical geography of the studied area is performed, e.g. upward and windward asymmetry of Vosges slopes and contrasts between the mountain range and the Upper Rhine Plain. Secondly a demonstration is made that the Vosges mountain range affects, due to its position, the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation at a regional scale. This is carried out by computing the daily rainfall on 14 meteorological stations out of the period 1951-2011. Three categories of stations were determined according to their annual precipitation repartition: (i) mountain stations with the winter precipitation maximum, (ii) leeward slope stations with two precipitation maxima, i.e. in winter and summer and (iii) leeward stations located in the Upper Rhine Plain East...
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The actual stage of the issue of the climate classification
Minářová, Jana ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Huth, Radan (referee)
The aim of this work is to create an overview of current climate classifications and to demonstrate the dependence of these classifications on the type of dataset and on the studied period. In the first part resulting from the available information in the literature the standard division of climate classifications into effective and genetic has been kept. Nevertheless, the first outnumber branch has been divided further into four groups according to their main characters: classifications (i) thermic, (ii) determined by vegetation, meteorological and climatic elements, (iii) delimited by marginal values of created indexes and (iv) based on symbols of landscape. In the second part the influence of selected data (station vs. gridded) on the resulting representation of climate classification is demonstrated using the comparative method. On the basis of station data accessible online for the Czech Republic and Germany supplemented for earlier periods by material from printed publications, the dependence of the studied period on the final output of climate classification is demonstrated. In most cases, there was a change of "Dfb" - (cold climate without dry season with warm summer) - on "Cfb" - (temperate climate without dry season with warm summer). The complexity of the issue of creating climate classifications...
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