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The collectivization in Kazakhstan: the emergence, problems and impact on Kazakh population
Michal, Vojtěch ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Jordanová, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on collectivization in Kazakhstan and its consequences in this autonomous soviet socialistic republic. At the beginning of the thesis, principles, problems and process of collectivization generally in Soviet Union are described. Afterwards, the collectivization and sedentarization of nomads in Kazakhstan is presented and analyzed. The thesis also focuses on main problems of collectivization in Kazakh ASSR, consequences of it and discovers the main reasons why collectivization ended up as such a catastrophe with famine killing 1,5 million people and making other 1 million emigrate. In the end, the thesis answers a question, whether this outcome of collectivization was intended or not.
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Study of biological activity of isolated alkaloids from Argemone grandiflora (Papaveraceae)II.
Michal, Vojtěch ; Chlebek, Jakub (advisor) ; Ločárek, Miroslav (referee)
Michal, Vojtěch: STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ISOLATED ALKALOIDS FROM ARGEMONE GRANDIFLORA (PAPAVERACEAE) II. Diploma thesis 2015. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology. Supervisor: PharmDr. Jakub Chlebek, PhD. Key words: Argemone grandiflora Sweet, Papaveraceae, alkaloids, isolation, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, prolyloligopeptidase, Alzheimerʼs disease, in vitro assay. Diethylether alkaloid extract obtained from stem and roots of Argemone grandiflora Sweet was chromatografically analyzed. Using common chromatografic methods, three alkaloids were isolated in clean form. These substances were identified as allocryptopine, (-)-munitagine and (-)-norargemonine by structural analysis (MS, NMR). These obtained alkaloids were tested for their inhibitory activity against human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and human plasma butyrylcholinestrase (BuChE) by Ellman's method. The results were represented as IC50 values (allocryptopine: IC50 AChE = 250,0 ± 2,52 μM, IC50 BuChE = 530 ± 28,2 μM; (-)-munitagine: IC50 AChE = 62,29 ± 5,81 μM, IC50 BuChE = 837,4 ± 23,03 μM; (-)-norargemonine: IC50 AChE = 205,17 ± 11,6 μM, IC50 BuChE = 4158,20 ± 495,78 μM). Inhibition against prolyloligopeptidase was tested for...
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