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Effect of estrogens on in vitro models of testicular tissue and spermatogenesis
Jursová, Pavlína ; Děd, Lukáš (advisor) ; Tlapáková, Tereza (referee)
Although estrogens are primarily known for their functions in female reproductive system, their effect on male reproductive functions has also been well established. Physiological estrogen concentration is essential for a proper spermatogenesis. Estrogens regulate many functions in testicular tissue, including proliferation and apoptosis of all testicular cell types, dynamic restructuring of cell-cell junctions in the testis, and post-translation modifications of histones. Hence, the aim of this thesis was to study effect of estrogens on in vitro models of testicular tissue and spermatogenesis and thus to address their functions in testicular tissue more deeply. This project includes testicular organoid cultivation for further usage as in vitro model of spermatogenesis. To addresss the effect of various avaliable estrogen forms, experiments on MCF-7 cell line were done. Finally experiments with in vitro model of testicullar tissue - TM4 Sertoli cell line were done. In order to fulfill the aims and verify the hypotheses, some advanced methods such as CLARITY volume confocal imaging and holographic microscopy were used. It was found that estrogens can affect Sertoli cell morphology and the expression of some genes involved in cell-cell junction dynamics. Furthermore the process of spermatogenesis was...
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lncRNA MIAT expression in cancer cells.
Jursová, Pavlína ; Eckschlager, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sztacho, Martin (referee)
LncRNAs have been shown, in many cases, to function as important regulators for gene expression and thus, they can play a critical role in various biological functions and disease processes including cancer. Myocardial infarction associated transcript (MIAT) is one of the non-coding RNAs first identified as lncRNA in 2006 and originally isolated as a candidate gene for myocardial infarction. This long non-coding RNA is also involved in other diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, paranoid schizophrenia or microvascular dysfunction. MIAT has also been identified as a carcinogenic regulator in many malignant tumors. Numerous researches have reported that MIAT silencing reduces cell viability, proliferation and invasivity and enhances cellular senescence and apoptosis of cancer cells. Therefore, it is considered a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in cancer. MIAT is involved in cellular processes through various mechanisms. It regulates alternative splicing, gene expression or functions through ceRNA mechanism and thus influences biological processes related to the tumor formation. Furthermore, in this study have been found that relative expression of MIAT was increased in Ewing sarcoma cell lines.
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