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Evaluation of cytotype and morphological variability and hybridization rate in water-milfoils (Myriophyllum) in the Czech Republic and adjacent territories
Hrdinová, Magdalena ; Trávníček, Pavel (advisor) ; Koutecký, Petr (referee)
Myriophyllum L. (watermilfoil) belongs to one of the most invasive genus of the Northern Hemisphere. The three most agressive species, one of which is native to Europe (M. spicatum), are widespread throughout the majority of United states and two of them (M. aquaticum and M. heterophyllum) are becoming invasive in several Europaean countries as well. Therefore, Europaean populations of both native and invasive species, represents ideal place where to study processes which account for watermilfoils' invasivness. In this study, flow cytometry, morphometric analyses and germination experiments were employed to evaluate cytotype and morphological variability of Myriophyllum along with its potential to hybridize and propagate generatively. Five ploidy levels were detected in Europe, however no ploidy variability has been found within any species except for M. sibiricum (hexaploids and nonaploids) and one population of M. aquaticum (hexaploids and oktoploids). Flow cytometry proved to be useful tool for purposes of distinguishing species of different ploidy level and their potential hybrids. Nevertheless, the key species - M. sibiricum and M. spicatum - among which probably even more aggressive hybrids were recently identified, have similar hexaploid level. Thus flow cytometry cannot facilitate...
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Watermilfoils (Myriophyllum) in the central Europe
Hrdinová, Magdalena ; Trávníček, Pavel (advisor) ; Prančl, Jan (referee)
Genus Myriophyllum L. (watermilfoil) belongs to one of the most species-rich genera within Haloragaceae (Saxifragales). It includes three invasive species, which are of major concern - European M. spicatum L., North American M. heterophyllum MICHX. and South American M. aquaticum (VELL.) VERDC. All of them occur in Central Europe as well as native M. verticillatum L. and M. alterniflorum DC. lacking more significant invasive growth up to now. It is not only its invasivness that makes genus Myriophyllum so fascinating. It also displays extremely high phenotypic plasticity which is accompanied by determination difficulties. Moreover, recent research indicates that Myriophyllum tends to hybridize producing more invasive hybrids than parental taxa. Such traits pose a formidable challenge to scientists to deal with possible future invasive growth of non-indigenous Myriophyllum species in Central Europe. Therefore, thorough study of factors influencing evolution success of plants should be conducted. One of the key factors seems to be polyploidy. Research into polyploidy offers a new approach to watermilfoil issues. Additionally, according to preparatory study all native Central European Myriophyllum species can be easily distinguished by flow cytometry. That enables to study polyploidy in an...
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Evaluation of cytotype and morphological variability and hybridization rate in water-milfoils (Myriophyllum) in the Czech Republic and adjacent territories
Hrdinová, Magdalena ; Trávníček, Pavel (advisor) ; Koutecký, Petr (referee)
Myriophyllum L. (watermilfoil) belongs to one of the most invasive genus of the Northern Hemisphere. The three most agressive species, one of which is native to Europe (M. spicatum), are widespread throughout the majority of United states and two of them (M. aquaticum and M. heterophyllum) are becoming invasive in several Europaean countries as well. Therefore, Europaean populations of both native and invasive species, represents ideal place where to study processes which account for watermilfoils' invasivness. In this study, flow cytometry, morphometric analyses and germination experiments were employed to evaluate cytotype and morphological variability of Myriophyllum along with its potential to hybridize and propagate generatively. Five ploidy levels were detected in Europe, however no ploidy variability has been found within any species except for M. sibiricum (hexaploids and nonaploids) and one population of M. aquaticum (hexaploids and oktoploids). Flow cytometry proved to be useful tool for purposes of distinguishing species of different ploidy level and their potential hybrids. Nevertheless, the key species - M. sibiricum and M. spicatum - among which probably even more aggressive hybrids were recently identified, have similar hexaploid level. Thus flow cytometry cannot facilitate...
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Watermilfoils (Myriophyllum) in the central Europe
Hrdinová, Magdalena ; Trávníček, Pavel (advisor) ; Prančl, Jan (referee)
Genus Myriophyllum L. (watermilfoil) belongs to one of the most species-rich genera within Haloragaceae (Saxifragales). It includes three invasive species, which are of major concern - European M. spicatum L., North American M. heterophyllum MICHX. and South American M. aquaticum (VELL.) VERDC. All of them occur in Central Europe as well as native M. verticillatum L. and M. alterniflorum DC. lacking more significant invasive growth up to now. It is not only its invasivness that makes genus Myriophyllum so fascinating. It also displays extremely high phenotypic plasticity which is accompanied by determination difficulties. Moreover, recent research indicates that Myriophyllum tends to hybridize producing more invasive hybrids than parental taxa. Such traits pose a formidable challenge to scientists to deal with possible future invasive growth of non-indigenous Myriophyllum species in Central Europe. Therefore, thorough study of factors influencing evolution success of plants should be conducted. One of the key factors seems to be polyploidy. Research into polyploidy offers a new approach to watermilfoil issues. Additionally, according to preparatory study all native Central European Myriophyllum species can be easily distinguished by flow cytometry. That enables to study polyploidy in an...
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