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Mucocutaneous candidiasis and women's sexual hormones
Košťálová, Marie ; Tošner, Jindřich (advisor) ; Kudela, Milan (referee) ; Mencl, Karel (referee)
The aim of this work was to study relationship between mucocutaneous candidiasis (MCC) and women's sexual hormones. This problem is usually solved by dermatologists, gynaecologists and mycologists separately. Our approach is original, because it is primarily based on skin and/or cutaneous appendagies affection and searches for possible coincidence or other relation in vulvovaginal region. We examined 81 women in our study and divided them into two groups according to hormone-level investigation (women in fertile and perimenopausal period, women in postmenopausal period). We also developed "Candida" questionnaire for further anamnestic data correlation. The relationship between MCC and women's sexual hormones was studied both, in vivo and in vitro. We found C. albicans in vagina in both studied groups most frequently at the time of cutaneous candidiasis. In postmenopausal period the incidence of vaginal C. albicans was significantly lower (significantly lower levels of E2, PG). The cultivation identity between skin and vulvovaginal region was more frequent in fertile and perimenopausal period than in postmenopausal one, too. Predominantely concerned C. albicans again, the conformity was considerable in women with established ovulation (significantly higher levels of PG). In presence of C. albicans in...
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Mating system and species concept in heterothallic species of Aspergillus section Fumigati
Dudová, Zuzana ; Hubka, Vít (advisor) ; Mencl, Karel (referee)
The aim of this study was to determine the species boundaries within the Aspergillus viridinutans species complex. The species belonging to this complex are predominantly soil- inhabiting organisms that are increasingly reported as opportunistic human and animal pathogens. A total number of 98 isolates from various substrates and countries was subjected to morphological, physiological and molecular analysis (calmodulin, β-tubulin, actin and RNA polymerase II subunit 2 gene) and mating experiments were provided on different media and temperatures. Some other heterothallic species from section Fumigati with unknown sexual state were analysed using similar method as well. Key words: Aspergillus viridinutans, Aspergillus turcosus, phylogenetic analysis, mating- type genes, anamorph, teleomorph, mating experiments, MAT1-1, MAT1-2
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Laboratory diagnosis of Candida infections
Vejsová, Marcela ; Buchta, Vladimír (advisor) ; Mencl, Karel (referee) ; Hamal, Petr (referee)
Pathogenic Candida species represent the most common fungal etiology of human opportunistic infections, particularly among hospitalized patients. After decades of increasing morbidity and mortality of candidiasis, the proportion of Candida infections had become to stop and the shift of spectrum of Candida species has started to be evident. Apart from a predominating position of C. albicans, there is a growing number of non-albicans Candida species (e.g. C. glabrata, C. tropicalis) as causative agents of yeast infections. Mycologists are faced up new challenges of rapid detection and precise identification of fungal isolates including antifungal susceptibility evaluation. Goal of the study was to confirm usefulness of rapid tests in laboratory diagnostics of C. albicans and elaborate an alternative method of classical germ tubes test in serum. The results of experiments showed the use of chromogenic media useful and reliable as well as the test of induction of germ tubes. The comparative tests showed that serum can be replaced with chemically defined NYP medium without loss of high of specificity and sensitivity of the test. Main part of experiments was focused on optimalization of methodology of in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing. Etest and disk diffusion test are very reliable tests for...
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Mucocutaneous candidiasis and women's sexual hormones
Košťálová, Marie ; Tošner, Jindřich (advisor) ; Kudela, Milan (referee) ; Mencl, Karel (referee)
The aim of this work was to study relationship between mucocutaneous candidiasis (MCC) and women's sexual hormones. This problem is usually solved by dermatologists, gynaecologists and mycologists separately. Our approach is original, because it is primarily based on skin and/or cutaneous appendagies affection and searches for possible coincidence or other relation in vulvovaginal region. We examined 81 women in our study and divided them into two groups according to hormone-level investigation (women in fertile and perimenopausal period, women in postmenopausal period). We also developed "Candida" questionnaire for further anamnestic data correlation. The relationship between MCC and women's sexual hormones was studied both, in vivo and in vitro. We found C. albicans in vagina in both studied groups most frequently at the time of cutaneous candidiasis. In postmenopausal period the incidence of vaginal C. albicans was significantly lower (significantly lower levels of E2, PG). The cultivation identity between skin and vulvovaginal region was more frequent in fertile and perimenopausal period than in postmenopausal one, too. Predominantely concerned C. albicans again, the conformity was considerable in women with established ovulation (significantly higher levels of PG). In presence of C. albicans in...
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