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Determination of stress of Norway spruce by direct methods
Krejza, Jan ; Světlík, J. ; Bellan, Michal ; Horáček, Petr
The aim of this methodology is to introduce methods of forest ground monitoring leading to evaluation of Norway spruce tree vitality. Certified methodology describes: measuring of the stem surface temperature by thermography, measuring of the sap flow, measuring the stem diameter fluctuation and by the analysis of xylogenesis and wood morphology. Emphasis was placed on the detection of the stress reaction before occurrence of the visual symptoms. The aim of this methodology is to present a comprehensive set of methods for measuring ecopysiological activity of a tree and to determine its health status. The goal of this methodology is to provide a unique tools for foresters and for forest management for direct and precise evaluation of health status of individual trees, but also a whole complexes of forest from the ground perspective. The individual methodological approaches are defined, can be used in practice and their interpretation is unambiguous. The novelty is based on the direct measurement of the physiological activity of the individual trees, which exclude any degree of subjectivity in the evaluation process.
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Early Buddhist Cosmology of the Pali canon
Horáček, Petr ; Holba, Jiří (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
This paper is focused on the early Buddhist cosmology. It briefly presents the general concepts of cosmology in Buddhism and the Pali Canon in order to better emphasize the characteristics of the primary text on which the work is based, namely the Agaññasutta of the Pali canon. The author takes into account other suttas of the Pali canon and secondary literature as well. The Agaññasutta represents one of the first cosmological texts of Buddhism and can therefore be considered as a very valuable source of information about the early cosmological ideas and the context in which these ideas were formed. It deals with the destruction of the world, its re-emergence, the emergence of creatures, human beings and social strata, the election of the first king and the establishment of the ascetic social groups. To gain a better orientation in the source material, the plot can be divided into the period until the development of human beings, the creation of social institutions with the election of the king and the emergence of alternative social institutions headed by a Buddhist monk. The main aim of the present paper is to show that the Agaññasutta contains the structure based on the necessity of the emergence of the human beings in their physical form and endowed with their moral faults, the society which...
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Jataka Stories - Legendary Biographies of Gautama Buddha in the Jatakatthavannana
Horáček, Petr ; Holba, Jiří (advisor) ; Ondračka, Lubomír (referee)
This thesis deals with the possible interpretations of the jātaka stories (Buddhist sacred biographies genre). The author focuses on the Jātakatthavannana collection, part of the Pali canon, which is an important text for early and Theravada Buddhism. A characteristic feature of the jātaka is that Siddhartha Gautama of the Śākya clan, better known under his title Buddha, tells us about his previous births, in which He is called Bodhisattva. In accord with Buddhist cosmology, Bodhisattva is born in different forms: as human, animal and mythical creatures. In the jātaka stories symbolic links can be seen to the psychological, social, ethical, political, religious and philosophical themes of cultures in which they were told. In the early jātaka motives known from fables and mythologies of other cultures are also found. Their meaning, however, is given another shade or is completely different. The semantic value of themes is largely determined by the position they have in the configuration of relations between symbols, which is different for different cultures (as is shown by the author on a particular case). Due to this fact, the author adopts two following approaches. First, the author does not strive to find the original form of the jātaka tales and is not interested in their linguistic development....
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Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) - Properties of wood and the use of forestry and timber
Horáček, Petr
Silver fir is considered as one of the most important coniferous trees for industrial processing\nin addition to Norway spruce. Its economic importance is unquestionable. Wood properties of\nsilver fir are similar to spruce one, the utilization of both wood species corresponds as well.\nBesides an economic effect, the fir also fulfils ecological functions and therefore it belongs to\nthe ameliorative and stabilising tree species. The paper describes the structure, properties and\nutilization of fir both in the timber industry and forestry. It assesses the stabilization effect of\ntree species including fir based on mechanical properties of green wood and material indices.
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Synchronous Formal Systems Based on Grammars and Transducers
Horáček, Petr ; Janoušek, Jan (referee) ; Yamamura,, Akihito (referee) ; Meduna, Alexandr (advisor)
Tato disertační práce studuje synchronní formální systémy založené na gramatikách a převodnících a zkoumá jak jejich teoretické vlastnosti, tak i perspektivy praktických aplikací. Práce představuje nové koncepty a definice vycházející ze známých principů řízeného přepisování a synchronizace. Navrhuje alternativní způsob synchronizace bezkontextových gramatik, založený na propojení pravidel. Tento princip rozšiřuje také na řízené gramatiky, konkrétně gramatiky s rozptýleným kontextem a maticové gramatiky. Dále je představen na podobném principu založený nový druh převodníku, tzv. pravidlově omezený převodník. Jedná se o systém složený z konečného automatu a bezkontextové gramatiky. Práce prezentuje nové teoretické výsledky ohledně generativní a přijímajicí síly. Poslední část práce zkoumá možnosti lingvisticky orientovaných aplikací se zameřením na překlad přirozeného jazyka. Diskutuje a srovnává hlavní výhody nových modelů s využitím vybraných případových studií z českého, anglického a japonského jazyka pro ilustraci.
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Systems of Parallel Grammars
Skácel, Jiří ; Horáček, Petr (referee) ; Meduna, Alexandr (advisor)
This article defines cooperating distributed grammar systems with E0L components instead of context-free grammars and discusses its generative power mainly in respect to ET0L systems. It recapitulates results about CD GS, then defines modified systems and shows that this combination has in most derivative modes equal strength to ET0L, except for terminating mode, which is shown to be more powerful. There are also explained examples of this new kind of systems.
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Futoshiki Puzzle
Benedikti, Tomáš ; Horáček, Petr (referee) ; Zámečníková, Eva (advisor)
This thesis deals with the topic of logical games and puzzles. The main focus is on the Futoshiki puzzle, its history and rules. The algorithms created for the application are covered in depth, from the design to the implementation. The last part contains the creation of the user interface and testing the success of the application.
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Japanese Character Description
Holáň, Jakub ; Zámečníková, Eva (referee) ; Horáček, Petr (advisor)
The Japanese language has from historical reasons a very complicated orthographical system based on more interconnected alphabets where the characters can be logograms (characters representing whole words) as well as phonograms (characters representing single sounds or syllables of a language). When searching or compiling a japanese dictionary various nontrivial methods of sorting these characters have to be used, e.g. sorting them by number of strokes or by radicals (basic building elements of a character). The aim of this thesis is to find an ideal database structure to accurately describe japanese characters and relationships between them. For good measure, a demonstration application has been developed, which can be used as a learning and revision tool for japanese students. The application is intended for internet use and it has been put together using the most up to date web technologies, such as Google Web Toolkit and Java servlets.
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