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Expression and binding properties of human galectin-4
Friede, Tereza ; Bojarová, Pavla (advisor) ; Kavan, Daniel (referee)
Galectin-4, a member of the galectin family known for its affinity to β-galactosides, belongs to tandem-repeat galectins and consists of two distinct subunits connected with a peptide linker. Galectins play a key role in various biological processes and are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue shows a lower expression of galectin-4 compared to healthy colon tissues, and the lower expression of galectin-4 promotes tumor progression and transport. Galectin-4 was found to inhibit tumorigenesis of CRC cells via Wnt/β-catenin and IL-6/NF-κB/STAT3 signaling pathways, which play a key role in CRC development. In inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, galectin-4 interacts with CD4+ T lymphocytes, influencing their behavior in the immunological synapsis. Furthermore, galectin-4, primarily expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, participates in the apical transport in epithelial cells, promotes the healing of intestinal epithelial wounds, participates in the adaptive immune response and has multiple roles in the central nervous system. Studying inhibitors of galectin-4 helps to understand its specific roles in these processes, and thus to identify new potential therapeutic targets. In this work human galectin-4 was heterologously...
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