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Application of Capillary Electrophoresis in Forensic Molecular Genetic Investigation
Grafnetterová, Anna ; Doubková, Klára (advisor) ; Coufalová, Pavla (referee)
5 Abstract The capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an analytical method based on the principle of the traditional plate electrophoresis. Modern ways of fluorescence marking and the detection result in the higher reliability of analyses as well as in more precise results. The utilization of this method is wide within a lot of science fields. In special cases this method can even replace methods used so far, i.e. HPLC. The CE is mainly used in the forensic investigation in particular for person identification based on the DNA analysis of the even minimal sample amount. The STR analysis is an example of such examination. It uses short tandem repeats with high variability within the population. Commercial companies e.g. Promega Corporation, Applied Biosystems etc., develop corresponding instrumentation, software and kits which are important for receiving correct data. As a final result it is obtained DNA profile evaluated by comparison of samples from the "crime scene" with the reference samples. Besides the using in the human domain the DNA profiles are often used in the veterinary practice, in animal (cats, dogs, horses, cattle etc.) raising or breeding, for improving the particular characteristics. Key words: capillary electrophoresis fluorescent labeling STR STR analysis DNA profil
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An estimation of the development trends of the selected biomarkers for monitored population groups using data from the human biomonitoring in the Czech Republic
Grafnetterová, Anna ; Černá, Milena (advisor) ; Bendlová, Běla (referee)
The human biomonitoring is today an important tool for monitoring of people exposition to environmental pollutants. Mercury and cadmium are long-term monitored biomarkers in the Czech population. A developmental trend of mercury concentration level in urine and hair of children population as well as in urine and blood of adult population is investigated. These biomarkers were monitored in the years 1996 - 2011. Data originate from the NIPH (National Institute of Public Health) databases and from the international project COPHES/DEMOCOPHES. Adult blood donors at age of 18 to 64 were the first monitored group, the second one were children at age of 6 to 12, which were selected based on an agreement with elementary schools or with the paediatricians' cooperation. Available data were statistically processed; trends are presented in graphs as a dependence of geometric means on the time (the year of the biological samples collection). Results show an unstable development of biomarkers levels in different matrixes. A moderate decreasing trend of cadmium level in urine of adults was observed. GM values for adults decreased from 0.43 μg/g creatinine in 2009 to 0.24 μg/g creatinine in 2009. For year 2011, data are available only for women (GM = 0.21 μg/g creatinine). The downward trend was also found in the...
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The biomonitoring of the selected biomarkers in the Czech population within the scope of the joined projects COPHES and DEMOCOPHES
Grafnetterová, Anna ; Černá, Milena (advisor) ; Bencko, Vladimír (referee)
Human biomonitoring represents today an important tool for the monitoring of the human beings exposition to the environmental pollutants. COPHES and DEMOICOPHES projects are address to harmonized approach to human biomonitoring within Europe. This process enables receiving comparable data on the international level. Four biomarkers (mercury, cadmium, kotinin and phthalate metabolites) were selected for this pilot study; all of them are extensively monitored at present. 27 European states at all participated in these projects and procedures were tested in 16 countries of the European Union and the Switzerland. Two localities different in the population density - Prague and Liberec were selected for the Czech Republic. Children of age 6 - 11 and their mothers were selected as the sensitive population groups. Samples of biological material (hair and urine) were taken from the representative individuals. 120 pairs of mother - child were involved in the study. Information about participant's alimentation and life style, inhabitation, education, and smoking habits was gained in questioners. Obtained information was joined with results of analyses of biological material and was evaluated statistically. It was found from results that recorded levels of monitored biomarkers do not exceed substantial healthy limits...
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An estimation of the development trends of the selected biomarkers for monitored population groups using data from the human biomonitoring in the Czech Republic
Grafnetterová, Anna ; Černá, Milena (advisor) ; Bendlová, Běla (referee)
The human biomonitoring is today an important tool for monitoring of people exposition to environmental pollutants. Mercury and cadmium are long-term monitored biomarkers in the Czech population. A developmental trend of mercury concentration level in urine and hair of children population as well as in urine and blood of adult population is investigated. These biomarkers were monitored in the years 1996 - 2011. Data originate from the NIPH (National Institute of Public Health) databases and from the international project COPHES/DEMOCOPHES. Adult blood donors at age of 18 to 64 were the first monitored group, the second one were children at age of 6 to 12, which were selected based on an agreement with elementary schools or with the paediatricians' cooperation. Available data were statistically processed; trends are presented in graphs as a dependence of geometric means on the time (the year of the biological samples collection). Results show an unstable development of biomarkers levels in different matrixes. A moderate decreasing trend of cadmium level in urine of adults was observed. GM values for adults decreased from 0.43 μg/g creatinine in 2009 to 0.24 μg/g creatinine in 2009. For year 2011, data are available only for women (GM = 0.21 μg/g creatinine). The downward trend was also found in the...
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Application of Capillary Electrophoresis in Forensic Molecular Genetic Investigation
Grafnetterová, Anna ; Doubková, Klára (advisor) ; Coufalová, Pavla (referee)
5 Abstract The capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an analytical method based on the principle of the traditional plate electrophoresis. Modern ways of fluorescence marking and the detection result in the higher reliability of analyses as well as in more precise results. The utilization of this method is wide within a lot of science fields. In special cases this method can even replace methods used so far, i.e. HPLC. The CE is mainly used in the forensic investigation in particular for person identification based on the DNA analysis of the even minimal sample amount. The STR analysis is an example of such examination. It uses short tandem repeats with high variability within the population. Commercial companies e.g. Promega Corporation, Applied Biosystems etc., develop corresponding instrumentation, software and kits which are important for receiving correct data. As a final result it is obtained DNA profile evaluated by comparison of samples from the "crime scene" with the reference samples. Besides the using in the human domain the DNA profiles are often used in the veterinary practice, in animal (cats, dogs, horses, cattle etc.) raising or breeding, for improving the particular characteristics. Key words: capillary electrophoresis fluorescent labeling STR STR analysis DNA profil
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