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Intercellular interactions in malignant melanoma
Nedvědová, Tereza ; Dvořánková, Barbora (advisor) ; Brábek, Jan (referee)
Melanomas are one of the most aggressive types of tumours, with increasing incidence, high mortality and high potential to metastasize to a variety of diverse locations. The aim of this thesis was to study the tumour as a complex structure consisting not only of tumour cells but also of tumour stroma. Stromal cells play a major role in cancer biology. This is well documented for example in squamous cell epithelium tumours of the head and neck. Similar mechanisms can be expected to occur in melanomas. In the first experiment, we simulated the conditions in vivo during the metastatic process and studied the influence of non-adhesive environment both with and without the influence of stromal fibroblasts. The presented data demonstrates a change of tumour cells' phenotype leading to increased plasticity of the melanoma cells in these conditions. It also indicates the crucial role of stromal fibroblasts in interactions with melanoma cells. Cancer cell lines show variability in their behaviour, which is in accordance with well-known melanoma heterogeneity in clinical practice. The previous experiments in our laboratory indicate that cancer associated fibroblasts are able to influence the phenotype of a tumour cell line and this effect is based on a tumour type-unspecific mechanism. In the second part of...
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Wound repair and diabetic wound defects
Slavkovský, Rastislav ; Kanta, Jiří (advisor) ; Dvořánková, Barbora (referee) ; Veverková, Lenka (referee)
of dissertation thesis WOUND REPAIR AND DIABETIC WOUND DEFECTS. Rastislav Slavkovský Impaired diabetic wound healing is an important current medical issue, mainly concerning patients recovering from complicated operations or patients with ulcers on their feet. Hyaluronan (HA) plays an important role in the repair of damaged skin and has been used for the treatment of wounds. A mixture of high molecular weight HA with the antiseptic iodine complex KI3 (Hyiodine) was reported to accelerate wound healing in patients with diabetes and patients after surgery. We investigated how this mixture affects wound contraction, granulation tissue (GT) and wound edges in excision skin wounds in rats. Hyiodine was applied to full- thickness wounds made on the back of rats. The areas of the contracting wounds were calculated from digital photographs. The migrating edges of the wound were studied by histological methods. The properties of GT were studied in wounds in which contraction was prevented by the insertion of plastic rings. The effects of Hyiodine were compared with those of high molecular weight HA, low molecular weight HA and KI3 solution. Hyiodine accelerated wound contraction significantly in the first 5 days of healing. On day 3, Hyiodine-treated wounds had reduced to 63% of the original area, whereas...
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Surgical therapy of deep burns - dermoepidermal autotransplantation combined with local transplantation of autologous platelet concentrate
Klosová, Hana ; Klein, Leo (advisor) ; Dvořánková, Barbora (referee) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee)
Surgical therapy of deep burns - dermoepidermal autotransplantation combined with local transplantation of the autologous platelet concentrate Introduction: Necrectomy followed by skin grafting is the only causal therapy of 3rd degree burns and non-healing deep-dermal burns. In burn medicine, effective methods for stimulation of healing of skin grafted and donor areas have been searched for a long time. Efficacy of the autologous platelet concentrate (APC) to improve wound healing was verified in clinical studies in many range surgical disciplines. Its use seems to be promising in burn medicine as well. Verification of the APC efficacy in burn treatment is highly desirable. Aims: 1. The analysis of speed and quality of healing process in skin grafted areas with topical transplantation of the APC compared to the healing following the skin grafting only. 2. The monitoring of changes and development of subsequent scarring, detection of potential systemic response in relation to the topical transplantation of the APC. Methods: The speed and quality of the healing in skin grafted areas and the extent of skin graft failure were monitored in two groups of patients post-operatively. The healing of donor areas was evaluated to determine the potential systemic effect of the topically applied APC. The clinical...
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Intercellular interactions in malignant melanoma
Nedvědová, Tereza ; Dvořánková, Barbora (advisor) ; Brábek, Jan (referee)
Melanomas are one of the most aggressive types of tumours, with increasing incidence, high mortality and high potential to metastasize to a variety of diverse locations. The aim of this thesis was to study the tumour as a complex structure consisting not only of tumour cells but also of tumour stroma. Stromal cells play a major role in cancer biology. This is well documented for example in squamous cell epithelium tumours of the head and neck. Similar mechanisms can be expected to occur in melanomas. In the first experiment, we simulated the conditions in vivo during the metastatic process and studied the influence of non-adhesive environment both with and without the influence of stromal fibroblasts. The presented data demonstrates a change of tumour cells' phenotype leading to increased plasticity of the melanoma cells in these conditions. It also indicates the crucial role of stromal fibroblasts in interactions with melanoma cells. Cancer cell lines show variability in their behaviour, which is in accordance with well-known melanoma heterogeneity in clinical practice. The previous experiments in our laboratory indicate that cancer associated fibroblasts are able to influence the phenotype of a tumour cell line and this effect is based on a tumour type-unspecific mechanism. In the second part of...
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Wound repair and diabetic wound defects
Slavkovský, Rastislav ; Kanta, Jiří (advisor) ; Dvořánková, Barbora (referee) ; Veverková, Lenka (referee)
of dissertation thesis WOUND REPAIR AND DIABETIC WOUND DEFECTS. Rastislav Slavkovský Impaired diabetic wound healing is an important current medical issue, mainly concerning patients recovering from complicated operations or patients with ulcers on their feet. Hyaluronan (HA) plays an important role in the repair of damaged skin and has been used for the treatment of wounds. A mixture of high molecular weight HA with the antiseptic iodine complex KI3 (Hyiodine) was reported to accelerate wound healing in patients with diabetes and patients after surgery. We investigated how this mixture affects wound contraction, granulation tissue (GT) and wound edges in excision skin wounds in rats. Hyiodine was applied to full- thickness wounds made on the back of rats. The areas of the contracting wounds were calculated from digital photographs. The migrating edges of the wound were studied by histological methods. The properties of GT were studied in wounds in which contraction was prevented by the insertion of plastic rings. The effects of Hyiodine were compared with those of high molecular weight HA, low molecular weight HA and KI3 solution. Hyiodine accelerated wound contraction significantly in the first 5 days of healing. On day 3, Hyiodine-treated wounds had reduced to 63% of the original area, whereas...
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Glycobiology of squamous epithelium - in vitro and in vivo
Dvořánková, Barbora ; Smetana, Karel (advisor) ; Mandys, Václav (referee) ; Ulbrich, Karel (referee)
The skin is the largest organ of human body and its severe damage can cause even death of a patient. As the allografting of skin can not create permanent closure of wounds, the treatment (especially in cases of burn injuries) is rather demanding and prolonged. In my work I focused on determination of glycobiologic characteristcs of squamous cell epithelium, especially the skin, under normal and pathological conditions. Those results which we have obtained could be used for development of new methods of keratinocyte cultivation for clinical purposes. Epidermis was the very first human tissue that was prepared in vitro and returned back to the patient however the results of these transplantations were not satisfactory. (...) A new method of cultivation and transfer of keratinocytes on polymer support was developed. This way of cultivation of epidermal grafts exhibits some advantages compared with confluent sheets attached to textile. Namely the shortening of the cultivation period and the deletion of enzymatic detachment of the cells, that negatively influence their viability, are the main benefits. First of all the hydrogel support protects the cells from infection and desiccation after its application to the wound bed. So the optimal microclimate for the attachment and spreading of transplanted cells is...
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Ultrathin nanofibrous membranes with enhanced properties for transplantation of retinal pigment epithelial cells
Studenovská, Hana ; Popelka, Štěpán ; Abelová, Lucie ; Riedel, Tomáš ; Studený, P. ; Straňák, Z. ; Klíma, Jiří ; Ardan, Taras ; Dvořánková, B. ; Rypáček, František
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