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Effluent-free treatment plant technology for small wastewater producers
Škarpa, Pavel ; Němcová, Miroslava Pumprlová (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
The work aims to find new ways to dispose of wastewater. The theoretical part covers the currently known procedures for the discharge of treated wastewater into surface or groundwater, as well as the balancing of wastewater after previous accumulation. Furthermore, the theoretical part summarises the legislation of the Czech Republic concerning wastewater disposal. The measurement part deals with a new potential option, a sump with upstream water treatment. If the treatment is carried out on the principle of natural wastewater treatment, the volume of water can be reduced by evapotranspiration. Therefore, the aim of this work is to determine the realistic evapotranspiration of a vertical filter, to find a design methodology for a vertical filter to achieve optimal evapotranspiration and a suitable technological arrangement. Another objective is to use long-term air temperature records available from the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute database. The average daily evapotranspiration measured on the laboratory model reached a value of 4.5 mm/day in September 2021. In March 2022 it reached almost 2 mm/day. The equations for determining the potential evapotranspiration applied in the calculation part of the work achieved the highest agreement of 67.5% with the evapotranspiration measured on the laboratory model and will therefore be further developed to achieve much higher reliability of the calculation.
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Treated Waste Water Irrigation
Kohut, Rafael ; Hyánková, Eva (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
The thesis deals with the issue of simulation of treated wastewater irrigation by the HYDRUS 2D software. The first part of the thesis is designed as a theoretical research of academic information and knowledge. It aims at introducing the issue of treated wastewater utilization for the purpose of the irrigation. Furthermore it provides basic theoretical information on numeric simulation of the dissolved materials motion and transport in the soil. The last chapter of the theoretical part describes the calibration of the simulation by the HYDRUS 2D software. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the formation of filtration columns placed in the chosen site of the root zone wastewater plant. Within the filtration columns the automatic irrigation was formed and set off. Measuring of humidity in filtration columns was taking place for 81 days as well as the water sampling after the flow through the soil horizons. On the grounds of the measuring results the calibration of numeric simulation was carried out by the HYDRUS 2D software. The last part of the thesis presents the applications through the extending and alternation of the modelled setting. The main aim of the thesis is to calibrate the model and propose a general solution to advancement at realization of irrigation details when using the treated wastewater for the purpose of irrigation.
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Possibilities of technical implementation of intensification the constructed treatment wetland
Suchánek, Pavel ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (referee) ; Pumprlová Němcová, Miroslava (advisor)
The Bachelors thesis is a study of three variants of solution of reconstruction and intensification of specific constructed wetland. Request for reconstruction of existing cleaner facility arose from an observer, who demanded increasing of cleaning efficiency because of expected changes on sewer. The introductory part deals with a theoretical summary of expert knowledge and information, which are responsible for familiarization with problematics of constructed wetland. Just the information about reconstructions of others constructed wetlands could be essential for solving this thesis. Based on the results of the progress and effectiveness of the proposed changes, it is possible to be inspired for further solutions. Practical part of thesis is a separate study, within which were proposed three variants of solution. Variants differ in economic and technical difficulty and are linked to each other. The first one is the least difficult option and serves only for maintain temporary state. The second variant includes complex reconstruction of the object using a vertical filter and ensures effective removal of observed pollution parameters (Suspended solids, COD, BOD, N-NH4+). The third option, economically and technologically the most demanding, should moreover chemically precipitate phosphorus. For clarity of the proposal were all variants compiled in 3D model. The aim of thesis was to elaborate several variants of solution of reconstruction and intensification of existing constructed wetland Biskoupky so that the operator can choose the one that suits him at most, taking into account the investment aspect.
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The Issue of Vertical Filters with Vegetation for Municipalities up to 500 PE
Brychtová, Veronika ; Přecechtěl, Karel (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
Thesis consist of two parts theoretic one focus on wastewater, wastewater treatment and practical part which focus on the most appropriate option how to treat wastewater in Pyšel village. In this location was in the past purchased a study of variant solutions. From the economical/investment/the most appropriate point of view was chosen vertical wetland. Nowadays vertical wetlands are very suitable for small municipalities under 500 equivalent inhabitants because of the low demand for electricity and the presence of operators is not necessary. This technology became unpopular in Czech Republic after few incorrectly designed vertical wetlands. These problems cause insufficient cleaning ability especially about ammonia, phosphorus or other mostly oxygen parameters. Flawless design and optimized service of vertical wetland can achieve better results than biologically – mechanical waste water treatment plant. Design for Pyšel village is based on research processed by Institute of landscape water management (Kotěnice and Dražovice). Part of the design are also sludge fields, which were build for minimalized financial expenses for Pyšel village inhabitants.
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Study of the water management in a family house with an application of natural wastewater treatment
Kiszová, Radka ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (referee) ; Hyánková, Eva (advisor)
Bachelor thesis focuses on water management in the family house using natural treatment of waste water. Text partially deals with research in the area of treatment and reusing of rain and waste water in the case of a family house. Thesis concentrates on sources of waste water, their division and possibilities of reuse. When talking about waste water, main aim is to explain root waste water treatment. Second half of the text presents complex solution of water management in one particular family house. The actual amount of waste water is calculated for number of five equivalent residents, suggestion of its treatment, accumulation and enumeration of presumed amount of rain water captured. Shared storage is designed for both waste water treatment and rain water. This storage is subsequently used for flushing, washing and garden irrigation.
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Natural wastewater treatment system in Surabaya, Indonesia
Semrádová, Tereza ; Zedník, Ondřej (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
In developing countries, constructed wetland is a possible way to improve the long-term quality of domestic wastewater effluent. It is a treatment plant that reflects the climatic conditions, the quality and quantity of the wastewater discharged and the economic conditions of the country. It offers simplicity in terms of operational requirements. These statements are also addressed in the design work of a constructed wetland in the Indonesian city of Surabaya. The design itself is preceded by an analysis and understanding of the existing wastewater management, which is currently very minimalist in the locality. The thesis develops a proposal for a suitable and sustainable community-based natural wastewater treatment solution for an urban area of up to 1 000 inhabitants. The proposal considers the technical-economic-social aspects and should thus lead to higher efficiency and longer lifetime of the proposed treatment plant. The solution also includes operational recommendations to ensure the long-term operation of the treatment plant. There are hardly any municipal treatment plants in the area, so the possible implementation of a constructed wetland will be the first solution of this kind, which will either ensure future expansion based on positive experience or, on the contrary, be rejected due to unsuitable operation in local conditions.
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Natural wastewater treatment plant project for the municipality of Hačky
Kulichová, Jana ; Pumprlová Němcová, Miroslava (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is research, description, and subsequent calculation and design of the natural wastewater treatment plant. The conclusion is the processing of project documentation. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical parts. In the theoretical part, the aim is a general description of the location and research of natural wastewater treatment plant technologies for small municipalities. In the practical part, there is designed project documentation, which will be used as an input basis for zoning management and building permit.
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Project of a natural wastewater treatment plant for the municipality of Oponešice
Kraváček, Václav ; Zedník, Ondřej (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the design of a natural wastewater treatment plant for the municipality of Oponešice. The introduction of the thesis focuses on general research presenting the issue of natural wastewater treatment plants (WTP). Except for a short introduction of natural treatment plants, the related legislative regulations are presented in the introductory part, the work is devoted in more detail to the presentation of individual monitored indicators of wastewater pollution and a description of individual technological elements at root treatment plants. The second and main part of the work is the complete design of the wastewater treatment plant for the village of Oponešice. First, attention is paid to collecting information about the given locality. Next follows the design of the technical solution of the treatment plant itself, in which care was taken to meet all the requirements placed on treated wastewater, with an effort to design the best available technology for the municipality of Oponešice. Within individual objects, input parameters and subsequent calculations are always given, accompanied by a description of individual details. As the main stage of cleaning, a two-stage vertical system of the so-called Austrian type, supplemented by pre-cleaning with the help of an anaerobic separator, is proposed. At the end of the work, an evaluation of the overall efficiency of the proposed technology is described and a confrontation with the applicable legislation is carried out. Last but not least, an important part of the work includes the preparation of complete project documentation (drawings and textual parts), which is to serve as input material for the issuance of zoning regulations and building permits.
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Natural wastewater treatment plant project for the municipality of Skřipov
Hubený, Michal ; Pumprlová Němcová, Miroslava (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the substantive design of a natural wastewater treatment plant of the French system for the municipality of Skřipov. The proposed sewage treatment plant has an expected size for 800 EO. The whole thesis is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part, the details of the area under consideration, especially the municipality of Skřipov, are presented and thoroughly described. Furthermore, a general research on the topic of natural wastewater treatment plants was written by the author of the thesis. In the theoretical part of the thesis there is also a detailed description and introduction to the system of French vertical wastewater treatment plants. The practical part is the design of a natural wastewater treatment plant for the municipality of Skřipov. The thesis describes in detail the design procedure of the treatment plant and its calculations. The work includes project documentation that will serve as a basis for the issuance of a building permit.
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French systems technology for natural wastewater treatment in small municipalities
Tůmová, Tereza ; Němcová, Miroslava Pumprlová (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the "French systems" technology, or French solution for natural wastewater treatment. The system receives raw wastewater (without a pre-settling tank) directly into the first filtration stage, the basic principle of which is to process sludge and wastewater in one step, so there is no need to build settling tanks. It is a natural treatment plant which, thanks to its characteristics, could help small municipalities which, for economic reasons, cannot afford expensive mechanical-biological wastewater treatment plants. The thesis includes a clear description of the procedure for sizing the individual facilities according to foreign literature, and a literature search will be carried out within the theoretical introduction to French systems, including operational experience and results from abroad. The theoretical possibilities of using materials other than natural ones for the creation of the filter cartridge of vertical filters will be described. The practical part of the thesis deals with the specific design of a natural wastewater treatment plant using the French system of wastewater treatment for a part of the village of Jablonové in Slovakia. The condition of the design is to meet the emission limits (within the framework of the current legislation) and to ensure the necessary efficiency of wastewater treatment, especially in the pollution indicators BOD5, COD, TSS, TKN.
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